Objective:To explore the factors affecting and improvement recommendations about the congealing temperature of benzyl benzoate as pharmaceutical excipient by the method in the Chinese pharmacopoeia.Methods:The influence of seven factors such as measuring device,sample size,melting temperature,condensation tempera-ture,stop stirring time,stirring frequency and reading of congealing temperature on the determination of congealing temperature of benzyl benzoate was investigated.Results:The key factor for determination of benzyl benzoate con-gealing temperature was the stop stirring time,which was more reasonable when the sample temperature drops to constant or starts to rise slightly was reasonable.Conclusion:The improved method has better accuracy and repeat-ability,and is suitable for the measuring the congealing temperature of pharmaceutical excipient benzyl benzoate.

A blood pressure measurement system based on internet of things and deep learning is proposed for continuous data acquisition and blood pressure prediction.The system adopts a hybrid neural network structure for processing the collected data and accurately predicting blood pressure,and the model consists of ResNet18,GRU and 3 fully connected layers.The data of 82 individuals are collected for training and testing.The mean absolute errors and standard deviations are 2.16 mmHg and 3.09 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure,3.15 mmHg and 5.14 mmHg for systolic blood pressure,according with AAMI standard and BHS standard.

Objective:To investigate the effects of nutritional intake in the first two weeks of life on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants with gestational age (GA) ≤ 32 weeks.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted 154 preterm infants with birth weight ≤ 1500 g and GA ≤ 32 weeks were enrolled from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2017. These infants were divided into BPD group or non-BPD group. All clinical and nutritional data were collected and analyzed to investigate the effects of early-life (within 2 weeks after birth) nutritional intake on BPD.Results:Among a total of 154 eligible neonates, 68 were without BPD and 86 with BPD (55.8%). Mild, moderate and severe BPD accounted for 39.5% (34/86), 58.1%(50/86)and 2.4%(2/86)of all BPD cases respectively. GA and birth-weight of BPD group were significantly lower than that of non-BPD group [(28.35 ± 1.55)weeks vs. (30.12 ± 1.23)weeks; (1050.91 ± 190.6)g vs. (1205.88 ± 195.83)g, both P = 0.000]. The duration of mechanical ventilation in BPD group was longer than that in non-BPD group [(2.65 ± 1.08)days vs. (0.47 ± 0.12)days, P < 0.05]. The incidences of complications in BPD group, including neonatal asphyxia, sepsis and patent ductus arteriosus, were all higher than those in non-BPD group( P < 0.05). The fluids and caloric intake, enteral fluids and caloric intake were significantly lower in BPD group on Day 7 and 14 of life ( P < 0.05). The macronutrient intake in BPD group was also consistently lower, reaching statistical significance for carbohydrate intake on Day 7 and 14 of life, and for protein and lipid intake on Day 14 of life ( P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that mechanical ventilation ( OR = 2.257, 95% CI: 1.143~4.456, P = 0.019) and GA ( OR = 0.325, 95% CI: 0.215~0.49, P = 0.000) were high-risk factors for BPD. The decreased odds of developing BPD were associated with higher levels of enteral calories on Day 14 of life ( OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94~0.98, P = 0.000), fluids on Day 7 of life ( OR = 0.927, 95% CI: 0.876~0.981, P = 0.009) and protein intake on Day 14 of life ( OR = 0.044, 95% CI: 0.011~0.177, P = 0.000). Conclusions:GA and mechanical ventilation were independent high-risk factors for BPD. Higher intake of protein and enteral calories were protective factors. Proactive early enteral nutrition support, adequate protein intake and decreasing the duration of mechanical ventilation may reduce the risk of BPD.

Beh?et's disease (BD) is a chronic, relapsed, and inflammatory vascular disease, usually with multiple systems involvement. Recurrent oral and genital ulcers, uveitis and skin lesions are common clinical manifestations. When nervous system gets involved, it is called Neuro-Beh?et's disease (NBD). NBD can lead to parenchymal damage to the brain or spinal cord, cerebral venous thrombosis and arterial vasculitis. Our review focuses on the clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination, diagnosis and treatment of NBD.

Objective:To investigate the value of stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG)-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC) in patients with focal epilepsy.Methods:Eighteen patients with focal epilepsy admitted to and treated by SEEG-guided RFTC in our hospital from April 2019 to December 2020 were chosen. The clinical data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed, and follow up was performed monthly by telephone and outpatient subsequent visit. The treatment efficacies of these patients were evaluated by Engel grading.Results:(1) The number of electrodes accurately implanted into the intended target in these 18 patients was 4-11 (6.56±2.15 on average); unilateral implantation was noted in 6 patients, and bilateral implantation was noted in 12 patients. SEEG monitoring showed that 7 patients were with frontal lobe epilepsy, 8 were with temporal lobe epilepsy, 2 were with frontotemporal junction epilepsy, and one was with temporal occipital junction epilepsy. (2) Two-9 RFTC electrodes (3.43±1.47 on average), and 9-42 RFTC contacts (17.38±9.20 on average) were given in these 18 patients. One patient developed seizures during the course of RFTC, one had temporary mental symptoms after RFTC, one had diffuse brain edema with intracranial hypertension, and one had asymptomatic regional brain edema. The total complication incidence was 22.2% (4/18) and no permanent neurological impairment occurred. (3) Eleven patients (61.1%) had recurred seizure within 1 year of RFTC: 3 (27.3%) recurred within 1 month, 3 (27.3%) recurred within 1-3 months, 3 (27.3%) recurred within 3-6 months, and 2 (18.2%) recurred within 6-12 months; however, the duration and frequency of seizure were obviously decreased as compared with those before RFTC. Seven patients (38.9%) received craniotomy after RFTC; follow up for 5-24 months showed that 12 patients were with Engel grading I, 4 were with Engel grading II, 2 were with Engel III, and no one was with Engel grading IV.Conclusions:SEEG-guided RFTC has enabled patients with focal epilepsy to achieve complete remission of their seizures with varying durations, and some patients have achieved long-term remission of their seizures. For patients with recurrent epilepsy after SEEG-guided RFTC, further craniotomy of the epileptogenic area is still effective.

Histiocytic necrotic lymphadenitis is known as Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD).KFD is a systemic disease,which is characterized by fever,necrotizing lymphadenopathy and leukopenia.However,involvement of the central and peripheral nervous system is rare.It can present as aseptic meningitis,encephalomyelitis,peripheral neuropathy,cerebellar ataxia and tremor,which makes it difficult to be differentiated with other nervous system diseases.Our review summarizes the clinical manifestations and differential diagnoses of KFD involving nervous system in order to reduce misdiagnoses and mistreatments.

Objective To summarize the clinical and the molecular genetic characteristics of type DYT11 dystonia by analyzing the clinical data and pathogenic gene mutation of type DYT11 dystonia of a myoclonus-dystonia syndrome (MDS) family.Methods A MDS family enrolled in the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Rocket Force in January 2018 was retrospectively analyzed.The clinical data of 11 affected family members were collected and genetic testing of four affected family members (including the proband) of the MDS family was conducted using a panel of dystonia-associated genes.Results The affected family members showed great differences in clinical characteristics and obvious clinical heterogeneity.Four affected family members had myoclonus and dystonia,two affected family members only had myoclonus and five affected family members only had dystonia.The results of genetic testing showed that the proband,his father and his grandfather had a mutation (c.835_839delACAAA) in SGCE gene,which is autosomal dominant and belongs to type DYT11 dystonia.Conclusions MDS shows clinical heterogeneity.Gene screening is of great importance for the diagnosis and treatment of dystonia with myoclonus.

CD70/CD27 pathway plays an important role in human immune regulation.The role of CD70/CD27 pathway in immune regulation is mainly to promote the activation and proliferation of T cells,induce the differentiation and formation of effector T cells and memory T cells,and interfere with regulatory T cells.In addition,the high level of CD70 expression in some tumor cells provides a new way for tumor immunotherapy.

Objective To evaluate the validity and reliability of modified absolute and relative scale for myasthenia gravis (mARS-MG),and explore its clinical application value in evaluating the severity of MG.Methods One hundred and three MG patients,admitted to our hospital from March 2016 to February 2017,were enrolled in our study.A new measurement called mARS-MG was put forward,which had modified the items about bulbus medullae of ARS-MG.In mARS-MG,chewing and swallowing were split into 2 items.The swallow function was measured by water swallow test.An experienced neurologist performed 4 scales,ARS-MG,mARS-MG,Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis scale (QMG) and Myasthenic Muscle Scale (MMS),on these patients.Spearman correlation analysis was performed to assess the correlations of ARS-MG,mARS-MG,QMG,and MMS scores.Validity of ARS-MG and mARS-MG was constructed and evaluated by structural equation modeling.Besides,Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to evaluate the internal consistency of the scales.Results Strong correlations were noted among ARS-MG,mARS-MG and QMG,MMS scores ([r[＞0.800,P＜0.05).The items in each scale were grouped according to different muscle groups;strong correlations among ARS-MG,mARS-MG,QMG and MMS scores were found in bulbus medullae,limbs and respiratory muscle (|r|＞0.900,P＜0.05).In the extraocular muscles' part,the correlations were also well (|r|＞0.650,P＜ 0.05);however,the correlations in facial part between these scales were not well.The chewing and swallowing items were highly correlated to QMG and MMS scores (|r|＞0.900,P＜0.05).Besides,the items of ARS-MG and mARS-MG were all reasonable;these two scales had good construct validity;the reliability analysis showed that the intemal consistency of ARS-MG and mARS-MG was good (Cronbach's α＞0.8).Conclusion Both ARS-MG and mARS-MG showed good validity and reliability in evaluating the severity of MG patients;they are all suitable for further promotion and clinical application,and the modified version is better than the original one in the bulbar part.

Objective To investigate the correlation between opportunistic infections in patients with HIV /AIDS in Dali of Yunnan Province and CD +4 lymphocyte count,discover the incidence trend of opportunistic infections in patients with HIV /AIDS in Dali and instruct early diagnosis and treatment.Methods Choosing 454 cases of opportunistic infections in patients with HIV /AIDS in Infectious Disease Dali Prefectural Hospital were chosen,ana-lyze various opportunistic infections,examining CD +4 lymphocyte count and analyze the differences of opportunistic infections on CD +4 lymphocyte count.Results 454 cases opportunistic infections with HIV /AIDS,48.24% were HCV infections,38.72% of various tuberculosis consumption phthisis,28.41% of bacterial pneumonia and 25.77%of oral condida monilia infections,high rate of opportunistic infections when CD +4 lymphocyte count <200 /μL;when CD +4 <50 /μL,53.33% of the patients with more than three pathogen infections,thus higher than those CD +4 >350 /μL of 5.56%(χ2 =34.88,P <0.01);The high rate of opportunistic infections found on patients without the treatment of HAART(40.83%,U =9.05,P <0.01),comparing to 18.79% of those with the treatment.Conclusion The com-mon opportunistic infections in our area are HCV,various tuberculosis consumption phthisis,bacterial pneumonia and oral condida monilia infections;high rate of opportunistic infections happens when CD +4 lymphocyte count are low and lower rate on those with the treatment of HAART,offering an effective method on controlling opportunistic infections.