Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression.Methods An open,single-arm,multi-center design was adopted in our study.Adult patients with mild and moderate depression who had received acute treatment of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides were enrolled and continue to receive Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules for 24 weeks,the dose remained unchanged during continuation treatment.The remission rate,recurrence rate,recurrence time,and the change from baseline to endpoint of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Clinical Global Impression-Severity(CGI-S)and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale(ASEX)were evaluated.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was reported.Results The scores of HAMD-17 at baseline and after treatment were 6.60±1.87 and 5.85±4.18,scores of HAMA were 6.36±3.02 and 4.93±3.09,scores of CGI-S were 1.49±0.56 and 1.29±0.81,scores of ASEX were 15.92±4.72 and 15.57±5.26,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After continuation treatment,the remission rate was 54.59％(202 cases/370 cases),and the recurrence rate was 6.49％(24 cases/370 cases),the recurrence time was(64.67±42.47)days.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 15.35％(64 cases/417 cases).Conclusion Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules can be effectively used for the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression,and are well tolerated and safe.

Objective To investigate the impacts of different levels(1,3 and 5)of iDream reconstruction on CT quantitative analysis of lung function parameters,providing references for quantitative measurement of emphysema indicators by iDream reconstruction technology.Methods A retrospective study was performed for 50 patients who underwent noncontrast chest CT scan in some hospital from December 2021 to January 2022,and the images were reconstructed using four methods:fittered back projection(FBP)and level 1,3 and 5 iDream techniques.For the four groups of images,the main tracheal CT values and standard deviation(SD)values were measured,the signal to noise ratio(SNR)was calculated and the total lung volume(TLV),emphysema volume(EV),emphysema index(EI),15th percentile of lung attenuation(Perc 15)and pulmonary density 15％(PD15％)were detected with quantitative lung function analysis software.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0 software.Results The four groups did not have significant differences in the main tracheal CT value and TLV(P＞0.05),while did in SD,SNR,EV,EI,PD15％and Perc 15(P＜0.05).As the reconstruction level of iDream increased,the main tracheal SD value,EV and EI decreased gradually,and level 3 and 5 iDream reconstruction groups had no significant differences in EV and El(P＞0.05);as the reconstruction level of iDream increased,PD15％and Perc 15 rose gradually,and level 3 and 5 iDream reconstruction groups had no significant differences in PD15％and Perc 15(P＞0.05).Conclusion Increase of the level of iDream reconstruction algorithm affects the results of CT quantitative analysis of lung function by reducing image noise.Level 3 and 5 iDream reconstruction ensures the stability of EV,EI,PD15％and Perc 15,which are not influenced by the strength of the iterative reconstruction algorithm.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(9):57-61]

Objective To explore the correlation between sleep status and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution types of sub-healthy population in Lingnan area.Methods From May 2022 to May 2023,an investigation was carried out in a sub-healthy population of 688 persons who lived in Shenzhen for more than 5 years,had no serious cardiovascular disease and were confirmed by the sub-health rating scale.The questionnaire survey of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scale and the TCM constitution classification rating scale was conducted,and multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore the correlation between the sleep status and TCM constitution types.Results(1)A total of 688 questionnaires were released,of which 19 were lost to follow-up,and 669 were responded.After weeding out the 29 invalid questionnaires,640 valid questionnaires were finally included for the analysis.(2)According to the PSQI score,the population was divided into excellent sleep group(total PSQI score＜8)of 350 cases and poor sleep group(total PSQI score≥8)of 290 cases.The item scores of time for falling asleep,sleep time and sleep disorder as well as the total PSQI score of the excellent sleep group were significantly lower than those of the poor sleep group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(3)The persons with excellent sleep usually had the balanced constitution(86.86%),while the persons with poor sleep often had the biased constitution(79.64%).The top three biased constitution types in the persons with poor sleep were damp-heat constitution(15.52%),phlegm-damp constitution(13.79%)and qi-stagnation constitution(13.10%).(4)Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the time for falling asleep was positively correlated with phlegm-damp constitution and qi-stagnation constitution(P＜0.01),and was negatively correlated with balanced constitution(P＜0.05);the sleep efficiency was positively correlated with damp-heat constitution and inherited special constitution(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and was negatively correlated with balanced constitution(P＜0.05);sleep disorder was positively correlated with qi-stagnation constitution and yin-deficiency constitution(P＜0.01);hypnotic drugs were positively correlated with yin-deficiency constitution(P＜0.01);daytime dysfunction was positively correlated with phlegm-damp constitution(P＜0.05).Conclusion The sleep status of sub-healthy population in Lingnan area has a certain correlation with TCM constitution types.Damp-heat constitution,phlegm-damp constitution,qi-stagnation constitution,yin-deficiency constitution,balanced constitution and inherited special constitution are the six constitution types that affect sleep status.It is of great significance to guide the sub-healthy population to achieve the purpose of prevention before illness by improving their constitution after the identification of TCM constitution types.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pneumococcal meningitis(PM),and drug sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae(SP)isolates in Chinese children.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical information,laboratory data,and microbiological data of 160 hospitalized children under 15 years old with PM from January 2019 to December 2020 in 33 tertiary hospitals across the country.Results Among the 160 children with PM,there were 103 males and 57 females.The age ranged from 15 days to 15 years,with 109 cases(68.1% )aged 3 months to under 3 years.SP strains were isolated from 95 cases(59.4% )in cerebrospinal fluid cultures and from 57 cases(35.6% )in blood cultures.The positive rates of SP detection by cerebrospinal fluid metagenomic next-generation sequencing and cerebrospinal fluid SP antigen testing were 40% (35/87)and 27% (21/78),respectively.Fifty-five cases(34.4% )had one or more risk factors for purulent meningitis,113 cases(70.6% )had one or more extra-cranial infectious foci,and 18 cases(11.3% )had underlying diseases.The most common clinical symptoms were fever(147 cases,91.9% ),followed by lethargy(98 cases,61.3% )and vomiting(61 cases,38.1% ).Sixty-nine cases(43.1% )experienced intracranial complications during hospitalization,with subdural effusion and/or empyema being the most common complication[43 cases(26.9% )],followed by hydrocephalus in 24 cases(15.0% ),brain abscess in 23 cases(14.4% ),and cerebral hemorrhage in 8 cases(5.0% ).Subdural effusion and/or empyema and hydrocephalus mainly occurred in children under 1 year old,with rates of 91% (39/43)and 83% (20/24),respectively.SP strains exhibited complete sensitivity to vancomycin(100% ,75/75),linezolid(100% ,56/56),and meropenem(100% ,6/6).High sensitivity rates were also observed for levofloxacin(81% ,22/27),moxifloxacin(82% ,14/17),rifampicin(96% ,25/26),and chloramphenicol(91% ,21/23).However,low sensitivity rates were found for penicillin(16% ,11/68)and clindamycin(6% ,1/17),and SP strains were completely resistant to erythromycin(100% ,31/31).The rates of discharge with cure and improvement were 22.5% (36/160)and 66.2% (106/160),respectively,while 18 cases(11.3% )had adverse outcomes.Conclusions Pediatric PM is more common in children aged 3 months to under 3 years.Intracranial complications are more frequently observed in children under 1 year old.Fever is the most common clinical manifestation of PM,and subdural effusion/emphysema and hydrocephalus are the most frequent complications.Non-culture detection methods for cerebrospinal fluid can improve pathogen detection rates.Adverse outcomes can be noted in more than 10% of PM cases.SP strains are high sensitivity to vancomycin,linezolid,meropenem,levofloxacin,moxifloxacin,rifampicin,and chloramphenicol.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(2):131-138]

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To explore the molecular epidemiological characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP),and reveal its mechanism of resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam(CZA).Methods CZA-re-sistant CRKP strains initially isolated from the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2021 to September 2023 were collected.The carriage of 5 carbapenemase genes(blaKPC,blaNDM,blaOXA,blaVIM,blaIMp)were detected with gene amplification method and colloidal gold method.The relative copy number and expression level of Klebsiella pneumoniae(KP)carbapenemase-producing KP(KPC-KP)was detected with real-time quantita-tive polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),mutation sites of KPC mutation strains were analyzed with whole-ge-nome sequencing,and epidemic characteristics of CRKP and resistance mechanism to CZA were analyzed.Results A total of 73 CZA-resistant CRKP strains were isolated,with 37(50.68％)being KPC and NDM co-producing strains,33(45.21％)NDM-producing alone(23 strains producing NDM-5 and 10 strains producing NDM-1),and 3 KPC-producing alone.KP-2842 strain was identified as ST11-type KPC-33 variant,KP-2127 and KP-2189 strains produced KPC-2.Compared with KP ATCC BAA-1705,the copy number of blaKPC in these strains up-regulated by 1.04-3.86 fold,and the expression increased by 6.66-12.93 fold,respectively.Colloidal gold and PCR methods demonstrated good consistency and the ability to detect the enzyme co-producing and KPC-33 variant.Conclusion In this hospital,the resistance of CRKP to CZA is primarily mediated by the metalloenzyme NDM,with co-produc-tion of NDM and KPC being a characteristic of CRKP.High copy number and expression level of blaKPC-2 also con-tribute to CZA resistance.This study identified the KPC-33 variant for the first time in ST11-type CRKP in Jiangsu Province.

Objective: Retrospective analysis of the efficacy and influencing factors of bladder preservation integrated therapy for unresectable invasive bladder cancer confined to the pelvis was done, also including the bladder function preservation and adverse effects analysis. Methods: Sixty-nine patients with unresectable locally invasive bladder cancer who received radiotherapy-based combination therapy from March 1999 to December 2021 at our hospital were selected. Among them, 42 patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy, 32 underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapyand 43 with transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) prior to radiotherapy. The late adverse effect of radiotherapy, preservation of bladder function, replase and metastasis and survival were followed-up. Cox proportional hazards models were applied for the multifactorial analysis. Results: The median age was 69 years. There were 63 cases (91.3%) of uroepithelial carcinoma, 64 of stage Ⅲ and 4 of stage Ⅳ. The median duration of follow-up was 76 months. There were 7 grade 2 late genito urinary toxicities, 2 grade 2 gastrointestinal toxicities, no grade 3 or higher adverse events occurred. All patients maintained normal bladder function, except for 8 cases who lost bladder function due to uncontrolled tumor in the bladder. Seventeen cases recurred locally. There were 11 cases in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group with a local recurrence rate of 26.2% (11/42) and 6 cases in the non-concurrent chemoradiotherapy group with a local recurrence rate of 22.2% (6/27), and the difference in local recurrence rate between the two groups was not statistically significant (P=0.709). There were 23 cases of distant metastasis (including 2 cases of local recurrence with distant metastasis), including 10 cases in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group with a distant metastasis rate of 23.8% (10/42) and 13 cases in the non-concurrent chemoradiotherapy group with a distant metastasis rate of 48.1% (13/27), and the distant metastasis rate in the non-concurrent chemoradiotherapy group was higher than that in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group (P=0.036). The median 5-year overall survival (OS) time was 59 months and the OS rate was 47.8%. The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) time was 20 months and the PFS rate was 34.4%. The 5-year OS rates of concurrent and non-concurrent chemoradiotherapy group were 62.9% and 27.6% (P<0.001), and 5-year PFS rates were 45.4% and 20.0%, respectively (P=0.022). The 5-year OS rates of with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy were 78.4% and 30.1% (P=0.002), and the 5-year PFS rates were 49.1% and 25.1% (P=0.087), respectively. The 5-year OS rates with or without TURBT before radiotherapy were 45.5% and 51.9% (P=0.233) and the 5-year PFS rates were 30.8% and 39.9% (P=0.198), respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis results showed that the clinical stage (HR=0.422, 95% CI: 0.205-0.869) was independent prognostic factor for PFS of invasive bladder cancer. The multivariate analysis showed that clinical stages (HR=0.278, 95% CI: 0.114-0.678), concurrent chemoradiotherapy (HR=0.391, 95% CI: 0.165-0.930), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (HR=0.188, 95% CI: 0.058-0.611), and recurrences (HR=10.855, 95% CI: 3.655-32.638) were independent prognostic factors for OS of invasive bladder cancer. Conclusion: Unresectable localized invasive bladder cancer can achieve satisfactory long-term outcomes with bladder-preserving combination therapy based on radiotherapy, most patients can retain normal bladder function with acceptable late adverse effects and improved survival particularly evident in patients with early, concurrent chemoradiotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Humans ; Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Retrospective Studies ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Chemoradiotherapy/methods* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/radiotherapy* ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Neoplasm Staging

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are mediators of the aging process. The purpose of this work was to analyze the miRNA expression profiles of spermatozoa from men of different ages with normal fertility. Twenty-seven donors were divided into three groups by age (Group A, n = 8, age: 20-30 years; Group B, n = 10, age: 31-40 years; and Group C, n = 9, age: 41-55 years) for high-throughput sequencing analysis. Samples from 65 individuals (22, 22, and 21 in Groups A, B, and C, respectively) were used for validation by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A total of 2160 miRNAs were detected: 1223 were known, 937 were newly discovered and unnamed, of which 191 were expressed in all donors. A total of 7, 5, and 17 differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) were found in Group A vs B, Group B vs C, and Group A vs C comparisons, respectively. Twenty-two miRNAs were statistically correlated with age. Twelve miRNAs were identified as age-associated miRNAs, including hsa-miR-127-3p, mmu-miR-5100_L+2R-1, efu-miR-9226_L-2_1ss22GA, cgr-miR-1260_L+1, hsa-miR-652-3p_R+1, pal-miR-9993a-3p_L+2R-1, hsa-miR-7977_1ss6AG, hsa-miR-106b-3p_R-1, hsa-miR-186-5p, PC-3p-59611_111, hsa-miR-93-3p_R+1, and aeca-mir-8986a-p5_1ss1GA. There were 9165 target genes of age-associated miRNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of the target genes identified revealed enrichment of protein binding, membrane, cell cycle, and so on. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of age-related miRNAs for target genes revealed 139 enriched pathways, such as signaling pathways regulating stem cell pluripotency, metabolic pathways, and the Hippo signaling pathway. This suggests that miRNAs play a key role in male fertility changes with increasing age and provides new evidence for the study of the mechanism of age-related male fertility decline.
Humans ; Male ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/genetics* ; Spermatozoa/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Profiling

Abstract OBJECTIVE Linezolid(LZD) is a synthetic oxazolidone antibacterial drug that has activity against most Gram positive bacteria. LZD is widely used in pediatric patients, and its common adverse reactions include gastrointestinal reactions and bone marrow suppression, etc. In recent years, LZD-induced hyperlactatemia has gradually attracted attention. LZD-induced hyperlactatemia can exacerbate the condition of pediatric patients and is associated with high mortality rates in children. However, there is currently a lack of data on the risk factors for LZD-induced hyperlactatemia in pediatric patients. METHODS Therefore, this paper collected and retrospectively analyzed the information of hospitalized pediatric patients who received LZD treatment at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from October 2012 to February 2023, including demographic characteristics of pediatric patients and clinical treatment related records, etc. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, this paper identified whether the included pediatric patients had developed hyperlactatemia and evaluated the causal relationship between LZD and hyperlactatemia using the Naranjo's Scale. The risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and the dose-response relationship between risk factors and LZD-induced hyperlactatemia was further analyzed using a restricted cubic spline(RCS) model. RESULTS A total of 331 pediatric patients were included, of which 145 pediatric patients(43.8%) developed LZD-induced hyperlactatemia, including 122 cases of mild hyperlactatemia and 23 cases of severe hyperlactatemia; the causal relationship score of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia was “possibly related” in 87 cases(60.0%) and “highly likely related” in 58 cases(40.0%). The median age of pediatric patients was 3(0.92, 9) years old, with 55.29% males, 25.38% patients with liver disease, 8.76% pediatric patients with kidney disease, and 36.56% pediatric patients with cardiovascular disease; the median number of treatment days for pediatric patients receiving LZD was 13(8, 22) d, with pediatric patients with hyperlactatemia having a longer median number of LZD treatment days than those without hyperlactatemia[16(10, 28) vs 11(7, 18)]; 41.09% of pediatric patients used P-glycoprotein inducers in combination, with more pediatric patients(57.4%) experiencing hyperlactatemia; 53.47% of pediatric patients used P-glycoprotein inhibitors in combination; the median values of lactic acid baseline, creatinine baseline, and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) were 0.92(0.80, 0.92)mmol·L-1, 26(18.25, 34.90) μmol·L-1, 179.97(137.23, 222.70)mL·min-1·(1.73 m)-2, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pediatric patients received longer LZD treatment duration(OR=1.026, P=0.004), and the combination of P-glycoprotein inducers(OR=2.023, P=0.004), higher lactic acid baseline levels(OR=2.408, P=0.022), and lower eGFR(OR=0.997, P=0.047) were independent risk factors for LZD-induced hyperlactatemia. The RCS model showed that as the number of days of LZD treatment increases, the risk of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia increased nonlinearly(P-non-linear=0.041); when the lactic acid baseline value was -1, the risk of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia dramatically increased as the lactic acid baseline value increased, when it was >0.92 mmol·L-1, the risk of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia slowly increased as the lactic acid baseline value increased(P-non-linear=0.013). CONCLUSION This study explores for the first time the risk factors of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia in pediatric patients, including the impact of the interaction between LZD and drugs that affect mitochondrial function, P-glycoprotein inducers, and P-glycoprotein inhibitors on hyperlactatemia. RCS models are used to analyze the dose-response relationships between LZD treatment days, lactic acid baseline values, and the occurrence of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia. When LZD is combined with P-glycoprotein inducers(mainly isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol), the risk of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia increases, and its related mechanisms still need further research. In addition, pediatric patients with renal insufficiency may need to adjust the LZD dosage appropriately to avoid the occurrence of hyperlactatemia. In conclusion, when pediatric patients receive LZD treatment, attention should be paid to risk factors such as lactic acid baseline value, duration of LZD use, combined use of P-glycoprotein inducers, and renal dysfunction, in order to prevent the occurrence of LZD-induced hyperlactatemia based on the pediatric patient's treatment needs.

Objective: To analyze the clinical epidemiological characteristics including composition of pathogens , clinical characteristics, and disease prognosis acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) in Chinese children. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical and laboratory data of 1 610 children <15 years of age with ABM in 33 tertiary hospitals in China from January 2019 to December 2020. Patients were divided into different groups according to age,<28 days group, 28 days to <3 months group, 3 months to <1 year group, 1-<5 years of age group, 5-<15 years of age group; etiology confirmed group and clinically diagnosed group according to etiology diagnosis. Non-numeric variables were analyzed with the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, while non-normal distrituction numeric variables were compared with nonparametric test. Results: Among 1 610 children with ABM, 955 were male and 650 were female (5 cases were not provided with gender information), and the age of onset was 1.5 (0.5, 5.5) months. There were 588 cases age from <28 days, 462 cases age from 28 days to <3 months, 302 cases age from 3 months to <1 year of age group, 156 cases in the 1-<5 years of age and 101 cases in the 5-<15 years of age. The detection rates were 38.8% (95/245) and 31.5% (70/222) of Escherichia coli and 27.8% (68/245) and 35.1% (78/222) of Streptococcus agalactiae in infants younger than 28 days of age and 28 days to 3 months of age; the detection rates of Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus agalactiae were 34.3% (61/178), 14.0% (25/178) and 13.5% (24/178) in the 3 months of age to <1 year of age group; the dominant pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae and the detection rate were 67.9% (74/109) and 44.4% (16/36) in the 1-<5 years of age and 5-<15 years of age . There were 9.7% (19/195) strains of Escherichia coli producing ultra-broad-spectrum β-lactamases. The positive rates of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture and blood culture were 32.2% (515/1 598) and 25.0% (400/1 598), while 38.2% (126/330)and 25.3% (21/83) in CSF metagenomics next generation sequencing and Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen detection. There were 4.3% (32/790) cases of which CSF white blood cell counts were normal in etiology confirmed group. Among 1 610 children with ABM, main intracranial imaging complications were subdural effusion and (or) empyema in 349 cases (21.7%), hydrocephalus in 233 cases (14.5%), brain abscess in 178 cases (11.1%), and other cerebrovascular diseases, including encephalomalacia, cerebral infarction, and encephalatrophy, in 174 cases (10.8%). Among the 166 cases (10.3%) with unfavorable outcome, 32 cases (2.0%) died among whom 24 cases died before 1 year of age, and 37 cases (2.3%) had recurrence among whom 25 cases had recurrence within 3 weeks. The incidences of subdural effusion and (or) empyema, brain abscess and ependymitis in the etiology confirmed group were significantly higher than those in the clinically diagnosed group (26.2% (207/790) vs. 17.3% (142/820), 13.0% (103/790) vs. 9.1% (75/820), 4.6% (36/790) vs. 2.7% (22/820), χ²=18.71, 6.20, 4.07, all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the unfavorable outcomes, mortility, and recurrence between these 2 groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: The onset age of ABM in children is usually within 1 year of age, especially <3 months. The common pathogens in infants <3 months of age are Escherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae, and the dominant pathogen in infant ≥3 months is Streptococcus pneumoniae. Subdural effusion and (or) empyema and hydrocephalus are common complications. ABM should not be excluded even if CSF white blood cell counts is within normal range. Standardized bacteriological examination should be paid more attention to increase the pathogenic detection rate. Non-culture CSF detection methods may facilitate the pathogenic diagnosis.
Adolescent ; Brain Abscess ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Escherichia coli ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Meningitis, Bacterial/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Streptococcus agalactiae ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Subdural Effusion ; beta-Lactamases