OBJECTIVE To evaluate the comprehensive quality of Houttuynia cordata from different producing areas. METHODS Using total flavonoids， water-soluble extract， moisture， total ash and acid-insoluble ash as indicators， the entropy weight method was used to objectively weigh each indicator， and the relative correlation degree （r）i calculated by grey correlation method was used as a measure to comprehensively evaluate the quality of H. cordata. RESULTS The weights of total flavonoids， total ash， moisture， acid-insoluble ash， and water-soluble extract were 0.295 5， 0.227 3， 0.188 7， 0.145 1， and 0.143 4， respectively. The weights of total flavonoids and total ash were relatively large. The ri of 30 batches of H. cordata ranged from 0.233 2 to 0.673 9； the average ri of samples from Quanzhou County and Ziyuan County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were the highest， which were 0.638 3 and 0.598 7， respectively， followed by samples from Lingchuan County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region （0.556 1） and Jianshui County of Yunnan Province （0.452 8）. The quality of medicinal materials produced in the above producing areas was generally good and stable. CONCLUSIONS Entropy weight method combined with the grey correlation method can be used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of H. cordata. The overall quality of H. cordata produced in Quanzhou County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is the best.

Objective: To understand current situation epidemiology and associated factors of suicidal ideation among high school students in Yixing, so as to provide basis for targeted intervention. Methods: From March to May 2019, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 12 799 students from 3 junior high schools and 4 senior high schools in Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, using a stratified cluster random sampling method. Latent profile analysis was used to classify suicidal ideation among high school students, the chi square test was used to compare the differences in suicidal ideation among different characteristics of students, multiple Logistic regression was used to analyze influencing factors, a risk predictive nomogram model was constructed and then verified. Results: Three latent classes of suicidal ideation among high school students was divided into three categories were observed: none or mild, moderate, and severe. Among them, 3 034 (23.7%) had moderate suicidal ideation and 753 (5.9%) had severe suicidal ideation. The Logistic regression results showed that gender was female, academic performance was lower midrange, smoking, drinking, popularity with classmates(less popular and unpopularity), family member relationships(general/occasional contradictions/contradictions), trust in others(more trusted/less trusted/less trusted at all), past or current relationships, physical bullying, relationship bullying, verbal bullying, and sexual bullying were the influencing factors for severe suicidal ideation among students ( OR =3.27； 2.18 ；1.63；1.72；2.66, 6.05；3.00,3.29, 6.38；1.71, 6.04, 12.48； 2.50； 1.59； 2.16； 1.45； 1.63, P <0.05). The nomogram prediction model had good discrimination. Conclusions Suicide ideation is influenced by multiple factors. Family and peer situations, as well as being bullied, are all related to the degree the severity of suicidal ideation. Efforts can be made to improve students family and interpersonal relationships, control bullying, then reduce their suicidal ideation which might help prevent suicide ideation among students.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism and pathway of Gandou Fumu decoction （GDFMD） in the development of liver fibrosis in Wilson's disease （WD）. MethodFirst， 30 TX-j mice were randomly divided into the model group， high-dose， medium-dose， and low-dose GDFMD groups， and penicillamine group， with six mice in each group， and another six wild-type mice were used as the normal group. The high-dose， medium-dose， and low-dose GDFMD groups were intragastrically administered drugs of 13.92， 6.96， 3.48 g·kg^-1. In the penicillamine group， 0.1 g·kg^-1 of penicillamine was given by intragastric administration. The model group and the normal group were given equal volume of normal saline， once a day， for four consecutive weeks. Samples were collected four weeks after gavage， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect type Ⅲ procollagen peptide （PCⅢ）， collagen type Ⅳ （Col Ⅳ）， hyaluronic acid （HA）， and laminin （LN）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE）， Masson， and picric acid-Sirus red collagen （Sirus Red） staining were used to observe the histopathological changes of liver fibrosis. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， immunohistochemistry， and Western blot were used to observe the expressions of α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） and collagen type Ⅰ （Col Ⅰ）， which were related to the activation of hepatic stellate cells （HSCs）. The expression of miR-29b-3p was observed by Real-time PCR. The expression of Unc-51-like kinase 1 （ULK1） and its downstream-related factors were observed by Western blot. The downstream genes of miR-29b-3p were verified by the dual luciferase reporter gene detection method. ResultCompared with the normal group， the four items of liver fibrosis （PCⅢ， Col Ⅳ， HA， and LN） in the model group were significantly abnormal （P<0.01）， and the pathology was significantly abnormal. The expression of HSC activation-related indicators including α-SMA and Col Ⅰ， as well as α-SMA mRNA and Col Ⅰ mRNA was up-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and miR-29b-3p expression was down-regulated （P<0.01）. ULK1， p-ULK1， autophagy-related gene 13 （Atg13）， p-Atg13， Beclin-1， FAK family kinase-interacting protein of 200 kDa （FIP200）， activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 （AMBKA1）， and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3Ⅱ/Ⅰ（LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ） were up-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. p62 protein expression was down-regulated （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the four items of liver fibrosis in the high-dose， medium-dose， and low-dose GDFMD groups and the penicillamine group were significantly improve （P<0.01）， and the pathological conditions were improved. The expression of HSC activation-related indicators including α-SMA and Col Ⅰ， as well as α-SMA mRNA and Col Ⅰ mRNA was down-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the expression of miR-29b-3p was up-regulated （P<0.01）. ULK1， p-ULK1， Atg13， p-Atg13， Beclin-1， FIP200， AMBKA1， and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ were down-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and p62 protein expression was up-regulated （P<0.01）. The prediction software predicted that there was a binding site between miR-29b-3p and ULK1. The dual-luciferase reporter gene detection method indicated that the luciferase activity of the ULK1-WT plasmid-transfected cell group was reduced when miR-29b-3p mimics were co-cultured （P<0.01）. ConclusionGDFMD can regulate ULK1-mediated autophagy by up-regulating miR-29b-3p and further exert its anti-hepatic fibrosis effect in Wilson's disease.

