[Objective]To explore the effects of electricity on sperm quality,sex hormone levels,and related proteins in TGF-β 1/smads signaling in testicular tissue.[Methods]Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,electroacupuncture group,and positive drug group.Adenine gavage method was used to establish the model,in the electroacupuncture group,rats received electroacupuncture treatment at the acupoints Zhongji,Guanyuan,Zusanli,and Sanyinjiao once daily for 30 minutes;in the positive drug group,rats were administered L-carnitine oral solution via gavage at a dosage of 10 mL/kg,both intervention groups underwent continuous treatment for 28 days.After treatment,the changes of sperm number,sperm motility rate,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),luteizing hormone(LH)and serum sex hormone testosterone(T)were detected by HE staining,and the expression of TGF-β-1/smads signaling pathway in testicular tissue was examined by Western Blot.[Results]Compared to the blank group,the model group showed a significant decrease in sperm count and sperm motility rate(P<0.05),both the electroacupuncture group and the positive drug group exhibited significant increases compared to the model group(P<0.05).Compared to the blank group,the model group had a significant decrease in serum testosterone(T)levels(P<0.05),and significant increases in serum FSH and LH levels(P<0.05);in comparison to the model group,the electroacupuncture group and the positive drug group showed significant increases in serum T levels(P<0.05),and significant decreases in serum FSH and LH levels(P<0.05).The HE staining results showed typical pathological features of AR in the testicular tissue of model group rats,with varying degrees of improvement observed in electroacupuncture and positive drug group rats.Western Blot analysis revealed that in the model group,the protein levels of TGF-β,p-smad2,and p-smad3 in the TGF-β1/smads pathway in testicular tissue were significantly increased(P<0.05);in comparison to the model group,the electroacupuncture group and the positive drug group showed significant decreases in the protein levels of TGF-β,p-smad2,and p-smad3(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Acupuncture can improve the sperm number and sperm motility rate,regulate sex hormone level and improve the spermatogenic environment,and affect the spermatogenesis process via TGF-β 1/smads signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the effects of total flavones of Dracocephalum moldavica L.(TFDM)on oxida-tive damage to retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)induced by high glucose(HG)and its mechanism.Methods RGCs of mice were taken as the research subjects.RGCs were inoculated in 24-well plates(with 2.5 × 104 cells in each well)and divided into control group(cultured with medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum for 48 h),HG group(cultured with medium containing 30 mmol·L-1 glucose for 48 h),HG+TFDM-L group(cultured with medium containing 30 mmol·L-1 glucose and 25 mg·L-1 TFDM for 48 h),HG+TFDM-M group(cultured with medium containing 30 mmol·L-1 glucose and 50 mg·L-1 TFDM for 48 h),HG+TFDM-H group(cultured with medium containing 30 mmol·L-1 glucose and 100 mg·L-1 TFDM for 48 h),miR-NC group(transfected with miR-NC and then cultured with medium containing 30 mmol·L-1 glu-cose for 48 h),miR-93-5p group(transfected with miR-93-5p mimics and then cultured with medium containing 30 mmol·L-1 glucose for 48 h),anti-miR-NC group(transfected with anti-miR-NC and then cultured with medium containing 100 mg·L-1 TFDM and 30 mmol·L-1 glucose for 48 h),and anti-miR-93-5p group(transfected with anti-miR-93-5p and then cultured with medium containing 100 mg·L-1 TFDM and 30 mmol·L-1 glucose for 48 h).Levels of RGCs oxidative stress indexes in each group were detected according to the kit instructions.The thiobarbituric acid method was used to measure the level of malondialdehyde(MDA),the colorimetric method was adopted to detect the levels of catalase(CAT)and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG),apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry,the messenger ribonucleic acid(mR-NA)expressions were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,the targeting regulation of miR-93-5p and E2F transcription factor 1(E2F1)were verified by dual luciferase reporter assay,and the protein expressions were de-tected by Western blot.Statistical analysis was conducted on the data of each group.Results In the HG group,the lev-els of MDA and 8-OHdG,apoptosis rate and Bax protein expression of RGCs were higher than those in the control group(all P＜0.05);the CAT level and Bcl-2 protein expression were lower than those in the control group(both P＜0.05).In the HG+TFDM-L group,HG+TFDM-M group and HG+TFDM-H group,the levels of MDA and 8-OHdG,apoptosis rate and Bax protein expression of RGCs were lower than those in the HG group(all P＜0.05);the CAT level and Bcl-2 protein expression were higher than those in the HG group,and those indexes gradually tended to those in the control group with the increase of TFDM concentrations(all P＜0.05).In the HG group,the miR-93-5p expression in RGCs was lower than that in the control group,and the mRNA and protein expressions of E2F1 were higher than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).In the HG+TFDM-L group,HG+TFDM-M group and HG+TFDM-H group,the miR-93-5p expression in RGCs was higher than that in the HG group,and the mRNA and protein expressions of E2F1 were lower than those in the HG group(all P＜0.05).The protein expression of E2F1 in RGCs of the miR-93-5p group was lower than that in the miR-NC group,and the protein expression of E2F1 in RGCs of the anti-miR-93-5p group was higher than that in the anti-miR-NC group(both P＜0.05).In the miR-93-5p group,the miR-93-5p expression was higher than that in the miR-NC group,the levels of MDA and 8-OHdG,apoptosis rate,and protein expressions of Bax and E2F1 were lower than those in the miR-NC group,and the CAT level and Bcl-2 protein expression were higher than those in the miR-NC group(all P＜0.05).Con-clusion TFDM can inhibit oxidative stress and cell apoptosis,and then reduce the damage to RGCs induced by HG.The mechanism may involve the regulation of miR-93-5p/E2Fl expression.

