Purpose: Cataracts are the cause of more than 50% of blindness in the world. Cataract is diagnosed using a slit lamp to evaluate the opacity of the lens. Slit lamps as the primary tools cataract are not available in primary care units. Smart Eye Camera (SEC) is a medical device placed on smartphone, capable of creating slit beam similar to conventional slit lamp. Previous studies have been conducted in Japan. We wanted to further compare ocular examination between SEC and conventional slit lamp with samples taken from UPTD Eye Clinic Ambon Vlissingen in Indonesia. Methods: Observational analytical study with a cross-sectional study design. The research sample consisted of 67 people selected by consecutive sampling. All samples were examined for cataracts using a conventional slit lamp and SEC. To evaluate the accuracy of SEC, diagnosis of cataract was carried out by one observer based on slit-lamp images. The results of examinations were then compared with the examinations by two observers based on the SEC video, where the videos were read two times in a span of 1 week. Results: Sixty-seven eye samples were taken with average age of 61.76 ± 5.83 years, visual acuity was 0.07 ± 0.12, intraocular pressure was 14.12 ± 2.06 mmHg, and SEC video duration was 4.15 ± 1.09 seconds. SEC intraobserver reliability has a κ of 0.795/0.818, SEC interobserver reliability has a κ of 0.795/0.817. SEC assessment accuracy for observer 1 has a κ of 0.606/0.681 and for observer 2 has a κ of 0.629/0.717, with the highest accuracy for cataract grade 3 (86.67% and 91.18%, respectively). Conclusions This study shows SEC has good consistency and reliability in assessing the degree of nuclear cataract compared to conventional slit lamp. This tool could be used for cataract screening in remote areas.

Purpose: Cataracts are the cause of more than 50% of blindness in the world. Cataract is diagnosed using a slit lamp to evaluate the opacity of the lens. Slit lamps as the primary tools cataract are not available in primary care units. Smart Eye Camera (SEC) is a medical device placed on smartphone, capable of creating slit beam similar to conventional slit lamp. Previous studies have been conducted in Japan. We wanted to further compare ocular examination between SEC and conventional slit lamp with samples taken from UPTD Eye Clinic Ambon Vlissingen in Indonesia. Methods: Observational analytical study with a cross-sectional study design. The research sample consisted of 67 people selected by consecutive sampling. All samples were examined for cataracts using a conventional slit lamp and SEC. To evaluate the accuracy of SEC, diagnosis of cataract was carried out by one observer based on slit-lamp images. The results of examinations were then compared with the examinations by two observers based on the SEC video, where the videos were read two times in a span of 1 week. Results: Sixty-seven eye samples were taken with average age of 61.76 ± 5.83 years, visual acuity was 0.07 ± 0.12, intraocular pressure was 14.12 ± 2.06 mmHg, and SEC video duration was 4.15 ± 1.09 seconds. SEC intraobserver reliability has a κ of 0.795/0.818, SEC interobserver reliability has a κ of 0.795/0.817. SEC assessment accuracy for observer 1 has a κ of 0.606/0.681 and for observer 2 has a κ of 0.629/0.717, with the highest accuracy for cataract grade 3 (86.67% and 91.18%, respectively). Conclusions This study shows SEC has good consistency and reliability in assessing the degree of nuclear cataract compared to conventional slit lamp. This tool could be used for cataract screening in remote areas.

Purpose: Cataracts are the cause of more than 50% of blindness in the world. Cataract is diagnosed using a slit lamp to evaluate the opacity of the lens. Slit lamps as the primary tools cataract are not available in primary care units. Smart Eye Camera (SEC) is a medical device placed on smartphone, capable of creating slit beam similar to conventional slit lamp. Previous studies have been conducted in Japan. We wanted to further compare ocular examination between SEC and conventional slit lamp with samples taken from UPTD Eye Clinic Ambon Vlissingen in Indonesia. Methods: Observational analytical study with a cross-sectional study design. The research sample consisted of 67 people selected by consecutive sampling. All samples were examined for cataracts using a conventional slit lamp and SEC. To evaluate the accuracy of SEC, diagnosis of cataract was carried out by one observer based on slit-lamp images. The results of examinations were then compared with the examinations by two observers based on the SEC video, where the videos were read two times in a span of 1 week. Results: Sixty-seven eye samples were taken with average age of 61.76 ± 5.83 years, visual acuity was 0.07 ± 0.12, intraocular pressure was 14.12 ± 2.06 mmHg, and SEC video duration was 4.15 ± 1.09 seconds. SEC intraobserver reliability has a κ of 0.795/0.818, SEC interobserver reliability has a κ of 0.795/0.817. SEC assessment accuracy for observer 1 has a κ of 0.606/0.681 and for observer 2 has a κ of 0.629/0.717, with the highest accuracy for cataract grade 3 (86.67% and 91.18%, respectively). Conclusions This study shows SEC has good consistency and reliability in assessing the degree of nuclear cataract compared to conventional slit lamp. This tool could be used for cataract screening in remote areas.

Purpose: Cataracts are the cause of more than 50% of blindness in the world. Cataract is diagnosed using a slit lamp to evaluate the opacity of the lens. Slit lamps as the primary tools cataract are not available in primary care units. Smart Eye Camera (SEC) is a medical device placed on smartphone, capable of creating slit beam similar to conventional slit lamp. Previous studies have been conducted in Japan. We wanted to further compare ocular examination between SEC and conventional slit lamp with samples taken from UPTD Eye Clinic Ambon Vlissingen in Indonesia. Methods: Observational analytical study with a cross-sectional study design. The research sample consisted of 67 people selected by consecutive sampling. All samples were examined for cataracts using a conventional slit lamp and SEC. To evaluate the accuracy of SEC, diagnosis of cataract was carried out by one observer based on slit-lamp images. The results of examinations were then compared with the examinations by two observers based on the SEC video, where the videos were read two times in a span of 1 week. Results: Sixty-seven eye samples were taken with average age of 61.76 ± 5.83 years, visual acuity was 0.07 ± 0.12, intraocular pressure was 14.12 ± 2.06 mmHg, and SEC video duration was 4.15 ± 1.09 seconds. SEC intraobserver reliability has a κ of 0.795/0.818, SEC interobserver reliability has a κ of 0.795/0.817. SEC assessment accuracy for observer 1 has a κ of 0.606/0.681 and for observer 2 has a κ of 0.629/0.717, with the highest accuracy for cataract grade 3 (86.67% and 91.18%, respectively). Conclusions This study shows SEC has good consistency and reliability in assessing the degree of nuclear cataract compared to conventional slit lamp. This tool could be used for cataract screening in remote areas.

Purpose: Cataracts are the cause of more than 50% of blindness in the world. Cataract is diagnosed using a slit lamp to evaluate the opacity of the lens. Slit lamps as the primary tools cataract are not available in primary care units. Smart Eye Camera (SEC) is a medical device placed on smartphone, capable of creating slit beam similar to conventional slit lamp. Previous studies have been conducted in Japan. We wanted to further compare ocular examination between SEC and conventional slit lamp with samples taken from UPTD Eye Clinic Ambon Vlissingen in Indonesia. Methods: Observational analytical study with a cross-sectional study design. The research sample consisted of 67 people selected by consecutive sampling. All samples were examined for cataracts using a conventional slit lamp and SEC. To evaluate the accuracy of SEC, diagnosis of cataract was carried out by one observer based on slit-lamp images. The results of examinations were then compared with the examinations by two observers based on the SEC video, where the videos were read two times in a span of 1 week. Results: Sixty-seven eye samples were taken with average age of 61.76 ± 5.83 years, visual acuity was 0.07 ± 0.12, intraocular pressure was 14.12 ± 2.06 mmHg, and SEC video duration was 4.15 ± 1.09 seconds. SEC intraobserver reliability has a κ of 0.795/0.818, SEC interobserver reliability has a κ of 0.795/0.817. SEC assessment accuracy for observer 1 has a κ of 0.606/0.681 and for observer 2 has a κ of 0.629/0.717, with the highest accuracy for cataract grade 3 (86.67% and 91.18%, respectively). Conclusions This study shows SEC has good consistency and reliability in assessing the degree of nuclear cataract compared to conventional slit lamp. This tool could be used for cataract screening in remote areas.

We report a case of obstructive sleep apnea improved with the treatment both of Kampo medicine and Western medicine. The patient aged 52 years old was struggling with daytime drowsiness. Through the sleep test, he was diagnosed as severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and was received a continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP). Generally, positive air from CPAP applies through the nose and usage reports were recorded in the device. If having nasal congestion, it may be hard to continue CPAP. In this case he had a severe nasal congestion, and he nearly became CPAP failure. It was clear from the poor usage reports. Using Eppikajutsuto for nasal congestion, he felt decrease of nasal congestion. By switching to Shoseiryuto or kakkontokasenkyusin’i from Eppikajutsuto with reference to CPAP usage and nasal CT images, CPAP was continued effectively. Eventually, his daytime sleepiness disappeared.To continue CPAP, which is one of Western medicine, Kampo medicine was useful. On the other hand, to evaluate the effectiveness of Kampo medicine, Western medicine was necessary. CPAP reports and nasal CT images, which are Western medicine, contributed to the switch to Kampo medicine. This case showed the worth of the combined therapy of Kampo medicine with Western medicine.

We report a case of sleep terrors complicated with sleepwalking. The patient was 9-year-old boy who suddenly woke up, walked, or screamed in his sleep. These symptoms were sometimes induced by such as fever elevation or school events. In order to prevent injury while sleeping, he was suggested taking medicine to suppress the nocturnal behavior. After taking shokenchuto based on his findings of qi deficiency, the episodes gradually disappeared and the frequency of fever elevation decreased. In this report, we present the improvements of sleep parameters provided by overnight polysomnography, performed before and after treatment. Shokenchuto is known as one of the curative medicines for sleep terrors, but this is the first report showing objective therapeutic effects using overnight polysomnography.

Recently, the problem of the high incidence of throwing injuries in young people has been gaining attention. Identifying high-risk players before the onset of the throwing injury is important for prevention. One of the most widely used screening tests for sports-related injuries is the Functional Movement Screen (FMS), which assesses the quality of movement; however, its correlation with throwing injuries has not been established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the FMS score and throwing injuries. The FMS was used during the medical check for two hundred and thirty junior high school baseball players. We allotted those who had experienced throwing injuries multiple times to the injury group and those who had never experienced throwing injury to the control group. We then calculated the FMS cutoff value using the receiver operating characteristic curve. In addition, we investigated differences in the incidence of throwing injury between above and below the cutoff value using chi-square test. The FMS cutoff score was 17. Players who scored ≤17 had a significantly higher incidence of throwing injuries than those who scored ≥18. Conclusion: We believe that FMS score is correlated to throwing injuries. In addition, the results suggest that throwing injuries might be prevented in junior high school baseball players who scored ≤17 on the FMS if they undergo training in the correct movement patterns.