Objective To investigate the population density and seasonal fluctuations of Aedes albopictus in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, from 2021 to 2023, so as to provide insights into A. albopictus control and management of dengue fever. Methods The surveillance of A. albopictus density was performed in all surveillance sites assigned across all streets (townships) in Guangzhou City during the period from January to December from 2021 to 2023. The surveillance frequency was twice every half month from May to September, and once every month for the rest of a year. In each surveillance period, A. albopictus mosquito larvae were captured from indoor and outdoor small water containers in residential areas, parks, medical facilities, schools, other government sectors and social organizations, construction sites, special industries and others for mosquito species identification. Adult mosquitoes were captured using electric mosquito suction apparatus for species identification and gender classification. Adult mosquitoes and mosquito eggs were collected with mosquito and egg traps at the breeding and dwelling places of Aedes mosquitoes for identification. The mosquito oviposition index (MOI), Breteau index (BI), adult mosquito density index (ADI) and standard space index (SSI) were calculated. The A. albopictus density was classified into grades 0, 1, 2 and 3 in each surveillance site, with Grade 0 density defined eligible, and the eligible rate of A. albopictus density was calculated at all surveillance sites each year from 2021 to 2023. In addition, the changing trends in MOI, SSI, BI and ADI of A. albopictus were analyzed in Guangzhou City from 2021 to 2023. Results The eligible rates of A. albopictus density were 61.69%, 68.75% and 55.15% in surveillance sites of Guangzhou City from 2021 to 2023 (χ² = 297.712, P < 0.001), and appeared a tendency towards a reduction followed by a rise each year, which gradually reduced since January, maintained at a low level during the period between May and October, and gradually increased from November to December. The MOI, SSI, BI and ADI of A. albopictus all appeared a tendency towards a rise followed by a reduction in Guangzhou City during the period between January and December from 2021 to 2023. The BI of A. albopictus peaked in the first half of June in 2021 (4.03), the first half of July in 2022 (3.89) and the last half of August in 2023 (5.02), and the SSI of A. albopictus peaked in the last half of June in 2021 (0.93), the last half of May in 2022 (0.59), and the last half of June (0.94) and the first half of September in 2023 (1.12). In addition, the MOI of A. albopictus peaked in the first half of May in 2021 (8.64), the first half of June in 2022 (8.96), and the last half of May (10.21) and the last half of June in 2023 (10.89), and the ADI of A. albopictus peaked in the first half of June in 2021 (3.41), the last half of June in 2022 (4.06), and the first half of July in 2023 (3.61). Conclusions The density of A. albopictus is high in Guangzhou City during the period from May to October, and the risk of local outbreak caused by imported dengue fever is high. Persistent intensified surveillance of the density and seasonal fluctuation of A. albopictus is recommended and timely mosquito prevention and control is required according to the fluctuation in the A. albopictus density.

Objective:To explore the application and potential optimization of the collaborative and competitive learning model in the Health Education course. Methods:Undergraduate medical students participating in Health Education course practice tasks were selected to conduct discussions and reach consensus according to research objectives based on the e fast anonymous consensus-forming tool (eFAST). The meeting records were analyzed for theme identification using the keyword classification method. Results:Nine medical students participated in eFAST discussions. The students considered the following five aspects as the most important for undertaking Health Education course practice tasks using the collaborative and competitive learning model: timely communication, problem evaluation, report content enrichment, reasonable task allocation within groups, and task topic selection by group members together. They also proposed suggestions on improvement of the assessment method, including teacher involvement in scoring, intra-group scoring based on inter-group scoring, all students participating in inter-group scoring, and using mobile applications for scoring and summarization. Conclusions:The collaborative and competitive learning model can be used in the teaching of Health Education, but further optimization is needed in course task design, implementation, reporting, and assessment.

Objective:To analyze the correlation between Cutibacterium acnes (C. acne) ribotypes (RTs) on the skin surface and epidermal barrier function in patients with acne vulgaris.Methods:Sixty patients with acne vulgaris were enrolled in this prospective study from the Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from November 2018 to May 2019, including 23 males and 37 females, aged (21.6±2.6) years. According to the General Acne Grading System (GAGS) score, the patients were divided into three groups: 28 mild cases, 14 moderate cases, and 18 severe or above cases. Twenty healthy controls aged 18 to 30 years were recruited in the same period from the community, including 5 males and 15 females, aged (24.2±2.3) years. The VISIA skin testing device was used to detect the percentage of red areas and porphyrins on the facial skin of all subjects. The hydration of the stratum corneum (SCH), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), PH value and the skin surface sebum level on the facial skin were detected by CK system. The RTs of C. acne were further analyzed based on the 16s rDNA sequences. The correlation between the abundance of each RT and epidermal barrier function was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis.Results:Compared with the healthy controls, the percentage of porphyrins [(41.69±23.10) % vs (61.33±24.27) %, t=2.98, P<0.01] and the percentage of red area [(26.71±17.13) % vs (67.97±15.22) %, t=10.78, P<0.01] decreased in the acne vulgaris patients. Meanwhile, the patients of different severity levels had decreased SCH ( P<0.01), but increased TEWL, pH value, and the skin surface sebum level ( P<0.05) compared to healthy controls. Six different RTs (RT1, RT2, RT7, RT12, RT13 and RT14) were found in both healthy controls and acne vulgaris patients with varying degrees of severity, while there was no statistically significant difference of C. acne abundance between the mild patients and the controls ( P>0.05). As the severity of disease increased, the abundance of the above RTs showed a changing trend, with the gradually decreasing abundance of RT1 and the gradually increasing abundance of RT2, RT7, RT12, RT13, and RT14 (all P<0.05). The abundance of RT1 was negatively correlated with pH value ( r=-0.33, P=0.04) and GAGS score ( r=-0.39, P=0.01). The abundance of RT2 ( r=0.39, P=0.02) and RT7 ( r=0.39, P=0.01) were positively correlated with GAGS score. The abundance of RT13 was negatively correlated with SCH ( r=-0.34, P=0.02) and positively correlated with TEWL ( r=0.30, P=0.05). Conclusions:As the severity of disease increases, the abundance of various RTs of C. acne on the skin surface of acne vulgaris patients shows a trend of gradually increasing or decreasing, and the abundance of differential RTs of C. acne is closely related to the function of the epidermal barrier.

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between the storage time of leukodepleted red blood cells and transfusion adverse reactions by analyzing the occurrence of transfusion adverse reactions of patients after leukodepleted red blood cells transfusion from four hospitals. 【Methods】 By using the electronic medical record management system, the collection and transfusion dates of leukodepleted red blood cells from four hospitals in Enshi Prefecture from 2018 to 2022, as well as the information on transfusion adverse reactions, were retrieved. 【Results】 From 2018 to 2022, a total of 697 61 bags of leukodepleted red blood cells were transfused in four hospitals, resulting in 166 cases of transfusion adverse reactions, among which 93 were allergic reactions, 63 were non hemolytic febrile reactions, and 10 were others, with a total incidence rate of transfusion adverse reactions at 0.24%. The average storage time of leukodepleted red blood cells with and without transfusion adverse reactions was (20.25±6.31) and (19.88±5.50) days, respectively. With a storage time of 7 days as the threshold, the incidence of transfusion adverse reactions was the lowest for a storage time of 15~21 days. The incidence of transfusion adverse reactions of leukodepleted red blood cells in two groups (with storage days ≤21 days and >21 days) was not statistically significant(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Allergic reactions were the main type of transfusion adverse reaction caused by leukodepleted red blood cells, and the incidence of transfusion adverse reactions decreased and then increased with the prolongation of the storage time of leukodepleted red blood cells. There was no significant difference in the incidence of transfusion adverse reactions with leukodepleted red blood cells stored for ≤ 21 days and >21 days.

The many-banded krait, Bungarus multicinctus, has been recorded as the animal resource of JinQianBaiHuaShe in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Characterization of its venoms classified chief phyla of modern animal neurotoxins. However, the evolutionary origin and diversification of its neurotoxins as well as biosynthesis of its active compounds remain largely unknown due to the lack of its high-quality genome. Here, we present the 1.58 Gbp genome of B. multicinctus assembled into 18 chromosomes with contig/scaffold N50 of 7.53 Mbp/149.8 Mbp. Major bungarotoxin-coding genes were clustered within genome by family and found to be associated with ancient local duplications. The truncation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor in the 3'-terminal of a LY6E paralog released modern three-finger toxins (3FTxs) from membrane tethering before the Colubroidea divergence. Subsequent expansion and mutations diversified and recruited these 3FTxs. After the cobra/krait divergence, the modern unit-B of β-bungarotoxin emerged with an extra cysteine residue. A subsequent point substitution in unit-A enabled the β-bungarotoxin covalent linkage. The B. multicinctus gene expression, chromatin topological organization, and histone modification characteristics were featured by transcriptome, proteome, chromatin conformation capture sequencing, and ChIP-seq. The results highlighted that venom production was under a sophisticated regulation. Our findings provide new insights into snake neurotoxin research, meanwhile will facilitate antivenom development, toxin-driven drug discovery and the quality control of JinQianBaiHuaShe.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of CD19+CD24hiCD38hi regulatory B lymphocytes and secreted cytokine interleukin-10(IL-10)in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy.Methods A total of 15 patients with gestational hypertension(the gestational hypertension group)and 11 pa-tients with preeclampsia(the preeclampsia group)admitted to this hospital from September 2020 to May 2021 were selected,and 12 normal pregnant women(the control group)were selected during the same period.Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of CD19+B lymphocytes,CD19+CD24hiCD38hi regulatory B lym-phocytes,and IL-10 in peripheral blood of three groups of pregnant women before termination of pregnancy.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of serum CD19+B lymphocytes a-mong the three groups(P＞0.05).The results of pairwise comparison showed that the percentage of serum CD19+CD24hiCD38hi regulatory B lymphocytes in the control group was higher than that in the gestational hy-pertension group,and it was higher than that in the preeclampsia group.And the differences between the con-trol group and the gestational hypertension group and the preeclampsia group were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The results of pairwise comparison showed that the serum level of IL-10 in the control group was higher than that in the gestational hypertension group,and it was higher than that in the preeclampsia group.And the difference between any two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion CD19+CD24hiCD38hi regulatory B lymphocytes and secreted IL-10 are abnormally expressed in women with hypertensive disorder complica-ting pregnancy,which may be related to the occurrence and development of gestational hypertension.

Objective:To evaluate the usability of gamification coronary heart disease health management platform based on WeChat, so as to provide support for self-management of coronary heart disease patients.Methods:From November to December 2022, 10 patients with coronary heart disease who were treated at Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were selected using convenience sampling. The research subjects registered for the health management platform by scanning the QR code and underwent a 2-month trial experience. Two months later, researchers collected data from the platform and used a combination of questionnaire surveys and qualitative interviews to investigate the user's experience and feedback of the research subjects, in order to evaluate the usability of the platform.Results:Within two months, the health management platform had 226 visits, an average visit time of 26 minutes, and an availability questionnaire score of (71.8±2.8). The research subjects had an acceptable attitude towards the usability of this platform, had a good overall user experience, and had also provided improvement suggestions for the platform while they gained beneficial experiences.Conclusions:The gamification coronary heart disease health management platform based on WeChat has good usability, providing a feasible means for the health management of heart disease patients, and also providing reference for other chronic disease health management projects involving lifestyle changes and incentives.

Humans ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Deep Learning ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Coronary Stenosis/diagnosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial ; Predictive Value of Tests

Although the diagnosis of glioma is constantly changing with the update of WHO diagnostic guidelines, the current treatment methods are still mainly surgical treatment, supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. It is a pity that the treatment effect of high-grade glioma is still unsatisfactory. How to improve the prognosis of patients is the key problem in the field of medical exploration of glioma. It is gratifying that many new ideas and methods have emerged in the diagnosis and treatment of glioma, in which some trials represented by tumor treating fields have achieved good results in clinical research, moreover, the fields of immunotherapy and targeted therapy have developed too. This paper aims to share and explore these new methods and summarize the progress of diagnosis and treatment of glioma.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between plasma levels of complements before treatment and the clinicopathological feathers and prognoses of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients treated with Rituximab (R)-CHOP or R-CHOP-like therapy.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 105 DLBCL patients treated in cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2010 to 2016 were collected. The plasma samples from 105 DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP or R-CHOP-like therapy and 80 healthy controls were used to detect 34 complement levels before treatment by utilizing antibody microarray. The relationship between plasma levels of complements and the clinicopathological feathers and prognosis of DLBCL patients were analyzed.Results:The signal values of C1QA and CR1L in patients with international prognostic index (IPI) scores of 3-5 were 1 261.43±138.9 and 2 214.69±98.58, respectively, higher than 950.79±80.19 and 984.67±121.79 in patients with IPI scores of 0~2 (both P<0.05). The levels of C1QA and CR1L in the non-complete response (CR) group were 1 165.43±98.56 and 2 263.13±145.63, respectively, higher than 914.70±100.77 and 1 821.34±84.68 in the CR group (both P<0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that elevated C1QA signal value was associated with poor progression-free survival (PFS) and poor overall survival (OS) (PFS: HR=2.063, 95% CI: 1.220-3.489, P=0.007; OS: HR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.036~4.798, P=0.040). After IPI correction by Cox multivariate model, the elevated C1QA signal value was still correlated with poor PFS ( HR=1.765, 95% CI 1.034~3.013, P=0.037). Conclusions:The baseline plasma levels of C1QA and CR1L are correlated with IPI scores and therapeutic effects of DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP. The baseline plasma level of C1QA has a certain predictive value for the prognostic evaluation of DLBCL.