AIM: To compare the difference and consistency of corneal refractive power and astigmatism measured by CASIA2 and IOL Master 700 in patients with age-related cataract.METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 153 patients(232 eyes)with age-related cataract admitted to Daping hospital from November to December 2021 were selected. The flat keratometry(Kf), steep keratometry(Ks), mean keratometry(Km), degree and axis of astigmatism(vector representation J0 and J45)of the anterior, posterior surfaces together with the total cornea from cataract patients were measured by CASIA2 and IOL Master 700, respectively. The difference, correlation and consistency of the two instruments were analyzed.RESULTS:There was no significant difference in J45 values of posterior corneal surface measured by CASIA2 and IOL Master 700(-0.006±0.038D vs. -0.005±0.044D, P>0.05), but there were significant differences in other parameters(all P<0.05). All parameters measured by the two instruments were significantly positive correlated(all r/rs>0.7, P<0.001); Bland-Altman analysis showed that the refractive power and astigmatism of the anterior cornea surface measured by the two facilities were in good consistency, while the refractive power of the posterior surface and the whole cornea showed poor consistency.CONCLUSION: CASIA2 and IOL Master 700 showed little differences and good consistency in the refractive power and astigmatism of the anterior, posterior and total corneal surface in cataract patients, which seems interchangeable. However, the refractive power of the posterior surface and the whole cornea has significant differences and poor consistency, which should not be interchange casually.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with allergic diseases suffering from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant strains. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 43 pediatric patients with allergic diseases infected by SARS-CoV-2 from April 25, 2022 to June 8, 2022 in Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were selected as the allergic disease group, while 114 cases without underlying diseases and 16 cases with other underlying diseases were selected as control groups diagnosed at the same period. Clinical data including clinical features, laboratory tests, duration of hospitalization, and the time to negative turn of novel coronavirus nucleic acid were collected and analysed. Kruskal-Wallis H test, chi-square test or Fisher exact test were used for comparison among three groups. Results: Among the 43 patients with allergic diseases, 28 were males and 15 were females, with an age of 4.4 (2.1, 8.2) years on admission, including 32 mild cases and 11 common cases. The allergic disease group included 20 cases (46.5%) of atopic dermatitis and eczema, followed by 14 cases (32.6%) of rhinitis, 8 cases (18.6%) of food allergies, 7 cases (16.3%) of asthma, 4 cases (9.3%) of allergic conjunctivitis and 2 cases (4.7%) of drug allergy. Among the 114 cases without underlying diseases, 57 were males and 57 were females, with an age of 2.8 (1.2, 5.6) years on admission, including 93 mild cases and 21 common cases. Among the 16 cases with other underlying diseases, 9 were males and 7 were females, with an age of 3.0 (2.6, 10.8) years on admission, including 13 cases mild and 3 cases common cases. Children with allergic diseases had higher frequency of sore throat and vomiting than those without underlying diseases (10 cases (23.3%) vs.9 cases (7.9%), 14 cases (32.6%) vs. 11 cases (9.6%), χ²=6.93, 12.24, both P<0.05). The lymphocyte count of patients with allergic disease was lower than those without underlying disease (1.1 (0.7,1.7)×10⁹ vs. 1.6 (1.1,2.7)×10⁹/L, H=-28.00,P=0.005). There were no significant differences in age, gender, typing of SARS-CoV-2, the duration of hospitalization, cycle threshold values of SARS-CoV-2 and the time to negative turn of novel coronavirus nucleic acid among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Children with allergic diseases may suffer from sore throat and vomiting more frequently when infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. The combination of allergic diseases hardly influenced the disease course of SARS-CoV-2 in children.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Child ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; COVID-19 ; China/epidemiology* ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Pharyngitis

