ObjectiveBased on modern analytical techniques and a depressed mouse model established by chronic unpredictable mild stress（CUMS）， to evaluate the quality marker（Q-Marker） and pharmacodynamic difference of Baihe Dihuangtang prepared by different processes. MethodsHigh performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was used to establish the characteristic profiles of Baihe Dihuangtang， and determine the content of Q-Marker in the samples prepared by ancient and modern processes. Seventy C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the normal group， model group， fluoxetine group（3 mg·kg^-1）， low and high dose groups of ancient process（6.5， 26 g·kg^-1）， and low and high dose groups of modern process（6.5， 26 g·kg^-1）， with 10 mice in each group. Except for the normal group， CUMS was used to induce depression in mice from the other groups for 28 d. After successful modeling， administration groups were given the corresponding drugs by gavage every day， and the normal and model groups were given an equal volume of pure water by gavage for 21 consecutive days. Change in body mass of mice was recorded， tail suspension test and open field test were used to evaluate the depressive behavior of mice， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was employed to determine the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）， interleukin（IL）-1β and IL-6 in serum. ResultsCharacteristic profiles of Baihe Dihuangtang prepared by the two processes were established， the similarity between the two was 0.951， and 8 characteristic peaks were recognized with the reference peak of regaloside A. The results of quantitative analysis showed that the Q-Marker content was similar in Baihe Dihuangtang prepared by ancient and modern processes. The results of pharmacodynamics showed that， compared with the normal group， the model group showed increased immobility time in the tail suspension test， reduced total movement distance in the open field test， and elevated IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the serum（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the behavioral indicators of mice in the Baihe Dihuangtang treatment group were significantly improved in terms of tail suspension time and open field exercise， and the levels of IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were significantly reduced（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Baihe Dihuangtang prepared by the two processes both had antidepressant effects， and the difference between the two was not statistically significant in improving depressive symptoms. ConclusionQ-Marker of Baihe Dihuangtang prepared by modern and ancient methods are equivalent in content， and the pharmacological effects are consistent， indicating that dried Lilii Bulbus can replace fresh products in the preparation of Baihe Dihuangtang. This study provides a scientific basis for the development of new drugs of Baihe Dihuangtang and a reference for its rational application and clinical use.

ObjectiveBased on modern analytical techniques and a depressed mouse model established by chronic unpredictable mild stress（CUMS）， to evaluate the quality marker（Q-Marker） and pharmacodynamic difference of Baihe Dihuangtang prepared by different processes. MethodsHigh performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was used to establish the characteristic profiles of Baihe Dihuangtang， and determine the content of Q-Marker in the samples prepared by ancient and modern processes. Seventy C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the normal group， model group， fluoxetine group（3 mg·kg^-1）， low and high dose groups of ancient process（6.5， 26 g·kg^-1）， and low and high dose groups of modern process（6.5， 26 g·kg^-1）， with 10 mice in each group. Except for the normal group， CUMS was used to induce depression in mice from the other groups for 28 d. After successful modeling， administration groups were given the corresponding drugs by gavage every day， and the normal and model groups were given an equal volume of pure water by gavage for 21 consecutive days. Change in body mass of mice was recorded， tail suspension test and open field test were used to evaluate the depressive behavior of mice， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was employed to determine the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）， interleukin（IL）-1β and IL-6 in serum. ResultsCharacteristic profiles of Baihe Dihuangtang prepared by the two processes were established， the similarity between the two was 0.951， and 8 characteristic peaks were recognized with the reference peak of regaloside A. The results of quantitative analysis showed that the Q-Marker content was similar in Baihe Dihuangtang prepared by ancient and modern processes. The results of pharmacodynamics showed that， compared with the normal group， the model group showed increased immobility time in the tail suspension test， reduced total movement distance in the open field test， and elevated IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the serum（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the behavioral indicators of mice in the Baihe Dihuangtang treatment group were significantly improved in terms of tail suspension time and open field exercise， and the levels of IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were significantly reduced（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Baihe Dihuangtang prepared by the two processes both had antidepressant effects， and the difference between the two was not statistically significant in improving depressive symptoms. ConclusionQ-Marker of Baihe Dihuangtang prepared by modern and ancient methods are equivalent in content， and the pharmacological effects are consistent， indicating that dried Lilii Bulbus can replace fresh products in the preparation of Baihe Dihuangtang. This study provides a scientific basis for the development of new drugs of Baihe Dihuangtang and a reference for its rational application and clinical use.

Baihe Dihuangtang is a famous classical formula that has been respected by physicians in the past and is still used today. It was first recorded in ZHANG Zhongjing's Synopsis of the Golden Chamber， and is composed of Lilii Bulbus and Rehmanniae Radix juice. This paper systematically reviewed the research progress of historical evolution， pharmacological activities and clinical applications of Baihe Dihuangtang in recent years， and found that there was no major changes in the composition， decoction method and indications of this formula since the Han dynasty. According to the herbal textual research， the fleshy scaly leaves of Lilium brownii var. viridulum should be selected for Lilii Bulbus in this formula， and the tuberous roots of Rehmannia glutinosa were selected for Rehmanniae Radix. According to the dosage conversion of ancient and modern times， the dosage is 245 g of fresh Lilii Bulbus and 400 g of fresh Rehmanniae Radix， and the ratio of their juice is 1∶1. Its efficacy is to nourish Yin and clear heat， and to tonify the heart and lungs， which is used to treat the heart and lung Yin deficiency syndrome of lily disease. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that the research on the pharmacological effects of Baihe Dihuangtang mainly focuses on anti-depressant， anti-anxiety， improving insomnia and regulating metabolism， and it is mostly used clinically for neurological disorders such as depression， anxiety and insomnia. The quality marker（Q-Marker） of Baihe Dihuangtang were predicted according to the principles of ingredient specificity， component validity， component measurability， formula compatibility， and quality transmissibility and traceability， and it was determined that catalpol， rhmannioside D， regaloside A， regaloside B， regaloside C， and acteoside could be selected as potential Q-Markers of Baihe Dihuangtang， which could provide scientific reference for the establishment of the quality control system and the development of compound preparation of this famous classical formula.

OBJECTIVE To ascertain the substance benchmarks of the classic prescription Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction(HGWD),examine the quantitative value transfer throughout the entire process of HGWD,from herb pieces to decoction,concentrated solution and finally freeze-dried powder,and provide a valuable reference for the preparation method and scientific evaluation of bench-mark samples of classic prescriptions containing volatile substances.METHODS According to the Key information table of Ancient Classic Prescriptions(25 prescriptions)released by China,15 batches of HGWD were prepared.The multi-index content determination and characteristic chromatogram analysis methods were established,and the characteristic peak attribution and similarity evaluation were carried out.The multi-index contents of HGWD and its freeze-dried powder were investigated and compared,and the quantitative value transfer in the preparation process of decoction-concentrated solution-freeze-dried powder was analyzed.The physical form of the benchmark samples were scientifically and reasonably determined,and the content and transfer rate range of each component in the HGWD benchmark samples were determined,and the HGWD substance benchmarks were established.RESULTS The contents of cinnamaldehyde and cinnamyl alcohol in HGWD decreased significantly during the concentration and drying process,and the other in-dex components could be transferred more completely between the decoction,concentrated solution and freeze-dried powder.The simi-larity of the characteristic chromatograms of 15 batches of HGWD benchmark samples were all over 0.9,and 8 characteristic peaks were identified,which were from Paeoniae γadix Alba,Cinnamomi γamulus and Ginger.The paste-forming rate ranged from 8.0%to 11.0%.The content of Astragaloside Ⅳ was 0.04%-0.07%and the transfer rate was 9.0%-18.0%.The content of paeoniflorin was 1.5%-3.0%and the transfer rate was 33.0%-62.0%.The content of cinnamyl alcohol was 0.02%-0.04%,and the transfer rate was 25.0%-47.0%.The content of cinnamic aldehyde was 0.02%-0.05%and the transfer rate was 0.7%-1.5%.The content of cinnamic acid was 0.03%-0.06%and the transfer rate was 17.5%-34.0%.The content of 6-gingerol was 0.04%-0.08%and the transfer rate was 7.0%-14.0%.CONCLUSION The physical form of the decoction as the HGWD benchmark sample is deter-mined,which provides reference for the scientific selection of the physical form of the benchmark sample of classic prescriptions contai-ning volatile substances.The quality indexes of HGWD substance benchmarks are established,and the quantitative value transfer is an-alyzed,which provides the basis for the development of the classic prescription compound preparation.

Objective To analyze the correlations between platelet-related parameters and the incidence of anxiety and depression in the patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis(PD),and evaluate the efficacy of the pa-rameters in the diagnosis of anxiety and depression in PD patients.Methods A total of 245 patients undergoing PD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from September 2022 to February 2023 were enrolled.The gener-alized anxiety scale(GAD-7)and the patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9)were used to evaluate the anxiety and depression of the patients,respectively.The personal information and biochemical indicators of the patients were col-lected,and the platelet count(PLT),mean platelet volume(MPV),and platelet distribution width(PDW)were measured.Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the relationships of platelet-related parameters with anxiety and depression in PD patients.Results Among the 245 patients undergoing PD,the incidences of anxiety and depression were 15.9% and 38.0% ,respectively.There were differences in the dialysis period(Z=-2.358,P =0.018;Z =-3.079,P=0.002),MPV(Z=-4.953,P<0.001;Z=-7.878,P<0.001),and PDW(Z =-4.587,P<0.001;Z=-7.367,P<0.001)between the anxiety group and the non-anxiety group as well as between the de-pression group and the non-depression group.The correlation analysis showed that MPV(r =0.358,P<0.001;r =0.489,P<0.001)and PDW(r =0.340,P<0.001;r =0.447,P<0.001)were positively correlated with anxiety and depression in the patients undergoing PD.The Logistic regression model showed that MPV(P =0.022,P =0.011),PDW(P =0.041,P =0.018),and dialysis period(P =0.011,P =0.030)were independent risk factors for the anxiety and depressive state in PD patients.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of MPV in the diagnosis of anxiety and depression in PD patients were 0.750 and 0.800,respectively,and those of PDW were 0.732 and 0.780,respectively.Conclusion MPV and PDW have high efficacy in the diagnosis of anxiety and depression associated with PD and can be used as objective indicators to evaluate the anxiety and depression in the patients undergoing PD.

To evaluate the clinical value of a new method of guide wire extraction and single reverse-α fixation with short nasobiliary duct for oronasal conversion and fixation, patients who underwent endoscopic nasobiliary drainage in Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University from January to August 2022 were selected. They were randomly divided into guide wire extraction and single reverse-α fixation with short nasobiliary duct group (the observation group, n=145) and guide wire taking and reverse-α fixation group (the control group, n=71). The operation time, one-time operation success rate, adverse events, comfort and satisfaction between the two groups were compared. The operation time in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group [102 ( 91, 117) s VS 136 (127, 145) s, Z=-9.639, P<0.001]. The one-time operation success rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [88.28% (128/145) VS 67.61% (48/71), χ2=13.496], the nasopharynx stimulation score [1 (1, 2) VS 2 (1, 2), Z=-4.457] and adverse events incidence [4.14% (6/145) VS 15.49% (11/71), χ2=8.475] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). During the indwelling of nasobiliary duct, the bile drainage volume (179.45±81.54 mL VS 142.89±55.69 mL, t=3.407) and nursing satisfaction score (7.72±0.99 VS 6.06±1.07, t=11.337) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the comfort score (3.00±1.01 VS 4.83±0.99, t=-12.642) and incidence of adverse events [3.45% (5/145) VS 14.08% (10/71), χ2=8.344] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The operation time of nasobiliary duct removal in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (9.00±1.14 s VS 11.93±1.36 s, t=-16.616, P<0.001). In conclusion, the guide wire extraction and single reverse-α fixation with short nasobiliary duct for nasobiliary oronasal conversion and fixation in endoscopic nasobiliary drainage has the advantages of simple operation, small irritation response and low complication incidence, which is worth of clinical promotion.

Middle-aged women experienced foreign body sensation in both eyes without obvious causes for many days. The clinician tried to diagnose the patient according to her physical and laboratory examinations. After detecting worm bodies in the patient′s eye, and examining the worms with a microscope, the diagnosis of conjunctival sucking nematodes was confirmed. After targeted treatment, the patient′s symptoms improved significantly.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) combined with drugs in the prevention of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after joint replacement and its risk factors.Methods:A total of 80 patients receiving joint replacement surgery in Jinhua People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into observation and control groups, with 40 patients in each group. To prevent lower extremity deep venous thrombosis, the control group was given low molecular weight heparin, and the observation group was given IPC in addition to DVT. The incidence of DVT post-surgery and coagulation function pre- and post-surgery were compared between the two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions was recorded in each group. In addition, 40 patients who developed DVT after joint replacement surgery from January 2019 to December 2020 (DVT group) and 40 patients who did not develop DVT (no DVT group) were included. The factors influencing the occurrence of DVT were analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results:The incidence of DVT in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (5.00% vs. 20.00%, χ2 = 4.11, P < 0.05). At 7 days after surgery, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen in the observation group were (11.73 ± 0.51) seconds, (27.05 ± 1.17) seconds, (3.89 ± 0.52) g/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than (12.03 ± 0.43) seconds, (27.65 ± 1.30) seconds, and (4.18 ± 0.59) g/L in the control group ( t = 2.84, 2.33, 2.17, all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between observation and control groups (5.00% vs. 2.50%, χ2 = 0.00, P > 0.05). There were significant differences in age, body mass index, history of hypertension, and operative time between patients with DVT and those without DVT ( χ2 = 4.11, 5.16, 4.71, 8.65, all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age ( OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.239 - 2.014), body mass index ( OR = 6.71, 95% CI = 1.298 - 34.794), history of hypertension ( OR = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.980 - 5.296), operative time ( OR = 6.29, 95% CI = 2.058 - 19.225) were independent risk factors for DVT after joint replacement surgery (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:There are many factors that influence the occurrence of DVT after joint replacement surgery. Intermittent pneumatic compression combined with drugs for prevention of lower extremity DVT is safe and effective.

