Objective Viral encephalitis is an infectious disease severely affecting human health.It is caused by a wide variety of viral pathogens,including herpes viruses,flaviviruses,enteroviruses,and other viruses.The laboratory diagnosis of viral encephalitis is a worldwide challenge.Recently,high-throughput sequencing technology has provided new tools for diagnosing central nervous system infections.Thus,In this study,we established a multipathogen detection platform for viral encephalitis based on amplicon sequencing. Methods We designed nine pairs of specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR)primers for the 12 viruses by reviewing the relevant literature.The detection ability of the primers was verified by software simulation and the detection of known positive samples.Amplicon sequencing was used to validate the samples,and consistency was compared with Sanger sequencing. Results The results showed that the target sequences of various pathogens were obtained at a coverage depth level greater than 20×,and the sequence lengths were consistent with the sizes of the predicted amplicons.The sequences were verified using the National Center for Biotechnology Information BLAST,and all results were consistent with the results of Sanger sequencing. Conclusion Amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing technology is feasible as a supplementary method for the pathogenic detection of viral encephalitis.It is also a useful tool for the high-volume screening of clinical samples.

Objective:To investigate the causal correlation between depression and stress urinary incontinence(SUI)using Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods:We searched the FinnGen Consortium database for genome-wide association studies(GWAS)on depression and obtained 23 424 case samples and 192 220 control samples,with the GWAS data on SUI provided by the UK Biobank,including 4 340 case samples and 458 670 control samples.We investigated the correlation between depression and SUI based on the depression data collected from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium(PGC).We employed inverse-variance weighting as the main method for the MR study,and performed sensitivity analysis to verify the accuracy and stability of the findings.Results:Analysis of the data from the UK Biobank and FinnGen Consortium showed that depression was significantly correlated with an increased risk of SUI(P=0.005),but not SUI with the risk of depression(P=0.927).And analysis of the PGC data verified the correlation of depression with the increased risk of SUI(P=0.043).Conclusion:Depression is associated with an increased risk of SUI,while SUI does not increase the risk of depression.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To compare the effects of transumbilical single-incision appendectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy in the treatment of acute appendicitis in pediatric patients.Methods The clinical data of 162 pediatric patients under 14 years old with acute appendicitis admitted to our department were retrospectively analyzed,and the pediatric patients were divided into the transumbilical single-incision surgery group(n=59)and the laparoscopic group(n=103)according to their surgeries.The completion of the operation was recorded,and the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,gastrointestinal function recovery time,hospitalization cost,hospital stay and complications were compared between the two groups.The postoperative wound healing was observed.The wound infection,abdominal pain,abdominal distension,vomiting and abnormal stool were observed during the 6-month follow-up after operation.Results The operations of pediatric patients in the laparoscopic group were successfully completed without conversion to open surgery.The appendixes of 2 cases in the transumbilical single-incision surgery group were found by transumbilical laparoscopy during the operation due to the difficulty in finding the appendixes.The operation time and hospital stay in the transumbilical single-incision surgery group were shorter than those in the laparoscopic group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the hospitalization cost,intraoperative blood loss,gastrointestinal function recovery time,or incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05).The incision healing in the transumbilical single-incision surgery group was more beautiful.During the follow-up period,the incision of the pediatric patients in the two groups healed well,and there was no abdominal pain,abdominal distension,vomiting or abnormal stool.Conclusion Compared with the traditional laparoscopic appendectomy,transumbilical single-incision appendectomy has the advantages of simple operation,short operation time and hospital stay,and more beautiful incision healing.

Recent studies have shown that stress can substantially facilitate breast cancer metastasis,which can be reduced by nonselective β1/β2-adrenergic receptor(β1/β2-AR)blocker.However,several side effects were identified.Thus,it is extremely warranted to explore more effective and better-tolerated β2-AR blocker.Currently,we demonstrated that baicalin(BA),a major bioactive component of Scutellaria bai-calensis Georgi,could significantly attenuate stress hormones especially epinephrine(Epi)-induced breast cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro.Mechanistically,we identified that β2-AR was a direct target of BA via the drug affinity responsive target stability(DARTS)combined with mass spectrum assay,and BA photoaffinity probe with pull-down assay,which was further confirmed by a couple of bio-physical and biochemical assays.Furthermore,we demonstrated that BA could directly bind to the Phe-193 and Phe-289 of β2-AR,subsequently inhibit cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A-focal adhesion kinase(cAMP-PKA-FAK)pathway,and thus impede epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),thereby hindering the metastatic progression of the chronic stress coupled with syngeneic and xenograft in vivo orthotopic and tail vein mouse model.These findings firstly identify BA as a potential β2-AR inhibitor in the treatment of stress-induced breast cancer metastasis.

