Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression.Methods An open,single-arm,multi-center design was adopted in our study.Adult patients with mild and moderate depression who had received acute treatment of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides were enrolled and continue to receive Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules for 24 weeks,the dose remained unchanged during continuation treatment.The remission rate,recurrence rate,recurrence time,and the change from baseline to endpoint of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Clinical Global Impression-Severity(CGI-S)and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale(ASEX)were evaluated.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was reported.Results The scores of HAMD-17 at baseline and after treatment were 6.60±1.87 and 5.85±4.18,scores of HAMA were 6.36±3.02 and 4.93±3.09,scores of CGI-S were 1.49±0.56 and 1.29±0.81,scores of ASEX were 15.92±4.72 and 15.57±5.26,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After continuation treatment,the remission rate was 54.59％(202 cases/370 cases),and the recurrence rate was 6.49％(24 cases/370 cases),the recurrence time was(64.67±42.47)days.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 15.35％(64 cases/417 cases).Conclusion Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules can be effectively used for the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression,and are well tolerated and safe.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and one of the deadliest cancers worldwide.According to the distribution of tumor tissue,breast cancer can be divided into invasive and non-invasive forms.The cancer cells in invasive breast cancer pass through the breast and through the immune system or systemic circulation to different parts of the body,forming metastatic breast cancer.Drug resistance and distant metastasis are the main causes of death from breast cancer.Research on breast cancer has attracted extensive attention from researchers.In vitro construction of tumor models by tissue engineering methods is a common tool for studying cancer mechanisms and anticancer drug screening.The tumor microenvironment consists of cancer cells and various types of stromal cells,including fibroblasts,endothelial cells,mesenchymal cells,and immune cells embedded in the extracellular matrix.The extracellular matrix contains fibrin proteins(such as types Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅵ,and Ⅹcollagen and elastin)and glycoproteins(such as proteoglycan,laminin,and fibronectin),which are involved in cell signaling and binding of growth factors.The current traditional two-dimensional(2D)tumor models are limited by the growth environment and often cannot accurately reproduce the heterogeneity and complexity of tumor tissues in vivo.Therefore,in recent years,research on three-dimensional(3D)tumor models has gradually increased,especially 3D bioprinting models with high precision and repeatability.Compared with a 2D model,the 3D environment can better simulate the complex extracellular matrix components and structures in the tumor microenvironment.Three-dimensional models are often used as a bridge between 2D cellular level experiments and animal experiments.Acellular matrix,gelatin,sodium alginate,and other natural materials are widely used in the construction of tumor models because of their excellent biocompatibility and non-immune rejection.Here,we review various natural scaffold materials and construction methods involved in 3D tissue-engineered tumor models,as a reference for research in the field of breast cancer.

Objective To analyze the atrioventricular synchronization rate after implantation of Micra AV leadless pacemaker,and the impact of postoperative programming optimization on atrioventricular synchronization rate.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted to select patients with complete atrioventricular block who underwent Micra AV leadless pacemaker implantation at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from August 2022 to June 2023.Programming optimization were performed at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months postoperatively,and atrioventricular synchronization rate,electrical parameters,and echocardiography were recorded.Results A total of 68 patients with complete atrioventricular block implanted with Micra AV were selected,with an average age of(68.2±9.7)years,including 47 males(69.1％).All patients were successfully implanted with Micra AV,and there were no serious postoperative complications;The average threshold,sense,and impedance parameters were stable during 1 week,1 month,and 3 months after the procedure;There was no significant difference in the EF value of postoperative echocardiography(P=0.162);The average atrioventricular synchronization rates at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months postoperatively were(75.2％vs.83.8％vs.91.6％,P=0.001).Conclusions As an mechanical atrial sensing,Micra AV requires personalized adjustment of relevant parameters;Postoperative follow-up programming optimization plays an important role in the atrioventricular synchronization and comfort level in patients with complete atrioventricular block after implantation of Micra AV leadless pacemaker.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To study the economic burden caused by healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in patients with hemorrhagic stroke.Methods Patients with hemorrhagic stroke in a tertiary first-class hospital from January 1,2021 to December 31,2022 were surveyed retrospectively.Data on demographic characteristics,clinical informa-tion,and hospitalization expenses were collected.According to the occurrence of HAI,patients were divided into the HAI group and control group.The length of hospital stay,increase in hospitalization expense,and hospital eco-nomic burden of the HAI group and control group were studied by propensity score matching(PSM)method and generalized linear model method.Results A total of 688 patients were included in the study,with 266 cases experi-encing HAI and a HAI incidence of 38.66％.After propensity score matching,199 patients in the HAI group were successfully matched.Compared with the control group,the median length of hospital stay in the HAI group doub-led,increasing by 16 days(Z=11.779,P＜0.001);the median hospitalization expense increased by 34 597.42 Yuan,with an increase of 85％(Z=6.299,P＜0.001).Based on the generalized linear model method,length of hospital days attributed to HAI increased by 1.24 times,hospitalization expense increased by 76％(both P＜0.001).Except surgical expenses,the HAI group had higher single medical expenses than the control group(all P＜0.05).Economic burden to hospital caused by HAI was 541 900 Yuan.Conclusion HAI significantly increases the economic burden of hemorrhagic stroke patients and hospitals,and prolongs the length of hospital stay.Clinical staff should enhance the awareness on infection control,reduce the incidence of HAI,and save medical resources.

