BACKGROUND:Due to the very limited ability of articular cartilage to repair itself,articular cartilage defects caused by natural degeneration or trauma often cannot be repaired on their own,which triggers or aggravates osteoarthritis and even leads to severe disability.Therefore,the repair treatment after articular cartilage injury has become an urgent clinical problem. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the hot research topics and development trends in the field of articular cartilage repair using bibliometric analysis. METHODS:Literature related to articular cartilage repair was searched from the Web of Science Core Collection from 2000 to 2023,and bibliometric and visualization analyses were carried out using VOSviewer,Citespeace and Bibliometrix R-package. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The annual publication volume in the field of articular cartilage repair shows an overall increasing trend,with the United States,China,and Germany being the top three countries in terms of publication volume,and the research institutions focus on universities and hospitals,with Harvard University,New York Hospital for Special Surgery,and Shanghai Jiao Tong University being the top three institutions in terms of publication volume.AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE is the journal that publishes the most research literature in the field,and BIOMATERIALS is the journal with the highest number of citations in the field."Injectable hydrogels for cartilage and bone tissue engineering"is the most cited document published in the last decade,and the author with the most publications is Madry Henning,an active author in the field.The active authors in this field have formed a number of stable research teams with each other,and the cooperation between different teams needs to be further strengthened.Intra-articular injections,high tibial osteotomies,hydrogels,drug delivery,inflammation,cartilage regeneration,and scaffolds are the current hot topics of research in this field,and the application of 3D printing technology,bio-inks,silk proteins,injectable hydrogels,and exosomes in articular cartilage repair may be the frontier of research in this field.Integrating various innovative technologies and methods for more effective,durable and functional cartilage tissue regeneration and repair,and facilitating the clinical translation of the relevant technologies and methods by conducting more high-quality clinical studies may be the future research trend in this field.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the expression of microRNA-106a(miR-106a) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients. METHODS: Serum samples of 64 patients with newly diagnosed RCC were collected as the study group, and serum samples of 40 healthy individuals were used as the control group. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to determine the expression level of miR-106a in each group. The correlation between miR-106a expression and clinicopathological characteristics of the patients was studied with single factor analysis and multiple Logistic regression model. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze its correlation with the prognosis of patients. RESULTS: Before surgery, compared with the control group (1.17± 0.58), RCC patients with high- (9.15± 0.96) and low-expression(3.45± 0.37) had increased expression of miR-106a. Postoperatively, the expression level of miR-106a in both groups of patients decreased to 1.53± 0.18 and 1.75± 0.21, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic value of serum miR-106a for RCC was 0.782 (95% CI: 0.661-0.902). With an optimal cutoff value of 0.531, the sensitivity was 78.10% and the specificity was 75.00%. Serum miR-106a level of RCC patients with TNM stage T3 or T4, clinical stage II or III, lymph node metastasis, and recurrence were significantly increased. The high expression of serum miR-106a in RCC patients has an independent relationship with the tumor TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. Of the 64 follow-up patients, 4 were lost and 30 had died. Among them, the median survival time of patients in the miR-106a high expression group was 30 months, which was significantly shorter than that of the low expression group (52 months). CONCLUSION The serum level of miR-106a is elevated in RCC patients, and may be used as a molecular marker for the diagnosis of RCC. High serum expression of miR-106a is an independent predictor for tumor TNM stage and lymph node metastasis, as well as an independent predictor for poor prognosis of RCC patients.
Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics* ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms/genetics* ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prognosis

Objective To investigate the role of cortactin in migration and invasion of U251 glioma cells and role of Rac1 activation in this process.Methods Human glioma U251 cells were cultured in vitro.The expressions and distributions of Rac1 and cortactin in U251 glioma cells were detected by immunofluorescence.U251 glioma cells assigned into 4 treatment groups:siRNA-cortactin group (transfected by siRNA specific cortactin),siRNA-NC group (transfected by negative control RNA sequence),siRNA-N group (transfected by empty vector) and siRNA-cortactin+Rac1 group (transfected by siRNA specific cortactin and Rac1 inhibitor).Forty-eighty h after grouping and each treatment,the protein expressions of cortactin and Rac1 in the 4 groups were detected by Western blotting;the migration and invasion of glioma cells were evaluated by wound-healing and Transwell-chamber invasion assays;the lamellipodia of glioma cells was observed by immunofluorescence.Results Cortactin and Rac1 were co-localized in the front ofglioma cells,where actin was polymerized and lamellipodia was formed.As compared with siRNA-NC group and siRNA-N group,siRNA-cortactin group and siRNA-cortactin+Rac1 group had significantly lower cortactin and Rac1 expressions (P＜0.05);siRNA-cortactin+Rac1 group had significantly lower cortactin and Rac1 expressions as compared with siRNA-cortactin group (P＜0.05).As compared with siRNA-NC group and siRNA-N group,siRNA-cortactin group and siRNA-cortactin+Rac1 group had significantly smaller healing areas and number of perforator cells (P＜0.05);siRNA-cortactin+Rac1 group had significantly smaller healing areas and number of perforator cells as compared with siRNA-cortactin group (P＜0.05).As compared with siRNA-NC group and siRNA-N group,siRNA-cortactin group and siRNA-cortactin+Rac1 group had decreased lamellipodia of glioma cells;siRNA-cortactin+Rac1 group had decreased lamellipodia of glioma cells as compared with siRNA-cortactin group.Conclusion Cortactin can promote the migration and invasion of glioma cells by regulating lamellipodia formation;combined inhibition of Rac 1 and cortactin may be an effective mean for treatment ofglioma.

Aim To assess the regulatory effects of Po-lygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides(PSP)on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4 )-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-nuclear factor κB(NF-κB)signaling path-way in anoxia /reoxygenation-H9c2 myocardial cells. Methods The H9c2 myocardial cells cultured in vitro were randomly divided into groups:control group (C group),hypoxia /reoxygenation group (H/R group), PSP group,TLR4 inhibitor group(TAK-242 group)and PSP +TLR4 inhibitor group(PSP +TAK-242 group). The cells were cultured in normal condition for 27 h in C group.The cells were subjected to 21 h hypoxia fol-lowed by 6 h reoxygenation in H/R.Definitely,the cells in TAK-242,PSP and PSP +TAK-242 groups were treated with PSP and TAK-242 with the final con-centration of 1 .5 g·L -1 and 1 μmol·L -1 for 1 2 h before 21 h hypoxia,then the cells were exposed to the normal culture condition for another 6 h.After the treatment,cell survival rate was tested by MTT method. The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1 β(IL-1 β)were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The protein ex-pression levels of NF-κB and inhibitor κBα(IκBα) were detected by Western blot,and the expression lev-els of TLR4 and MyD88 mRNA were detected by fluo-rescence quantitative PCR method.Results Compared with H/R group,the cell survival rates were significant-ly increased,while the inflammatory cytokines contents and NF-κB protein expression were dramatically de-creased in groups PSP,TAK-242 and PSP +TAK-242, whereas the NF-κB expression was significantly down-regulated,and the IκBα protein expression was in-creased.The mRNA expression levels of TLR4 and MyD88 were markedly decreased.Conclusion PSP might protect H9c2 myocardial cells against H/R inju-ry,which may be associated with the inhibition of TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway.

Background and purpose:As one of the most fatal malignant tumors in China, the morbidity and mortality of lung cancer remain high. Early diagnosis and normative treatment is the key to improve the prognosis of lung cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the practice of early lung cancer screening with low-dose spiral computed tomography (CT) based on the current situation in community health service, with integration of superior resources of med-ical institutions at all levels in Shanghai.Methods:From Aug. 2013 to Aug. 2014, we screened high-risk population in selected communities of Minhang District, Shanghai, for early diagnosis of lung cancer with low-dose spiral CT combined with multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment models including minimally invasive surgery, exploring the medical service network covering prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and follow-up.Results:Screening population is 11 332 (male 7 144, female 4 188); Twenty-nine cases with pathological diagnosis of malignant tumor, including 27 cases of pri-mary lung cancer, 1 case of lung metastasis, 1 case of breast cancer. The morbidity of primary lung cancer is 238.26×10-5. There were 22 cases of Stage 0-Ⅰ lung cancer accounting for 81.48% of all diagnosed primary lung cancer.Conclusion:Based on community health service, screening with low-dose spiral CT could improve the early diagnosis rate of lung can-cer with feasibility and validity, which could be applicable in qualified eligible medical center and community in China.

Objectives To explore the relevant factors of liver X receptor (LXR) and lipid metabolism in school-age chil-dren with obesity. Methods A total of 80 obese children were selected by indexes of physical growth from pupils in Grades 1-6, aged 7-14 years from June 2011 to October 2011. Fifty-one age and sex matched children with normal BMI were chosen as nor-mal controls. The metabolic indexes including aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamyl transpep-tidase (GGT), total cholesterol (CHOL), triacylglycerol (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipopro-tein cholesterol (LDL-C) and expression of LXR were detected in fasting blood. Results The expression level of LXR in obese children (9.14 ± 1.15) was higher than that in control children (2.84 ± 3.68) with significant difference (t=4.55,P=0.000). Eighty percent (80%) of obese children were LXR>1 (64/80) which was higher than that of control children (23/51, 45.1%), and signifi-cant difference was found between the two groups (χ2=17.01, P=0.000). Compared to controls, the levels of AST, ALT, GGT, CHOL, TG and LDL-C were higher while the level of HDL-C was lower in obese children (P<0.05). The correlation analysis found that AST, ALT, CHOL, LDL-C and BMI were positively correlated with LXR (r=0.18~0.26,P<0.05). Logistic regression ana-lysis showed that AST≥40IU/L (OR=1.076), ALT≥40IU/L (OR=1.036), CHOL≥5.20 mmol/L (OR=2.038), LDL-C≥3.36 mmol/L (OR=2.176) and BMI≥18.9 kg/m2 (OR=1.131) were risk factors for LXR>1 (P<0.05). Conclusions Obesity in school-age chil-dren can up-regulate the expression of liver X receptor and cause liver damage and abnormal lipids metabolism.

Objective To investigate the effects of siRNA-mediated knockdown of S100A4 expression on the inva?sion and migration of SNB19 glioma cells. Methods The S100A4 expression was knockdowned using S100A4 siRNA in SNB19 glioma cells. Glioma cells were assigned into control group,siRNA-negative control treated group (siRNA-NC) and siRNA-S100A4 group. RT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of S100A4, respectively. The wound-healing assay and transwell invasion assay were used to determine the ability of migration and invasion of SNB19 glioma cells, respectively. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), matrix metallopro?teinase 2 (MMP-2) and E-cadherin proteins were evaluated by using western blot. Moreover, the morphology of lamellipo?dia of glioma cells were examined by using inverted phase-contrast microscopy. Results The mRNA and protein expres?sion levels of S100A4 was obviously down-regulated after transfection of S100A4 siRNA. Compared with control group, the mRNA expression levels of S100A4 in siRNA-NC group and siRNA-S100A4 group were 0.97±0.07 and 0.21±0.04,respectively(P<0.01). The protein expression levels of S100A4 in control, siRNA-NC and siRNA-S100A4 groups were 78.12%±2.63%, 77.16%±3.00%and 37.95%±2.71%, respectively(P<0.01). The migration and invasiveness capability were decreased up to 46% and 55% in the siRNA-S100A4 group compared with the control group(P<0.01). The pro?tein expression levels of MMP-9 and MMP-2 were inhibited up to 62% and 68%(P<0.01)whereas the expression of E-cadherin was increased up to 154%(P<0.01)in the siRNA-S100A4 group. The lamellipodia became smaller or unex?tended in siRNA-S100A4-treated SNB19 glioma cells. Conclusion S100A4 plays an important role in the invasion and migration of glioma cells, suggesting that S100A4 might be a potential candidate for anti-glioma strategy to prevent the invasion and migration of glioma cells.

Objective To evaluate the efifcacy and safety of Xiyanping in the treatment of hand-foot and mouth disease. Methods Based on the principles and methods of Cochrane systematic reviews, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, Chinese Bio-medicine Database (CBM), China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), VIP database and Wanfang database were searched. All of the randomized controlled trials (RCT) of Xiyanping versus ribavirin were included. The data were extracted and evalu-ated by two reviewers independently. Risk assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias and software Revman5.0 was used for meta-analysis. Results Twenty-four RCT and 3314 patients were included. Comparing to ribavirin, Xiyanping showed better therapeutic outcomes regarding to total effective rate, durations of fever and rash elimination (RR=1.17, 95%CI:1.12~1.23;MD=-1.56, 95%CI:-2.10~-1.02;MD=-1.41, 95%CI:-1.90~-0.93). Side effects were rare in both groups and could be recovered after drug withdrawal. Conclusions The current evidence suggests that Xiyanping is superior to ribavirin in the treatment of hand-foot and mouth disease.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations, angiographic features and clinical significance of kinking of extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA). Methods The clinical and radiological data of 21 patients with kinking of extracranial ICA were retrospectively reviewed in our hospital from April 2003 to July 2007. Fisher exact test was performed. Results Of the 21 patients, 7 hod no clinical symptoms, the other 14 showed manifestations of cerebral iachemia with varying degree. One of the characteristic clinical manifestations that neck rotation or specific positions of head and neck might induce the occurrence of clinical symptoms was found in 5 cases. The whole-brain coverage DSA accurately showed the location of kinking of extracranial ICA and the degree of vascular stenosis. In patients with α < 66%, 80% > α≥ 66% and α≥ 80%, clinical symptoms were found in 3 out of 5,7 out of 10 and 4 out of 6 patients, respectively. Fisher exact test revealed that the positive rates of clinical symptoms in three groups had no significant difference (P > 0. 05). Conclusion Kinking of extracranial ICA is a frequent vascular morphologic variation, and it is also a kind of potential disease. The whole-brain coverage DSA is a relatively reliable method to detect this variation.

Objective To evaluate the short-term outcome of local intraarterial thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke of the anterior circulation. Methods 24 patients with acute ischemic stroke of the anterior cir-culation within 8 hours were treated by local intraarterial thrombolysis. Arterial recanalization was divided into total, partial and occlusive respectively according to angiography. Evaluation of clinical outcome was performed on the 30th day after thrombolysis,and was classified as good for Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) scores of 0 to Ⅲ and poor for MRS scores of Ⅳ to Ⅵ. Results Total recanalization was obtained in 54.2 % of patients, partial recanalization in 25.0%. Clinical outcome was good in 15 patients (62.5%). Cerebral hemorrhage occurred in 4 patients (16.7%). Four patients died (16.7%). Conclusion Local intraarterial thrombolysis is an effective method for treatment of a-cute iachemic stroke of the anterior circulation. It needs further practice and long-term follow-up study on safety and long-term efficacy.