Objective:To analyze the correlation between the Naples prognostic score (NPS) after preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and evaluate the prognostic value of NPS in LARC.Methods:136 patients with LARC meeting the recruitment criteria from 2015 to 2020 were selected. Serum albumin, total cholesterol (TC) were collected and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio were calculated. All patients were scored and graded according to the NPS rule. The survival rate was calculated with Kaplan- Meier method. Multivariate prognostic analysis was performed by Cox models. Results:There was no significant correlation between NPS score and tumor regression or pathological complete response (pCR) of LARC patients after neoadjuvant therapy ( P=0.192, P=0.163). However, Cox multivariate analysis showed that NPS was an independent risk factor for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of LARC ( P=0.009, P=0.003), and hierarchical analysis suggested that LARC patients with lower NPS score obtained better prognosis. Besides NPS, tumor size was also an independent risk factor for OS, and tumor size and N stage were the independent risk factors for DFS. Conclusion:NPS has no correlation with tumor regression or pCR for LARC after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, whereas it could serve as an effective predictor for long-term prognosis of LARC.

OBJECTIVE：To es tablish the HPLC fingerprint of Arnebia euchroma ，analyze them with chemical pattern recognition technology ， and determine the contents of 3 components. METHODS ： HPLC method was adopted. Using acetylshikonin as reference ，HPLC fingerprint of 34 batches of A. euchroma from different sources were drawn. Similarity Evaluation System for TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012A edition ）was used to evaluate the similarity of the samples ，and common peaks were determined. SPSS 19.0 and SIMCA 14.1 statistical software was used for cluster analysis ，principle component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminate analysis. According to the standard of the variable importance in the project greater than 1，the differential markers affecting the quality difference of A. euchroma were screened. Meanwhile ，the contents of 3 components were determined by the same HPLC method. RESULTS ：There were 12 common peaks in HPLC fingerprints for 34 batches of A. euchroma . The similarity of other samples were more than 0.86，except that t he three （No.2016A3005-5） batches of medicinal herbs on the market were less than 0.72；3 common peaks were identified ， such as shikonin ，acetylshikonin， β ，β ′-dimethylacrylic acanine. These 34 batches of samples could be classified into two categories . S 1， qq.com S4-S6，S13，S15-S20，S22，S26-S34 were clustered into one category，and others clustered into the other category. By principal component analysis ，the contribution rates of three principle components were 52.834％ ，18.600％ and 8.387％ . Accumulative contribution rate was 79.821％ . Six constituents，such as shikonin，acetylshikonin and β，β'-dimethylacrylic acanine were screened as differential markers，representing the major differences of A. euchroma . The linear range of above three components were 0.72-90，2.05-410，2.50-500 µg/mL（r all more than 0.999）， respectively. The limits of quantification were 0.132，0.135，0.118 µg/mL，respectively. The limits of detection were 0.040，0.041， 0.036 µg/mL，respectively. RSDs of precision ，stability（24 h），reproducibility and durability tests were all lower than 3％. Recoveries were 95.959％-100.201％（RSD＝1.669％，n＝6），97.818％-102.698％（RSD＝1.788％，n＝6），95.831％-99.344％ （RSD＝1.600％，n＝6）. The contents of above three components were 0.002％-0.134％，0.025％-1.388％，0.022％-0.881％. CONCLUSIONS：Established HPLC fingerprint and content determination method are simple and stable ，can be used for quality evaluation and quantitative analysis of A. euchroma . Shikonin ，acetylshikonin and β，β'-dimethylacrylic acanine are different in the content and are differential markers of A. euchroma from different source.