Cardiac cephalalgia is a rare disease caused by underlying coronary artery disease that presents as headache with or without chest symptoms.Headache symptoms are often caused by referred pain,increased intracranial pressure and release of large amounts of pain-causing neurochemicals due to myocardial ischemia,and cortical hypoperfusion.Due to the low overall prevalence of the disease,the lack of chest pain typical of coronary heart disease,and the fact that it may be difficult to distinguish from headaches caused by neurological diseases,accurate diagnosis and treatment of the disease are often delayed.We report a case of acute coronary syndrome with headache only.Revascularization was achieved through percutaneous coronary intervention therapy,followed by standard secondary prevention pharmacotherapy.Follow-up six months postoperatively showed a significant improvement in exercise tolerance,with no further headache episodes.The purpose is to improve the understanding of patients with cardiac cephalalgia,with a view to early identification and timely intervention,and ultimately improve the symptoms and prognosis.

AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of 3′-hydroxy-puerarin,hydroxysafflor yellow A,puerarin,puerarin apigenin,3′-methoxypuerarin,daidzein,stilbene glycoside,luteolin side,genistein side,luteolin B and rosmarinic acid in Naomaitai Capsules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 30℃ thermostatic Kromasil C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-water(containing 1.0 g/L phosphoric acid)flowing at 0.8 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 280 nm.Subsequently,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were made.RESULTS Twelve components showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r＞0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 97.00%-99.00% with the RSDs of 0.86%-1.82% .Ten batches of samples were clustered into four categories,the accumulative variance contribution rate of four principal components reached 86.262% .CONCLUSION This simple,stable,reliable and accurate method can be used for the quality control of Naomaitai Capsules.

Objective: To analyze the association between exposure patterns of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and anxiety symptom trajectories in medical college students. Methods: A survey was conducted on first-year students from Anhui Medical College and Anqing Medical College, using the Childhood Abuse Questionnaire, Family Disability Questionnaire, Childhood Adverse Social Experience Item, and Anxiety Self Rating Scale. The baseline survey was conducted from November to December 2019, and two follow-up visits were conducted once every six months until November to December 2020. The latent class analysis (LCA) was used to analyze the exposure patterns of ACEs. The latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was used to analyze the development trajectory of anxiety symptoms. The multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between different exposure patterns of ACEs and the trajectory of anxiety symptom trajectories. Results: A total of 3 662 college students aged (19.2±1.0) were surveyed. The LCA showed that the exposure patterns of ACEs could be divided into the "high ACEs" group (13.4%), "high neglect/emotional abuse" group (25.7%), "high family dysfunction" group (6.9%), "high neglect" group (27.1%), and "low ACEs" group (26.3%). The LCGA divided anxiety trajectories into four groups: "high anxiety decline" (7.1%),"anxiety increase "(4.1%), "moderate anxiety"(52.9%), and "low anxiety"(35.9%). Using the low ACEs group as a reference group, compared with the low anxiety trajectory, the high ACEs group, high neglect/emotional abuse group, high family dysfunction group, high neglect group, and medium to high-level anxiety trajectory were all associated with an increased risk (P<0.05). Conclusion: There is heterogeneity in ACEs exposure patterns among medical college students, and ACEs exposure patterns are important influencing factors for anxiety symptom trajectories.
Humans ; Adverse Childhood Experiences ; Anxiety/epidemiology* ; Child Abuse/psychology* ; Students/psychology* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Adolescent ; Young Adult

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, including lung cancer. However, the exact underlying mechanism and therapeutic potential are largely unknown. Here we report that protein arginine methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) is highly expressed in lung cancer and is required for cell metabolism, tumorigenicity, and cisplatin response of lung cancer. PRMT6 regulated the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux and glycolysis pathway in human lung cancer by increasing the activity of 6-phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and α-enolase (ENO1). Furthermore, PRMT6 methylated R324 of 6PGD to enhancing its activity; while methylation at R9 and R372 of ENO1 promotes formation of active ENO1 dimers and 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG) binding to ENO1, respectively. Lastly, targeting PRMT6 blocked the oxidative PPP flux, glycolysis pathway, and tumor growth, as well as enhanced the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin in lung cancer. Together, this study demonstrates that PRMT6 acts as a post-translational modification (PTM) regulator of glucose metabolism, which leads to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. It was proven that the PRMT6-6PGD/ENO1 regulatory axis is an important determinant of carcinogenesis and may become a promising cancer therapeutic strategy.

Objective: This cross-sectional investigation aimed to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, prognosis, and related risk factors of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain in mainland China. Methods: Data of patients with SARS-CoV-2 from December 28, 2022, to February 21, 2023, were collected through online and offline questionnaires from 45 tertiary hospitals and one center for disease control and prevention in mainland China. The questionnaire included demographic information, previous health history, smoking and alcohol drinking, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, olfactory and gustatory function before and after infection, other symptoms after infection, as well as the duration and improvement of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The self-reported olfactory and gustatory functions of patients were evaluated using the Olfactory VAS scale and Gustatory VAS scale. Results: A total of 35 566 valid questionnaires were obtained, revealing a high incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain (67.75%). Females(χ2=367.013, P<0.001) and young people(χ2=120.210, P<0.001) were more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Gender(OR=1.564, 95%CI: 1.487-1.645), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), oral health status (OR=0.881, 95%CI: 0.839-0.926), smoking history (OR=1.152, 95%CI=1.080-1.229), and drinking history (OR=0.854, 95%CI: 0.785-0.928) were correlated with the occurrence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2(above P<0.001). 44.62% (4 391/9 840) of the patients who had not recovered their sense of smell and taste also suffered from nasal congestion, runny nose, and 32.62% (3 210/9 840) suffered from dry mouth and sore throat. The improvement of olfactory and taste functions was correlated with the persistence of accompanying symptoms(χ2=10.873, P=0.001). The average score of olfactory and taste VAS scale was 8.41 and 8.51 respectively before SARS-CoV-2 infection, but decreased to3.69 and 4.29 respectively after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and recovered to 5.83and 6.55 respectively at the time of the survey. The median duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions was 15 days and 12 days, respectively, with 0.5% (121/24 096) of patients experiencing these dysfunctions for more than 28 days. The overall self-reported improvement rate of smell and taste dysfunctions was 59.16% (14 256/24 096). Gender(OR=0.893, 95%CI: 0.839-0.951), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), history of head and facial trauma(OR=1.180, 95%CI: 1.036-1.344, P=0.013), nose (OR=1.104, 95%CI: 1.042-1.171, P=0.001) and oral (OR=1.162, 95%CI: 1.096-1.233) health status, smoking history(OR=0.765, 95%CI: 0.709-0.825), and the persistence of accompanying symptoms (OR=0.359, 95%CI: 0.332-0.388) were correlated with the recovery of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2 (above P<0.001 except for the indicated values). Conclusion: The incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain is high in mainland China, with females and young people more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Active and effective intervention measures may be required for cases that persist for a long time. The recovery of olfactory and taste functions is influenced by several factors, including gender, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status, history of head and facial trauma, nasal and oral health status, smoking history, and persistence of accompanying symptoms.
Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Smell ; COVID-19/complications* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Incidence ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology* ; Taste Disorders/etiology* ; Prognosis