Objective To explore the safety of minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) with three-field lymphadenectomy (3-FL) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by comparing the short-term outcomes between the 3-FL and the two-field lymphadenectomy (2-FL) in MIE. Methods The clinical data of patients with ESCC who underwent minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy in our hospital from July 2015 to March 2022 were collected retrospectively. Patients were divided into a 3-FL group and a 2-FL group according to lymph node dissection method. And the clinical outcomes and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 257 patients with ESCC were included in this study. There were 211 males and 46 females with an average age of 62.2±8.1 years. There were 109 patients in the 3-FL group and 148 patients in the 2-FL group. The operation time of the 3-FL group was about 20 minutes longer than that of the 2-FL group (P<0.001). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the intraoperatve blood loss (P=0.376). More lymph nodes (P<0.001) and also more positive lymph nodes (P=0.003) were obtained in the 3-FL group than in the 2-FL group, and there was a statistical difference in the pathological N stage between the two groups (P<0.001). But there was no statistical difference in the incidence of anastomotic leak (P=0.667), chyle leak (P=0.421), recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (P=0.081), pulmonary complications (P=0.601), pneumonia (P=0.061), cardiac complications (P=0.383), overall complications (P=0.147) or Clavien-Dindo grading (P=0.152) between the two groups. Conclusion MIE 3-FL can improve the efficiency of lymph node dissection and the accuracy of tumor lymph node staging, but it does not increase the postoperative complications, which is worthy of clinical application.

OBJECTIVE To characterize paclitaxel nanoparticles （PTX-PLGA-NPs） and evaluate their in vitro inhibitory effect on Lewis lung cancer cells. METHODS The PTX-PLGA-NPs prepared by the emulsion-solvent evaporation method were characterized in terms of particle size， polydispersity index （PDI）， Zeta potential， microscopic morphology， encapsulation efficiency， drug loading， ultraviolet-visible absorption characteristics and stability. Using mouse Lewis lung cancer cells as the subjects and paclitaxel reference substance as the control， the cytotoxicity and in vitro killing activity of PTX-PLGA-NPs were detected using CCK-8 method and Calcein-AM/PI double staining method， respectively. The effects of PTX-PLGA-NPs on cell apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed by Annexin Ⅴ-FITC/PI staining method and PI staining method， respectively. RESULTS PTX-PLGA-NPs were spherical with an average particle size of （172.03±0.95） nm， PDI of 0.098±0.012， and Zeta potential of （－1.76±0.02） mV. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading were （52.32±0.66）% and （7.07±0.18）%， respectively， and the ultraviolet-visible absorption characteristics were not affected by the carrier polylactic-co-glycolic acid. When stored in the dark at 4 °C for 7 days， no significant change was noted in particle size， and the average PDI （after 1， 2， 4 and 7 days of storage） was under 0.3. Compared with the paclitaxel reference substance group， the PTX-PLGA-NPs group had more cells in a state of death， the survival rate （at the PTX concentration of 11.2 μg/mL） was significantly decreased， and both the apoptosis rate and the proportion of G2 phase cells were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The prepared PTX-PLGA-NPs indicate homogeneity in particle size， uniform dispersion， stable properties， and stronger in vitro killing effect on lung cancer cells than PTX.

ObjectiveTo establish a high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） fingerprint of Yanghetang benchmark sample， and evaluate its quality with chemometric methods， so as to provide a reference for the quality control of this benchmark sample. MethodHPLC was used to establish the fingerprint of Yanghetang benchmark sample with ZORBAX SB-C₁₈ column（4.6 mm×250 mm， 5 μm）， the mobile phase was consisted of acetonitrile（A） -0.05% phosphoric acid aqueous solution （containing 0.05% triethylamine solution）（B） for gradient elution（0-5 min， 2%-3%A； 5-15 min， 3%-5%A； 15-65 min， 5%-30%A； 65-90 min， 30%-70%A）， the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min^-1， the column temperature was 35 ℃， and the detection wavelength was 210， 260 nm. Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM） Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System （2012 edition） combined with cluster analysis， principal component analysis（PCA） and partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA） were used to evaluate the quality differences between different batches of Yanghetang benchmark samples， and to find the main chemical components responsible for the quality differences. ResultHPLC fingerprint of Yanghetang benchmark sample was established， 13 common peaks were identified and attributed to each common peak， including peaks 2 and 8 from Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata， peaks 10 and 11 from Cinnamomi Cortex， peaks 1， 3-6 from fried Sinapis Semen， peak 13 from Ephedrae Herba， and peaks 7， 9， 12 from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Eight of them were identified by comparing with control substance， which were 5-hydroxymethylfurfural（peak 2）， sinapine thiocyanate（peak 4）， glycyrrhizin（peak 7）， verbascoside（peak 8）， cinnamic acid（peak 10）， cinnamaldehyde（peak 11）， glycyrrhizic acid（peak 12） and ephedrine hydrochloride（peak 13）. The similarities of the HPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of Yanghetang benchmark samples with the control fingerprint were all greater than 0.80. The three chemometric methods could classify the samples into two categories. Eight differential components were screened out， among which 5-hydroxymethylfurfural， sinapine thiocyanate， verbascoside and ephedrine hydrochloride were identified. ConclusionThe established fingerprint analysis method is accurate， stable and reproducible， which basically reflects the overall chemical composition of Yanghetang benchmark sample， and can provide a basis for establishment of quality standards for compound preparations of this famous classical formula.

OBJECTIVE To design paclitaxel prodrug nanoparticles with dual reactive oxygen species/glutathione response (ProPTX-SS-NPs), providing new ideas and methods for the application of paclitaxel. METHODS The optimal preparation method and process of prodrug nanoparticles was investigated by using particle size and PDI as indicators; the morphology of prodrug nanoparticles was observed through electron microscopy and their particle size, potential, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading capacity, etc were investigated; the in vitro release characteristics of nanoparticles in reactive oxygen species and glutathione environments were investigated; the in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of prodrug nanoparticles were investigated through cell experiments. RESULTS The nano particle size prepared by the optimal process was (130.20±2.18)nm, with the PDI of 0.12±0.01, the Zeta potential of (-8.45±0.01)mV, the drug load of (10.27±1.36)%, and the encapsulation rate of (93.22±2.20)%. The prodrug nanoparticles showed reactive oxygen species and glutathione dual responsive release ability, and could significantly inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7, HepG2, and MDA-MB-231. Its inhibitory effect on MDA-MB-231 cells was the most significant. The IC50 of prodrug nanoparticles on MDA-MB-231 cells was (0.71±0.11)μmol·L, while the IC50of PTX was (22.38±3.27)μmol·L. CONCLUSION ProPTX-SS-NPs have excellent tumor microenvironment response performance and significant anti-tumor activity, which is a highly potential and promising anti-tumor nanosystem.

AIM: To study the inhibitory effect of Xihuang Pill on H

Objective TodiscusstheevaluationeffectivenessofADCofMR DWIinneoadjuvantchemotherapy (NAC).Methods ThirtyGninepatientswithlocallyadvancedbreastcancerwereenrolledinthisstudy.Allthesepatientswerediagnosedbypuncture biopsyandtreatedwithNAC.DWIwasperformedbeforechemotherapyandafter4cyclesofchemotherapyrespectively.Radicalresectionof breastcancerwasperformedwithinoneweekaftertheendof4cyclesofNAC.Accordingtotheclinicalefficacyorpathologicalresponse,the changesoftumorvolumeandtumorcelldensitybeforeandafterchemotherapyweremeasured.Theresponseoftumorwasdividedas clinicallyeffective,completeremission (CR)+partialremission(PR)andclinicalineffectiveness,stabilizationdisease(SD)+progression disease(PD)ormajorhistologicalresponse (MHR)andnonGmajorhistologicalresponse (NMHR),respectively.Toevaluatethe practicalutilityofneoadjuvantchemotherapy,theADCvaluesweremeasuredinallgroupsandanalyzedstatistically.Results Before NAC,therewasnosignificantdifferenceinADCvaluebetweenCR+PR (0.96±0.22)andSD+PD (0.93±0.14)orMHR (1.05±0.22), NMHR (0.99±0.14).TheratiosofCR+PRand MHR were56.4%and66.7%respectivelyattheendoftreatment,andtheADC valuesinallpatientswerehigherthanthatbeforechemotherapy.However,Therewasnosignificantdifferencebeforeandafterchemotherapy intheSD+PD (1.02±0.19)andNMHR (1.08±0.20)groups (P＞0.05),whileCR+PR (1.47±0.16)and MHR (1.62+0.13) groupsweresignificantlydifferentbeforeandafterchemotherapy(P＜0.05).Therateoftumorvolumechangewaspositivelycorrelated withΔADC (r＝0.539,P＜0.05).Conclusion TheADCvalue canbeusedtoevaluatethevolumeandpathologicalgradeof tumorafterNACbasedon MRIplainscananddynamicscan, whichishelpfulfortimelyandeffectivepredictiveevaluationof chemotherapyeffect.ADCvaluecanbeusedasearlyevaluationofNACforbreastcancerandprognosticindicators.

Objective To investigate the disease types incurring poverty, patient population layout, and cost burden by poor households due to illness. Methods During the time August 17-24,2017, App questionnaires were used onsite for data survey at 2 824 poor hourseholds in Nanyang city of Henan province, in order to learn the impacts of the poverty-causing diseases on the labor capacity of the patients and the cost burdens. Such methods as descriptive analysis, rank sum test and correlation analysis were used for data analysis. Results The survey found that 61.79 percent(1 745 households) of the poor households turned poor by illness, most of them aged 40 to 60 years old. The ten disease categories, namely cerebrovascular diseases, malignant tumor, ischemic heart diseases and mental diseases, constitute top disease causes of poverty. These diseases significantly damage their labor capacity, up to 37.67% of them totally disabled. The self-paid expenses of the patients per year accounted for 57.22% of the total annual expenses. Conclusions Medical insurance policies need to elevate the scope and efforts of medical compensation;public health services need to improve health promotion and health education; government supervision needs to be enhanced to keep minimizing patients′disease burdens.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship among perceived organizational support,job burnout and depressive tendency in nursing staffs. METHODS: A total of 807 nurses from 7 municipal hospitals in Zhengzhou City,Henan Province were selected as the study subjects by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The questionnaires of Perceived Organizational Support,Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and Center for Epidemiological Survey-Depression Scale were used to conduct the survey. RESULTS: The total scores of perceived organizational support and job burnout were( 69. 3 ± 18. 5) and( 36. 3 ± 13. 7) respectively. The median of the total score of depression tendency was 17. 00. The total score of nurses' perceived organizational support was negatively correlated with the total scores of job burnout and depression tendency( P < 0. 01). The total score of job burnout was positively correlated with the total score of depression tendency( P < 0. 01). The degree of explanations for the change of perceived organizational support and job burnout on depression tendency were 9. 1% and 13. 1%,respectively. CONCLUSION: Perceived organizational support and job burnout play important roles in predicting depression tendency. Job burnout plays a mediating role in the relationship between perceived organizational support and depression tendency.

This study was aimed to search anti-platelet aggregation effectors from Gardenia jasminoides extract with the employment of platelet affinity extraction method coupled with HPLC, in order to provide pharmacological experi-mental evidences of the selected effectors to verify its feasibility. Under physiological conditions, washed rat platelets were added into G. jasminoides extract and then a mixture was gained. Consequently, some components from G. jas-minoides extract were combined to the platelets in the mixture while some were not owing to their special chemical structures and properties. Firstly, the uncombined components were washed off from the mixture. Secondly, the com-bined components in the leftover was washed down and collected, respectively, right after destroying the occupied platelets' structures. Thirdly, different collected eluents were analyzed, respectively, by HPLC established in the pre-vious work to search the effectors. Fourthly, pharmacological experiments were implemented for confirmation. The re-sults showed that dominant effective components from G. jasminoides extract acting on anti-platelet aggregation were identified as geniposide. Further evident was provided as well by pharmacological experiment that geniposide exhibit-ed significant inhibitory effect on anti-platelet aggregation in rats induced by ADP, rat tail collagen and thrombin(P< 0.01). It was concluded that the platelet affinity extraction-HPLC method proposed in this paper can be utilized to analyze the correlation of effectors from G. jasminoides extract and its pharmacological effects. Moreover, there are some correlations between screened chemical substances and their pharmacological effects.

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for determination of geniposide in Beagle dogs plasma by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and study the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of geniposide in Beagle dogs after oral administration Xingnaojing.

METHODTo determine the geniposide in Beagle dogs plasma by HPLC after oral administration or intravenous injection Xingnaojing, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the software of Kinetica.

RESULTThe good linearity range of geniposide was 1.24 - 158.88 mg x L(-1). The main pharmacokinetic parameters after oral administration was as follows: Cmax (11.8 +/- 0.6) mg x L(-1), Tmax (52.0 +/- 4.5) min, AUC(1280.8 +/- 172.0) mg x min x L(-1), MRT(118.7 +/- 25.4) min, and these parameters after intravenous injection was follows: Cmax 107.4 +/- 6.3) mg x L(-1), AUC(7930.1 +/- 670.0) mg x min x L(-1), MRT(92.4 +/- 5.1) min. The bioavailability of geniposide in Beagle dogs after oral administration Xingnaojing was (6.46 +/- 0.87)%.

CONCLUSIONThe HPLC method had good applicability. The extract recovery, method recovery, intra-day precision and inter-day precision of the method were all met the requirements. The stability in conditions of room temperature and freeze-thaw cycle was good. The results indicated that the oral administration bioavailability of geniposide was in low degree.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Biological Availability ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Dogs ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Iridoids ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics