OBJECTIVE: To analyze the gene mutation characteristics and survival time of patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) based on next-generation sequencing(NGS) gene detection. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 92 patients with AML (non APL) admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to May 2022. AML related genes tested were using NGS, the mutation characteristics and survival time of AML patients were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 92 patients, 41 were males and 51 were females. A total of 38 types of gene mutations were detected. Six-two patients carried at least one gere mutation, while no gene mutations were detected in 30 patients. In the group with favourable prognosis (n =14), the frequencies of higher gene mutations were NRAS, KIT (21.43%, n =3), KRAS (14.29%, n =2). In the group with intermediate prognosis (n =64), the gene mutation frequencies from high to low were DNMT3A (18.75%, n =12), NPM1 (17.19%, n =11), IDH2, FLT3-ITD, CEBPA (12.50%, n =8), TET2 (10.94%, n =7). In the poor prognosis group (n =14), ASXL1, TP53, EZH2, NRAS had higher gene mutation frequency than others(14.29 %, n =2 ). Statistical analysis revealed that KIT had a relative hotspot of mutations in the intermediate-risk group, and DNMT3A had a relative hotspot of mutations in the high-risk group (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis of genes with high mutation rates in different prognostic groups, such as NRAS, KIT, IDH2, DNMT3A, NPM1, and FLT3-ITD, with prognosis found that KIT was a factor affecting OS (P < 0.05), while no significant differences were observed for the others(P >0.05). CONCLUSION The frequency of gene mutations is high in AML patients, 67.4% of the patients carried at least one gene mutation. The mutation frequency varies among different genes in patients with different karyotypes, and there are obvious dominant mutations. KIT and DNMT3A can be used as factors for evaluating the prognosis of AML.
Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics* ; Nucleophosmin ; Mutation ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Female ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Middle Aged ; DNA Methyltransferase 3A ; Adult ; Aged ; Survival Analysis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic causal relationship of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) with prostatitis, orchitis and epididymitis by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS: Using LTL as the exposure factor and prostatitis, orchitis and epididymitis as outcome factors, we mined the Database of Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Then, we analyzed the causal relationship of LTL with prostatitis, orchitis and epididymitis by Mendelian randomization using inverse variance weighting (IVW) as the main method and weighted median and MR-Egger regression as auxiliary methods, determined the horizontal multiplicity by MR-Egger intercept test, and conducted sensitivity analysis using the leaving-one-out method. RESULTS: A total of 121 related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in this study. IVW showed LTL to be a risk factor for prostatitis (OR = 1.383, 95% CI: 1.044－1.832, P = 0.024), and for orchitis and epididymitis as well (OR = 1.770, 95% CI: 1.275－2.456, P = 0.000 6). CONCLUSION Genetic evidence from Mendelian randomized analysis indicates that shortening of LTL reduces the risk of prostatitis, orchitis and epididymitis.
Humans ; Male ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Epididymitis/genetics* ; Prostatitis/genetics* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Leukocytes ; Orchitis/genetics* ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Telomere ; Risk Factors

Corticotomy is a clinical procedure to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement characterized by the regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP). Despite its therapeutic effects, the surgical risk and unclear mechanism hamper the clinical application. Numerous evidences support macrophages as the key immune cells during bone remodeling. Our study discovered that the monocyte-derived macrophages primarily exhibited a pro-inflammatory phenotype that dominated bone remodeling in corticotomy by CX3CR1^CreERT2; R26^GFP lineage tracing system. Fluorescence staining, flow cytometry analysis, and western blot determined the significantly enhanced expression of binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) and emphasized the activation of sensor activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) in macrophages. Then, we verified that macrophage specific ATF6 deletion (ATF6^f/f; CX3CR1^CreERT2 mice) decreased the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages and therefore blocked the acceleration effect of corticotomy. In contrast, macrophage ATF6 overexpression exaggerated the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement. In vitro experiments also proved that higher proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages was positively correlated with higher expression of ATF6. At the mechanism level, RNA-seq and CUT&Tag analysis demonstrated that ATF6 modulated the macrophage-orchestrated inflammation through interacting with Tnfα promotor and augmenting its transcription. Additionally, molecular docking simulation and dual-luciferase reporter system indicated the possible binding sites outside of the traditional endoplasmic reticulum-stress response element (ERSE). Taken together, ATF6 may aggravate orthodontic bone remodeling by promoting Tnfα transcription in macrophages, suggesting that ATF6 may represent a promising therapeutic target for non-invasive accelerated orthodontics.
Animals ; Mice ; Macrophages/metabolism* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics* ; Tooth Movement Techniques/methods* ; Activating Transcription Factor 6/metabolism* ; Bone Remodeling ; Flow Cytometry ; Blotting, Western

Objective Vascular dementia(VD)is a clinical syndrome caused by various cerebrovascular diseases,including ischemic,hemorrhagic,and acute and chronic hypoxic cerebrovascular diseases,leading to impaired brain function and affecting patients'cognitive ability,daily life,and work abilities.Vascular dementia is a preventable and reversible form of dementia,second only to Alzheimer's disease as the second common cause of dementia.At present,the relevant pathogenesis of vascular dementia is not clear,and there is no clear treatment method.However,its pathogenesis may be related to neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,neuronal damage and white matter lesions.Its main risk factors include genetic factors,hypercholesterolemia,diabetes,hypertension,etc.Neuroinflammatory response plays a major role in the process of secondary brain injury caused by cerebral ischemia,and inflammatory factors lead to an inflammatory cascade reaction that exacerbates damage to the nervous system.Inhibiting the inflammatory pathway and reducing the expression of inflammatory factors can improve the symptoms of vascular dementia patients and animal models,indicating that neuroinflammation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia.This article explores the effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on inflammatory factors from the perspective of summarizing relevant literature in recent years.It mainly reviews the pharmacological effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on treating vascular dementia,the relationship between inflammatory factor levels and vascular dementia,and the prevention and treatment of vascular dementia by regulating inflammatory factor levels.

Background Agitated behaviour in male patients with schizophrenia can lead to serious consequences for the individual and the society.Non-invasive drug delivery may help to rapidly control agitation and improve the overall patient satisfaction,but there are limited studies on the efficacy of olanzapine oral soluble film for the treatment of agitated behaviour in patients with schizophrenia.Objective To compare the efficacy and safety profile of olanzapine oral soluble film versus intramuscular haloperidol against agitated behaviour in male patients with schizophrenia,so as to provide a reference for the treatment of agitated behaviour.Methods From May 2022 to July 2023,a consecutive sample of schizophrenic patients(n=44)with agitated behaviour who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,fifth edition(DSM-5)were recruited in the male psychiatric closed ward of the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang.Patients were assigned into two groups using the random number table method,each with 22 cases.Study group was treated with olanzapine oral soluble film 10 mg/d,while control group was given intramuscular haloperidol 8 mg/d.The severity of agitated behaviour was determined using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Excited Component(PANSS-EC)and Agitation Calmness Evaluation Scale(ACES)at the baseline and after 6 h of drug administration.The treatment response rate was calculated based on the reduction of PANSS-EC score,and the drug side effects were assessed using Rating Scale for Extrapyramidal Side Effects(RSESE)and Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS)after 6 h of drug administration.Results After 6 h of drug administration,no statistical difference was reported in PANSS-EC score and ACES score between two groups(F=0.039,0.082,P>0.05),and the treatment response rate yielded no statistical difference between two groups(χ2=0.419,P=0.517),while study group reported a lower incidence rate of adverse reactions compared with control group,with statistically significant difference(P=0.031).BARS scores noted no statistical significant difference between two groups(t=0.587,P=0.561),whereas study group scored lower on RSES compared to control group,with a statistical difference(t=-7.367,P<0.01).Conclusion In the treatment of agitation in male patients with schizophrenia,the efficacy of olanzapine oral soluble film is comparable to that of intramuscular haloperidol,while the safety profile of the former is superior to that of the latter.

AIM To investigate the influencing factors in scale-up of extraction process for Yunpi Xiaoshi Prescription.METHODS HPLC was adopted in the content determination of catechin,ferulic acid,taxifolin,isovitexin,narirutin,atractylenolideⅡ,naringin,morin,hesperidin,luteolin,hederagenin,atractylenolideⅠ,naringenin and hesperetin,the fingerprints were established,after which the effects of container volume,optimal fire and feeding quantity on the contents of various constituents were evaluated.RESULTS Fifteen batches of samples demonstrated the similarities of more than 0.995.Fourteen constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r>0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 96.4%-103.3%with the RSDs of 0.5%-2.7%.The influencing degree of optimal fire was greater than that of container volume and feeding quantity.CONCLUSION The combination of multi-component content determination and fingerprints can provide data basis and theoretical reference for the technology of consistency evaluation in scale-up of extraction process for Yunpi Xiaoshi Prescription.

Animals ; Macaca mulatta ; Optic Disk ; Glaucoma ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Intraocular Pressure ; Low Tension Glaucoma

Objective To investigate the attributable risk(AR)of Acinetobacter baumannii(AB)infection in criti-cally ill patients.Methods A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted among adult patients in inten-sive care unit(ICU).Patients with AB isolated from sterile body fluid and confirmed with AB infection in each cen-ter were selected as the infected group.According to the matching criteria that patients should be from the same pe-riod,in the same ICU,as well as with similar APACHE Ⅱ score(±5 points)and primary diagnosis,patients who did not infect with AB were selected as the non-infected group in a 1:2 ratio.The AR was calculated.Results The in-hospital mortality of patients with AB infection in sterile body fluid was 33.3％,and that of non-infected group was 23.1％,with no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P=0.069).The AR was 10.2％(95％CI:-2.3％-22.8％).There is no statistically significant difference in mortality between non-infected pa-tients and infected patients from whose blood,cerebrospinal fluid and other specimen sources AB were isolated(P＞0.05).After infected with AB,critically ill patients with the major diagnosis of pulmonary infection had the high-est AR.There was no statistically significant difference in mortality between patients in the infected and non-infec-ted groups(P＞0.05),or between other diagnostic classifications.Conclusion The prognosis of AB infection in critically ill patients is highly overestimated,but active healthcare-associated infection control for AB in the ICU should still be carried out.

Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy is currently the most commonly used surgical procedure for right-sided colon cancer. Although this procedure is maturing in terms of key tech-niques such as the extent of surgical resection, the extent of lymph node dissection, and the recons-truction of digestive tract, it still lacks a standardized surgical procedure and quality control system. In the pre-preparation phase of the COLOR Ⅳ study (an international, multicenter, randomized contro-lled trail comparing the efficacy of intracorporeal anastomosis versus extracorporeal anasto-mosis in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for right-sided colon cancer), the research team of the authors formulates a standardized procedure for laparoscopic right hemicolectomy based on the Delphi survey, and develops a competency assessment tool for surgical ability and quality. Attempts are being made to automate the evaluation of surgical techniques using artificial intelligence. It is hoped that the above work will help colorectal surgeons to standardize surgical operations and reduce complications, provide support for the homogenization of multicenter clinical studies, and promote the implementation of structured training for this procedure.

Objective To construct a set of graduation internship curriculum system suitable for undergraduate students majoring in biomedical engineering to facilitate standardizing the curriculum system of biomedical engineering major.Methods An initial version of the curriculum system was established with the way of letter and the methods of questionnaire survey,Delphi,expert interview and expert brainstorming;then the initial version was adjusted and refined using 2 rounds of expert consultation to form a set of curriculum system for graduation internship for undergraduate students majoring in biomedical engineering,and the curriculum system was validated.Results The curriculum system included 5 first-level catalogs,11 second-level catalogs and 39 third-level catalogs;the 36 third-level catalogs had a curriculum compliance rate of 0.85 to 0.97.Conclusion The curriculum system constructed can be used for graduation internship of biomedical engineering undergraduates,and references are provided for developing standardized and generally applicable graduation internship curriculum system for biomedical engineering undergraduates.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(9):89-94]