Objective: To summarize the application experience and the therapeutic effect of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir (trade name: Paxlovid) for COVID-19 in children. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data, including collecting the clinical manifestations and clinical outcomes, dynamically monitoring the blood routine, hepatic and renal function and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid results, and observing the related side effects during the treatment, etc, of 3 cases with COVID-19 treated with Paxlovid admitted to Shanghai Children's Hospital (designated referral hospital for SARS-CoV-2 infection in Shanghai) from May 1^st to June 1^st, 2022. Results: The 3 cases were 12, 14, 17 years of age, among which 2 cases were males, 1 case was female. All 3 cases were mild cases with underlying diseases and risk of developing into severe COVID-19, with symptoms of high fever, sore throat and dry cough. The treatment of Paxlovid at 3^rd day of symptom onset contributed to the symptom-free after 1-2 days and negative results of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid after 2-4 days. All patients had no adverse manifestations of gastrointestinal tract and nervous system but a case had little skin rashes, which recovered after the withdrawal of Paxlovid. Three cases had normal hepatic and renal function during the Paxlovid treatment. At 3 months after discharge, no clinical manifestations of post-COVID syndrome were found in all 3 cases. Conclusion: Paxlovid was effective and relatively safe in the treatment of 3 children with COVID-19.
Child ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Ritonavir/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; China ; Nucleic Acids ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment

Objective: To understand the characteristics and associated factors of viral nucleic acid conversion in children infected with Omicron variant strain of SARS-CoV-2 in Shanghai. Methods: The clinical symptoms, laboratory results and other data of 177 children infected with SARS-CoV-2 who were hospitalized in Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (designated hospital for SARS-CoV-2 infection in Shanghai) from April 25 to June 8, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the chest imaging findings, the children were divided into mild and common type groups. According to their age, the unvaccinated children were divided into<3 years old group and 3-<18 years old group. According to the vaccination status, the children aged 3-<18 year were divided into non-vaccination group, 1-dose vaccination group and 2-dose vaccination group. Comparison between groups was performed by independent sample t-test and analysis of variance, and multivariate linear regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results: Among the 177 children infected with Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, 96 were males and 81 were females, aged 3 (1, 6) years. The time of viral nucleic acid negative conversion was (10.3±3.1) days. The 177 children were 138 cases of mild type and 39 cases of common type. Among the children aged 3-<18 years old, 55 cases were not vaccinated, 5 cases received 1-dose and 36 cases received 2-dose vaccination. Among the 36 children who received 2 doses of vaccination, the time of viral nucleic acid negative conversion was shorter in those vaccinated within 6 months than those over 6 months ((7.1±1.9) vs. (10.8±3.0) d, t=-3.23, P=0.004). Univariate analysis showed that the time of nucleic acid negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 was associated with age, underlying diseases, gastrointestinal symptoms, white blood cell count, proportion of neutrophils, proportion of lymphocytes, and the number of doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (t=3.87, 2.55, 2.04, 4.24, 3.51, 2.92, F=16.27, all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that older age (β=-0.33, 95% CI -0.485--0.182, P<0.001) and more doses of vaccination (β=-0.79, 95% CI -1.463--0.120, P=0.021) were associated with shortened nucleic acid negative conversion time in children, while lower lymphocyte proportion (β=-0.02, 95% CI -0.044--0.002, P=0.031) and underlying diseases (β=1.52, 95% CI 0.363-2.672, P=0.010) were associated with prolonged nucleic acid negative conversion time in children. Conclusion: The children infected with Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 with reduced lymphocyte proportion and underlying diseases may have longer time of viral nucleic acid negative conversion,while children with older age and more doses of vaccination may have shorter time of viral nucleic acid negative conversion.
Child ; Female ; Male ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Adolescent ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Nucleic Acids ; COVID-19 ; Retrospective Studies ; China/epidemiology* ; Translocation, Genetic ; Hospitals, Pediatric

Medical alliances constitute a vertical integration of regional medical resources, and an effective means to promote the tiered medical services. As one of the largest tertiary hospitals in Xinjiang, a hospital has gradually built a " 1+ 6+ N" medical alliance cooperative system fitting the geographical characteristics of Xinjiang since 2018. The system was based on the hospital, made county-level medical institutions as the hub, primary medical and health units as the focus, and telemedicine as the bridge. It turned a telemedicine service platform as the medium, integrating such service segments, as offline practices of experts like clinical teaching, ward rounds, surgical guidance and discipline construction, and as online practices like remote consultation, remote diagnosis, remote education, and remote new technology training among others. Then these segments were integrated into such cooperative models as the remote cooperative medical alliances, specialist-cooperative medical alliances, inter-department co-construction medical alliances, precision-based assistance medical alliances, urban medical group type of medical alliances, and " alliance-consortium" integrated development medical alliances. These practices enabled the expansion and primary support of high-quality medical resources. By June 2022, the hospital had established cooperation via medical alliances with 285 medical institutions at all levels. The implementation of this cooperation mechanism has effectively improved the medical service capacity, diagnosis and treatment capacity of difficult and critical diseases, diagnosis and treatment homogeneity and remote diagnosis capacity in the region, as well as the smooth and orderly progress of the tiered medical services and two-way referrals within a medical alliance.

Objective To study the effect of velvet antler polypeptides (VAP) on antioxidant in Alzheimer' s disease model mice. Methods Eight months old male amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin-l (PS1) double transgenic mice were selected as Alzheimer' s disease (AD) model and divided into the model group and the VAP intervention group, 12 in each group. Besides, normal mice of the same brood (with no transgene) were recruited as a control group (n= 12).After 6 months of intragastric administration, behavior, morphology and oxidative stress related indicators were detected.SH-SY5 cells were used to establish AD model of damaged by Ap2535. The expression levels of APP and p-secreatase-l(BACE1) protein in mouse hippocampus were detected by Western blotting. VAP intervention group SH-SY5Y cells was cultured with VAP (500 g/L) and amyloid P(Ap) 2535(25 ixmol/L) for 24 hours. Control group cells were normally cultured by DMEM medium. Cell apoptosis, membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and oxidative stress related indexes were detected. Results In animal models, compared with the model group, the escape latency of mice in the VAP intervention group was shortened (P<0. 05). The neuronal cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of the model group were reduced and arranged disorderly. The arrangement of the VAP intervention group was relatively regular, and the morphology was significantly improved. Compared with the model group, senile plaques were decreased in the VAP intervention group. Compared with the model group, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content ol the VAP intervention group increased, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) content increased, the difference was statistically significant. Compared with the control group, the APP and BACE1 content in the model group increased. Compared with the model group, the contents of APP and BACE1 in the VAP intervention group decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). In the cell model, the apoptosis rates of the VAP intervention group decreased. Compared with the model group, the mitochondrial membrane potential of the VAP intervention group increased, the content ol ROS decreased, the content of MDA decreased, and the content of SOD and GSH-Px increased. The difference were statistically significant (P<0. 05). Conclusion VAP has a protective effect on oxidative stress damage caused by Alzheimer' s disease model animals and cells, which may be achieved by reducing ROS production and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes to reduce Ap deposition.

The global incidence of breast cancer has increased year by year. Breast cancer has the highest mortality rate in female patients with malignant tumors. Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） has made great contribution to health of human being， improving the overall curative effect， reducing the patients' pain， improving the quality of life and alleviating adverse reactions in patients. TCM and its active compounds can inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells by inducing cell cycle arrest， invasion， metastasis and reversing multidrug resistance. The effect of the compounds in TCM is obvious on inducing the arrest of the breast cancer cells cycle. It′s a novel method to fight against breast cancer by influencing the progress of the breast cancer cell cycle and inducing the cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells. Lots of studies have shown that the G₂/M phase checkpoint which transition from gap-phase （G₂ phase） to mitotic phase （M phase） in the cell cycle is the key point for cell survival or death. Many antitumor drugs can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells through the cell cycle arrest. We summarized the domestic and foreign literatures in recent years， and comprehensively explained the research progress on the related regulatory molecules in G₂/M arrest. In addition， we summarized and sorted out the researches on the methods and ways of alkaloids， polysaccharides， terpenes， flavonoids， saponins and other active compounds of TCM in inducing the G₂/M arrest of human breast cancer cells. By summarizing the active compounds of various Chinese medicines in inducing G₂/M arrest of breast cancer cells， and reviewing the research progress on mechanism of active TCM compounds for inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells， we will， in this paper， investigate the mechanism of active TCM compounds for inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells through inducing G₂/M arrest of human breast cancer cells， so as to provide a scientific basis for in-depth research on the anti-breast cancer mechanism of the active compounds in TCM.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of general practice service based on network platform in health management of patients with multiple chronic conditions (MCC).Methods:Based on network platform, the general practitioners provided health management service for 626 MCC patients in a petrochemical company in Panjin city of Liaoning province from June 2015 to June 2016. The individualized health management plan included health counseling, diet and exercise guidance, health information delivery, health file establishment, and rational medication guidance. After intervention the patient activeness, quality of life, clinical variables were evaluated.Results:Ninety participants dropped out of study (14.38%, 90/626), the questionnaire survey was conducted in rest 536 participants. After 1-year intervention, the scores of physical functioning, role-physical, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, mental health, and total scores in SF-36 were significantly increased ( F=12.350, 13.215, 10.515, 29.114, 42.972, 10.951, 89.783 and 33.311, respectively, all P<0.05); the values of BMI, waist, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose were significantly decreased( F= 30.039, 33.849, 7.152, 27.453, 59.938, 214.270, 73.488 and 62.014, respectively, all P<0.05); the values of high density lipoprotein cholesterol were markedly increased ( F=16.491, P<0.01); the overall scores of activation were increased ( F=9.471, P<0.01), the level of activation was changed (χ 2=16.183, P<0.05); but there was no change in body pain ( F=1.486, P=0.227). There was a weak correlation between patient activation and the general health ( r=0.099, P=0.013), vitality ( r=0.101, P=0.011), mental health ( r=0.099, P=0.013). Conclusion:General practice service based on network platform is feasible and effective for patients with multiple chronic conditions, after the implementation, the activation and the health outcomes are improved significantly.

BackgroundEndometriosis is a challenging disease with symptoms such as dysmenorrhea and infertility. However, its etiology is still vague and there is still no effective markers or treatment. This study aimed to profile the circular RNAs (circRNAs) expressed in eutopic endometrium from patients with ovarian endometriosis and explore potential clues to the pathogenesis of endometriosis, providing an evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

MethodsA total of 63 clinical samples, including control endometrium (n = 22) and eutopic endometrium (n = 41), were collected from Peking Union Medical College Hospital between May 1, 2016, and December 31, 2016. Of them, four samples in each group were used for circRNA microarray. Then, four upregulated circRNAs were screened out for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) validation. After that, bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict miRNAs targeted by validated circRNAs and investigate the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions.

ResultsAmong 88 differentially expressed circRNAs, 11 were upregulated and 77 were downregulated in eutopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis. qRT-PCR validation results for two upregulated circRNAs (circ_0004712 and circ_0002198) matched the microarray results. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of circ_0002198 for distinguishing ovarian endometriosis was 0.846 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.752-0.939; P < 0.001) while that of circ_0004712 was 0.704 (95% CI: 0.571-0.837; P = 0.008). On the basis of target prediction, we depicted the molecular interactions between the identified circRNAs and their dominant target miRNAs, as well as constructed a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network.

ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that circRNAs are differentially expressed between eutopic and normal endometrium, which suggests that circRNAs are candidate factors in the activation of endometriosis. circ_0002198 and circ_0004712 may be potential novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of ovarian endometriosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the characteristics of tidal breathing pulmonary function in children with tracheobronchomalacia (TBM).

METHODSIn this study, 30 children who were diagnosed with TBM using electronic bronchoscopy were enrolled in the observation group; 30 healthy children were recruited in the normal control group. For individuals in each group, the assessment of tidal breath pulmonary function was performed at diagnosis and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after diagnosis.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in tidal volume, inspiratory time, expiratory time, and inspiratory to expiratory ratio between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had a significantly higher respiratory rate and significantly lower ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory time (TPTEF/TE) and ratio of volume to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory volume (VPTEF/VE). There was a time-dependent increase in TPTEF/TE and VPTEF/VE for TBM children from the time of initial diagnosis to 12 months after diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONSTidal breathing pulmonary function has characteristic changes in children with TBM. Tidal breathing pulmonary function tends to be recovered with increased age in children with TBM.

Age Factors ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; physiopathology ; Male ; Respiration ; Tidal Volume ; Tracheobronchomalacia ; physiopathology