This article elaborated the connotation and characteristics of research-oriented hospital as well as its inner connection with the development of key disciplines , based on the system dynamics model data analysis of the National TCM Clinical Research Base . It gave suggestions in increasing discipline input , strengthening personnel training , and improving achievement output to research-oriented hospital construction in order to promote the construction of research-oriented hospitals .

This article took the research work of 16 national clinical research base construction units as its background in order to dig the connotation of health service efficiency . Through data envelopment analysis , a comprehensive exposition was given on the inputs and outputs relation of medical and health service efficiency in order to propose appropriate policy recommendations. The study was guided by the scientific development concept in order to gradually improve the efficiency of health services and achieve a comprehensive , coordinat-ed and sustainable development of the hospital .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of Chinese herbal recipe Weichang'an (WCA) in inducing cell apoptosis of human gastric cancer grafted onto nude mice. METHODS: The high performance liquid chromatography was used for monitoring the stability of WCA. A human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 grafted in nude mouse was used as the animal model. The mice were divided into untreated group and two experimental groups. Animals in the two experimental groups received either WCA over a 34-day period or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) over a 6-day period starting at the 8th day after grafting. Animals in the untreated group received normal saline on an identical schedule. Animals were killed 41 days after being grafted. To assess the effect of the treatment on tumor, the tumor weight was determined by the electron balance immediately after the animals were killed. SP immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in grafts. Apoptotic indices (AI) of the tumor cells were examined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate fluorescence nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. SP method was also used to detect the expressions of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9. SYBR green dye I real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time quantitative [corrected] PCR) was used to assess the related gene alterations in mRNA level. The expressions of phospho-Stat3 (Tyr705) and bcl-2 proteins were detected by using SP method. RESULTS: Compared with the untreated group, tumor growth was significantly inhibited by treatment of WCA or 5-FU (P<0.01, respectively). The tumor inhibition rate in the WCA-treated group was 48.70% and that in the 5-FU-treated group was 60.10%. The average labeling index (LI) for PCNA in the WCA-treated group and 5-FU-treated group was significantly decreased as compared with that in the untreated group, respectively. The AI of human gastric cancer grafted in the nude mice detected by using TUNEL method was significantly increased to (9.72+/-4.51)% in the WCA-treated group, while it was (2.45+/-1.37)% in the untreated group. 5-FU-treated group was also found a significantly increased AI compared with the untreated group. The expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 in the WCA-treated group and 5-FU-treated group were significantly increased as compared with those in the untreated group. But caspase-8 showed no significant alteration either in the WCA-treated group or in the 5-FU-treated group. The expression levels of Stat3 (2(-)delta delta C(T))=0.16) and bcl-2 (2(-)delta delta C(T))=0.10) detected by using real-time quantitative [corrected] PCR were lower in the WCA-treated group than those in the untreated group. The expressions of phospho-Stat3 (Tyr705) and bcl-2 in the WCA-treated group were significantly decreased as compared with those in the untreated group. CONCLUSIONS: Chinese herbal recipe WCA can inhibit gastric cancer cell SGC-7901 growth in vivo, induce gastric cancer cell apoptosis and suppress the cell proliferation. WCA induces apoptosis through the caspase-9 and caspase-3 pathway in vivo. Its mechanism might be involved in the down-regulation of Stat3 and bcl-2 genes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the growth-inhibiting and anti-metastasis effects of Weichang'an Decoction (WCAD) on orthotopic transplant nude mouse model of human gastric cancer. METHODS: Forty-one nude mice were implanted with SGC-7901 cells at orthotopic site, whereas 25 were implanted with SGC-7901 cells subcutaneously. Then the nude mice in each transplantation model were divided into the same three groups which were WCAD-treated group with WCAD 0.5 ml/d taken orally, 5-FU-treated group with 5-FU 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally injected weekly and untreated control group with physiological saline 0.5 ml/d taken orally. The growth-inhibiting rates of transplant tumors were detected and the metastatic lesions were examined in the orthotopic transplant mouse model while PCNA-positive rate and apoptotic index (AI) were observed in the subcutaneous transplant mouse model. RESULTS: The growth-inhibiting rates in the WCAD-treated and 5-FU-treated groups of orthotopic transplant mouse model were 40.82% and 37.92% respectively whereas those of subcutaneous transplant mouse model were 48.70% and 60.10%. The incidence rates of metastasis in perigastric lymph notes, lymph nodes in the porta hepatis, liver, diaphragm and peritoneum in the WCAD-treated and 5-FU-treated groups were lower than those in the untreated control group, and the total metastasis rates in the WCAD-treated, 5-FU-treated and the untreated control groups were 30.77%, 28.57% and 71.43% respectively with significant differences (P<0.05). The total PCNA-positive rates in the WCAD-treated and 5-FU-treated groups were obviously lower than that in the untreated control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01) while the AI was higher than that in the untreated control group (P<0.01). The growth-inhibiting rate, total PCNA-positive rate and total metastasis rate in the WCAD-treated group had no significant differences as compared with those in the 5-FU-treated group, but the AI in the WCAD-treated group was significantly higher than that in the 5-FU-treated group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: WCAD has the inhibiting effects on tumor growth and metastasis of gastric cancer which is orthotopic implanted onto nude mice. This effect may be obtained by proliferation suppression and apoptosis induction in cancer.

Mature dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells that initiate primary immune responses, while immature dendritic cells have quite different properties from mature dendritic cells and are tolerance inducer actually. Here we describe the method of using monocyte condition medium to generate dendritic cells of different maturation phases from nonproliferating progenitors in human peripheral blood. The procedure involves two steps. The first step(or priming phase) is to work on a 6-7-day culture of plastic-adherent blood monocyte in medium supplement with GM-CSF and IL-4. The second step (or differentiation phase) requires the exposure to monocyte conditioned medium. Only the dendritic cells generated by the first step are actually immature, with strong immature dendritic cell features such as active endocytosis, the same expression of monocyte marker CD14, and much of the MHC class II still lies within intracellular compartments (MIIC). The second stage dendritic cells have all the features of mature dendritic cell, including a stellate shape, nonadherence to plastic, the expression of dendritic cells restricted marker CD83, and very strong T cell stimulatory function. All of these dendritic cell properties are retained for at least 3 days when the cytokines are removed, suggesting that these populations are stable and terminally differentiated. Since progression from immature to mature dendritic cell is entirely dependent on exogenously added growth factor such as monocyte condition medium, the peripheral blood monocyte may help to harness synchronized population of mature and immature dendritic cells for studies or therapies.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; chemistry ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; chemistry ; Humans ; Interleukin-4 ; chemistry ; Monocytes ; cytology

Objective To study the clinicopathological significance of the expression of glutameta decarboxylase 65(GDA65) and protein kinase C(PKC) in the central cancer tissues, cancer edge tissues, paracancerous liver tissue and non-cancer liver tissues. Methods The expression of GDA65 and PKC were detected by immunohistochemical method in 10% neutral formalin- fixed and routinely paraffin-embedded sections in 37 hepatic cancer specimen. Results The positive rate and the score of GDA65 and PKC in the cancer tissues were significantly higher than that in the paracancer tissues or non-cancer liver tissues, but the PKC expression was no difference between the central cancer tissues and the cancer edge tissues . The expression of GDA 65 was related to the pathological types, differentiated degrees, liver cirrhosis or metastasis of hepatocarcinomas. No correlation was found between the expression of PKC and the clinicopathological features of hepatocarcinomas. Conclusions The expression of GDA65 and PKC might be closely related to the carcinogenesis of hepatocarcinoma, they might be important biological markers of hepatocarcinoma.

Objective To study the effect of expression of myoglobin which mediated by adenovirus,on ATP value of liver and the protective effect on liver ischemia reperfusion injury.Methods Adenovirus carrying CMV promoter sequences linked to the human myoglobin gene(AdCMVMyo) were transfected into rats liver. Then myoglobin, hepatic ATP levels and liver function were evaluated. Results Myoglobin expression was verified in rat livers after AdCMVMyo transfection. The ATP levels in rat livers 72 hours after AdCMVMyo transfection were significantly higher than that in control group(P

Objective To study the significance of expressions of smad_4mRNA,TGF-?_1, and TGF-?R_1 in pancreatic carcinoma(PC) . Methods Smad_4mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization. TGF-?_1 and TGF-?R_1 were detected by immunohistochemical method. Results The positive rates of smad_4mRNA,TGF-?_1 and TGF-?R_1 were singnificantly lower in 53 slices of pancreatic carcinoma than those in 25 slices of paracancerous tissue (all P