Peak picking is one of the essential steps in non-targeted metabolomics data preprocessing based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Among various peak-picking algorithms,centWave algorithm based on continuous wavelet transform has been widely adopted in high-resolution mass spectrometry.In this study,the optimization effects of two centWave parameter optimization algorithms,IPO and centWave Sweep,were compared.Two datasets including metabolite standards and urine were used for comprehensive evaluation of these two algorithms with respect to three indicators:good peak shape ratio,reliable peak ratio,and repeatable peak ratio.To quickly and accurately distinguish good and bad peak shapes,three ensemble learning algorithms,random forest,adaboost and gradient boosting decision tree,were selected to establish a model for distinguishing chromatographic peak shape.Finally,according to the accuracy and F1 score,random forest was selected to establish a discrimination model(Accuracy 93.5%,F1 score 0.938).Compared with recommended parameters of XCMS Online,the proportion of reliable peaks and the proportion of repeatable peaks of two parameter optimization algorithms were improved in different datasets.However,when it came to the proportion of peaks with good shape,there was no significant difference between the optimized parameters and the parameters recommended by XCMS Online in different datasets.Furthermore,all three parameter settings resulted in relatively low proportions of peaks with good shape.The results indicated that the current parameter optimization algorithm was unable to improve the proportion of peaks with good shape.An excessive number of bad shape peaks could not only decrease the statistical power of analysis but also generate false positive results.Therefore,it was critical to perform additional confirmation of potential markers in the practical application of metabolomics researches.

Objective To observe the effect of ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block at lateral supra-arcuate ligament(QLB-LSAL)and transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)on analgesia and recovery quality after laparoscopic partial hepatectomy(LPH).Methods Fifty-eight patients underwent elective LPH were selected and divided into the quadratus lumborum group or the transversus abdominis group randomly,with 29 patients in each group.The quadratus lumborum group received bilateral QLB-LSAL,and the transversus abdominis group received bilateral subcostal TAPB block before surgery.Both groups received 20 mL of 0.33%ropivacaine on each side.All patients used patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)postoperatively.The numeric rating scale(NRS)scores for rest and movement were recorded at 2,4,6,12,24 and 48 hours postoperatively,as well as the Quality of Recovery-15(QoR-15)scores at 1 day preoperatively,1 and 3 days postoperatively.The perioperative anesthetic agent consumption,PCIA pressing frequency,remedial analgesia use in 48 h,postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)incidence and time of first out-of-bed mobilization were also recorded.Results Compared with the transversus abdominis group,the quadratus lumborum group had lower movement NRS scores at 2,4,6,12,24 and 48 hours postoperatively,and lower rest NRS scores at 2,4,6,12 and 24 hours postoperatively(P＜0.05).The quadratus lumborum group had higher QoR-15 scores at 1 and 3 days postoperatively(P＜0.05).Patients in the quadratus lumborum group had reduced perioperative remifentanil and sufentanil consumption,postoperative 48-hour rescue analgesia use,PCIA pressing frequency,PONV incidence and time of first out-of-bed mobilization(P＜0.05).Conclusion QLB-LSAL block provides superior analgesic effects and recovery quality compared to TAPB block after LPH.

BACKGROUND:High-methionine diet can cause liver injury in Cbs+/-mice,and hyperhomocystinemia is related to the occurrence and progression of various liver-related diseases,such as hepatic steatosis,autoimmune hepatitis,and alcoholic fatty liver disease.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are involved in various cellular processes including cell survival,differentiation and autophagy,which are of great significance. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the critical role of miR-144-3p on Cbs+/-mouse hepatocyte autophagy induced by high methionine die. METHODS:(1)Ten male cystathione-β-synthase normal(Cbs+/+)mice and another 10 male mice with single gene knockout(Cbs+/-)of similar body mass,4 weeks of age,were fed a high-methionine diet and executed after 12 weeks to take liver tissue.(2)Human hepatocytes(HL-7702)were cultured in vitro and divided into control[0 μmol/L homocysteine(Hcy)],Hcy(100 μmol/L Hcy),mimic-NC(transfected with mimic-NC),mimic-NC + Hcy(mimic-NC transfecton+100 μmol/L Hcy),miR-144-3p mimic(transfected with miR-144-3p mimic),and miR-144-3p mimic + Hcy(miR-144-3p mimic transfection+100 μ mol/L Hcy),inhibitor-NC(transfected with inhibitor-NC),inhibitor-NC + Hcy(inhibitor-NC transfection + 100 μmol/L Hcy),miR-144-3p inhibitor(transfected with miR-144-3p inhibitor),and miR-144-3p inhibitor + Hcy(miR-144-3p inhibitor transfection + 100 μmol/L Hcy).Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-144-3p in liver tissue and hepatocytes.After transfection of miR-144-3p mimic or inhibitor,quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were used to detect the transfection efficiency of miR-144-3p and its effect on the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3B and p62.The levels of alanine transferase and aspartate aminotransferase in hepatocyte supernatants were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The correlation between the expression of miR-144-3 in hepatocyte and the levels of alanine transferase and aspartate aminotransferase in hepatocyte supernatants were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the Cbs+/+ group and control group,the expression of miR-144-3p in the liver tissue of the Cbs+/-group and in hepatocytes of the Hcy group was decreased(P<0.01).The expression of LC3B-Ⅱ/Ⅰ was decreased in hepatocyte after transfection of miR-144-3p mimic,while the protein expression of p62 was increased(P<0.01).The opposite results were obtained after transfection of miR-144-3p inhibitor(P<0.01).Compared with the mimic-NC group,the levels of alanine transferase and aspartate aminotransferase were decreased in the miR-144-3p mimic group(P<0.01),while the opposite results were obtained in the inhibitor-NC group(P<0.01).The expression of miR-144-3p in hepatocytes was negatively correlated with the levels of alanine transferase(P<0.01,r=-0.887 6)and aspartate aminotransferase(P<0.01,r=-0.829 9)in the supernatant of hepatocytes.To conclude,Hcy promotes hepatocyte autophagy by inhibiting the expression of miR-144-3p,which subsequently aggravates liver injury.

Human-animal interaction has a long-standing tradition dating back to ancient times. With the rapid advancements in intelligent chips, wearable devices, and machine algorithms, the intelligent interaction between animals and electronic technology, facilitated by electronic devices and systems for communication, perception, and control, has become a reality. These electronic devices aim to implement an animal-centric working mode to enhance human understanding of animals and promote the development of animal intelligence and creativity. This article takes medium-sized and large animals as research objects, with the goal of developing their ability enhancement, and introduces the concept of “intelligent animal augmentation system (IAAS)”. This concept is used to describe the characteristics of such devices and provides a comprehensive overview of existing animal and computer interface solutions. In general, IAAS can be divided into implantable and non-implantable types, each composed of interface platforms, perception and interpretation, control and instruction components. Through various levels of enhancement systems and architectural patterns, intelligent interaction between humans and animals can be realized. Although existing IAAS still lack a complete independent interaction system architecture, they hold great promise and development space in the future. Not only can they be applied as substitutes for cutting-edge devices and transportation equipment, but they are also expected to achieve cross-species information interaction through intelligent interconnection. Additionally, IAAS can promote bidirectional interaction between humans and animals, playing a significant role in advancing animal ethics and ecological protection. Furthermore, the development of interaction models based on animal subjects can provide insightful research experiences for the design of human-computer interaction systems, thereby contributing to the more efficient realization of the ambitious goal of human-machine integration.

Objective To elucidate utilization patterns,cost and safety of Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors(BTKi)in the real world.Methods A retrospective cohort was designed and constructed using real-world BTKi data from a single lymphoma center.Descriptive analysis was performed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of the population.Medicine utilization and cost were quantified by defined daily doses(DDDs)and defined daily dose cost(DDDc),respectively.A generalized estimating equation(GEE)was used to explore the potential influencing factors of platelet aggregation rate(PAR).Results The study cohort included 193 patients[median age,65 years;77(39.90％)women],most of whom received ibrutinib(n=109,56.48％),and 77.20％patients combined BTKi with chemotherapy or targeted therapy.The implementation of national negotiation policy had a large impact on medicine utilization and cost.The DDDs difference between the two BTKis was reduced from 18.55 to 1.41 times.The DDDc for ibrutinib decreased from 1 619.99 Yuan to 567.00 Yuan,and that for zanubrutinib from 706.25 Yuan to 340.00 Yuan was already lower than ibrutinib.Interruptions were more readily observed in patients treated with ibrutinib,and hematological toxicity was the main adverse drug event(ADE)leading to treatment interruption.Besides,the GEE model showed that combining BTKi with antiplatelet medication significantly decreases the PAR[β=-34.35％,95％confidence interval(CI):-41.60％--27.11％,P＜0.001].Compared to zanubrutinib,ibrutinib also notably reduces the PAR(β=-12.38％,95％CI:-24.50％--0.27％,P＜0.05).Conclusion After the implementation of national negotiation policy,there is no significant difference in the clinical preference for two BTKis.Compared with ibrutinib,zanubrutinib showed an advantage in terms of economic profile,treatment interruptions caused by ADE,and the effect on PAR.

Objective To study the effect of Hedysarum polysaccharides(HPS)on the expression of transforming growth factor-β,(TGF-β1),smad homologue 3 recombinant protein(smad3)and smad7 in renal tissue of db/db mice with diabetic nephropathy(DN).Methods According to their body weight,6-week-old male db/db mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:model group(0.9％NaCl 0.2 mL·d-1),positive control group(22.75 mg·kg-1·d-1 irbesartan)and experimental-H,-M,-L groups(200,100,50 mg kg-1·d-1 HPS),with 10 mice in each group;another 10 SPF grade male C57BL/6 mice of the same week were selected as normal group(0.9％NaCl 0.2mL·d-1).The mice in the 6 groups were given intragastric administration once a day for 12 weeks.The blood glucose concentration of mice was measured before treatment and at the 4th,8th and 12th week after treatment.The expression levels of TGF-β1,smad3 and smad7 were detected by Western blotting.Results After treatment,the blood glucose levels of the model group was significantly higher than those of the normal group(all P＜0.01);compared with the model group,the levels of blood glucose in the experimental-H,-M groups decreased significantly,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The relative expression levels of TGF-β,protein in normal group,model group,positive control group and experimental-H,-M groups were 0.71±0.16,1.66±0.18,1.00±0.17,0.88±0.15 and 1.23±0.15;the relative expression levels of smad3 protein were 0.89±0.32,2.26±0.35,1.24±0.31,1.05±0.30 and 1.67±0.35;the relative expression levels of smad7 protein were 1.66±0.03,0.60±0.03,1.10±0.07,1.48±0.08 and 0.97±0.09;there were statistically significant differences between the experimental-H,-M groups and the model group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Hedysarum polysaccharides can improve renal fibrosis and delay the development of diabetic nephropathy by regulating the level of blood glucose,inhibiting TGF-β1,smad3 and increasing the expression of smad7.

Objective:To introduce a surgical technique of " short distances and multi-segment" buried-guiding suture method and its effects in the surgery of early descent of prosthesis after augmentation mammaplasty.Methods:From August 2019 to January 2022, 15 cases of early descent of prosthesis after augmentation mammaplasty due to axillary approach breast augmentation for micromastia were admitted to the Plastic Surgery Department of Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital, aged 23-35 years (27.3±3.6) and duration of dislocation from 16 to 35 days (23.8±5.8). There were 12 patients showed unilateral prosthesis drops and 3 patients showed bilateral prosthesis drops. " Short distances and multi-segment" buried-guiding suture method was used to solve the problem, i. e., 2-0 non-absorbable sutures were used to eliminate the lower pole of prosthetic cavity with " short distances and multi-segment" sutures. The distance from the nipple to the midline of the sternum, the distance from the sternotomy to the nipple, the distance from the nipple to the inframammary fold and the distance from the midclavicular point to the inframammary fold were measured bilaterally before and after surgery, and statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the " short distances and multi-segment" buried-guiding suture method for early descent of prosthesis after breast augmentation.Results:All incisions healed by first intention without complications such as hematoma, infection, or scar hyperplasia. 15 patients were followed up for 6-12 months (8.0±1.9). 14 patients were satisfied with the results after surgery, and 1 patient received satisfactory results after secondary surgery. The distance from nipple to inframammary fold was shortened by 0.8-1.4 cm after surgery (1.2±0.2), and the distance from mid-clavicle to inframammary fold was shortened by 1.0-1.6 cm (1.3±0.4), and the differences were statistically significant as compared with the values before surgery ( t=31.17, P<0.05; t=33.78, P<0.05). After surgery, the change in the distance from nipple to sternal was 0.1-0.3 cm (0.16±0.10), and the change in the distance from sternal notch to nipple was 0-0.2 cm (0.12±0.10), and the differences were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusions:With the advantages of simple operation, little trauma and no additional incision, the " short distance and multi-stage" buried-guiding suture method in the surgery of early descent of prosthesis after augmentation mammaplasty is worthy of clinical application.