Objective:This study aims to analyze the spatial-temporal patterns,evolutionary trends,and regional balance of human resources in village clinics in China,providing a practical basis and decision-making reference for the construction of rural healthcare systems.Methods:By employing a variety of spatial-temporal statistical analysis methods,this study examines the spatial-temporal development and dynamic distribution trends of human resource allocation in village clinics.It explores the characteristics of resource allocation balance,and deconstructs the sources of regional,interregional,and intraregional disparities in human resource structures.Results:The total scale of human resources in village clinics decreased,but the number of personnel per thousand population and the proportion of health technicians increased.The human resources of village clinics in different provinces have gradually evolved to Twin Peaks,showing a convergence trend of spatial clubs.There is a significant difference in the allocation of human resources in village clinics,and the internal difference in the eastern region contributes the most,both within and between regions,the difference of health technical personnel has gradually become the main reason for the unbalanced allocation of village clinic space.Conclusion:The allocation of human resources in village clinics in China is facing the challenge of decreasing the total amount.The sustainability of the optimized allocation of personnel structure needs to be further enhanced,and the balance of the allocation of health technical personnel space has also been slightly improved,it is necessary to re-examine the total amount of human resources management in village clinics,promote the optimization of personnel structure and the complementarity of regional advantages,and reduce regional differences in the optimization of personnel structure.

Hip fractures are among the most common fractures in the elderly, presenting to be a leading cause of disability and mortality. Surgical treatment is currently the main treatment method for hip fractures. The incidence of perioperative malnutrition is increased after hip fractures in the elderly due to the comorbidities, decreased basal metabolic rate, accelerated protein breakdown, weakened anabolism and surgical stress. However, malnutrition not only increases the incidence of postoperative complications, but also leads to increased mortality, indicating an important role of perioperative nursing management of nutrition for the elderly patients with hip fractures. At present, there still lacks scientific guidance and application standards on perioperative nursing management of nutrition for the elderly patients with hip fractures. Therefore, the Orthopedic Nursing Committee of Chinese Nursing Association and the Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate the Expert consensus on perioperative nursing management of nutrition for elderly patients with hip fractures ( version 2023) according to evidence-based medical evidences and their clinical experiences. Fourteen recommendations were made from aspects of nutrition screening, nutrition assessment, nutrition diagnosis, nutrition intervention and nutrition monitoring to provide guidance for perioperative nursing management of nutrition in elderly patients with hip fractures.

Polymer nanomaterials have been attracted more and more attention because of their advantages such as long circulation, reduced immunogenicity and less side effects, and have become a hot research topic in nanomaterials. However, the number of polymer nanomedicines successfully applied in clinical application is very limited, and the unsatisfactory pharmacokinetic behavior is one of the main reasons for thisresult. After polymer nanoparticles enter the body, they will release free drugs and polymer excipients. Polymer nanoparticles are the loaded drugs and free drugs are the active chemicals for efficacy, while polymer excipients may cause excipient drug interactions. Therefore, the focus of the pharmacokinetics study of polymer nanoparticles should not be only limited to the free drugs themselves, but should also focus on the loaded drugs, free drugs and polymer excipients. The dynamic changes of polymer excipients and their metabolites pose new requirements and challenges for the bioanalysis of polymer nanomedicines. The characteristics and application scope of common analytical methods for detection polymer nanomedicines including chromatographic assay will be discussed in this paper. Moreover, this review will also summarize the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of polymer nanomedicines. We hope this review will provide reference for the pharmacokinetics study, safety and effectiveness evaluation of polymer nanomedicines.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Jianpi Peiyuan acupoint thread embedding therapy on perimenopausal obesity (PMO). METHODS: Ninety-six patients of PMO were randomly divided into an observation group (48 cases) and a control group (48 cases). The control group received health education and lifestyle intervention. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, the observation group was treated with acupoint thread embedding at the main acupoints of Shangwan (CV 13), Zhongwan (CV 12), Xiawan (CV 10), Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Fenglong (ST 40), etc. as well as the supplementary acupoints in accordance with the syndrome differentiation, once every 2 weeks for 8 weeks (4 times in total). The indexes of obesity (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, hip circumference and body mass), modified Kupperman score, insomnia severity index (ISI) score, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score, and self-rating depression scale (SDS) score of the two groups were observed before and after treatment, and the safety was evaluated. RESULTS: After treatment, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference and body mass in the two groups were lower than before treatment (P<0.05), and those in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, Kupperman, ISI and SAS scores in the observation group were lower than before treatment (P<0.05), and ISI score in the control group was lower than before treatment (P<0.05). Kupperman, ISI and SAS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in SDS between the two groups or within groups (P>0.05). No serious adverse reactions occurred during the experiment. CONCLUSION Jianpi Peiyuan acupoint thread embedding therapy can reduce the degree of obesity in PMO patients, and improve patients' the perimenopausal symptoms, insomnia and anxiety, with good safety.
Humans ; Acupuncture Points ; Perimenopause ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Anxiety ; Obesity

Currently,the research or publications related to the clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine are increasing,which attracts the broad attention of all circles. According to the completed clinical evaluation report on Chinese patent medicine,there are still practical problems and technical difficulties such as unclear responsibility of the evaluation organization,unclear evaluation subject,miscellaneous evaluation objects,and incomplete and nonstandard evaluation process. In terms of evaluation standards and specifications,there are different types of specifications or guidelines with different emphases issued by different academic groups or relevant institutions. The professional guideline is required to guide the standardized and efficient clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine and further improve the authority and quality of evaluation. In combination with the characteristics of Chinese patent medicine and the latest research achievement at home and abroad,the detailed specifications were formulated from six aspects including design,theme selection,content and index,outcome,application and appraisal,and quality control. The guideline was developed based on the guideline development requirements of China Assoication of Chinese medicine. After several rounds of expert consensus and public consultation,the current version of the guideline has been developed.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nonprescription Drugs ; Consensus ; China ; Reference Standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal