ObjectiveTo investigate the intervention effects and mechanisms of the flavonoid hyperoside （Hyp） on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced inflammation in the zebrafish model. MethodsZebrafish larvae were either microinjected with 0.5 g·L^-1 LPS or immersed in 1 g·L^-1 LPS for the modeling of inflammation. The larvae were then treated with Hyp at 25， 50， and 100 mg·L^-1 through immersion for four consecutive days. The inflammatory phenotypes were assessed by analyzing the mortality rate， malformation rate， body length， and yolk sac area ratio. Behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate the inflammatory stress responses， and macrophage migration was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Additionally， the mRNA levels of inflammation-related genes， including interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 （CCL2）， chemokine C-X3-C motif receptor 1 （CX3CR1）， chemokine C-C motif receptor 2 （CCR2）， and genes associated with the Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）/myeloid differentiation factor 88 （MyD88）/nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB） signaling pathway， were measured by Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）. ResultsCompared with the pure water injection group， the model group exhibited increased mortality， malformation rates and yolk sac area ratio （P0.01）， reduced body length （P0.01）， increased total swimming distance and high-speed swimming duration （P0.01）， and up-regulated mRNA levels of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB， IL-1β， IL-6， CCL2， CX3CR1， and CCR2 （P0.01）. Hyp at low， medium and high doses， as well as aspirin， reduced the mortality and malformation rates （P0.05，P0.01）， increased the body length （P0.05，P0.01）， decreased the yolk sac area ratio （P0.01）， reduced the high-speed swimming duration （P0.01）， and down-regulated the mRNA levels of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB， IL-1β， IL-6， CCL2， CX3CR1， and CCR2 （P0.05，P0.01） compared with the model group. ConclusionHyp may modulate the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway to ameliorate inflammatory phenotypes and alleviate stress conditions in zebrafish， thereby exerting the anti-inflammatory effect.

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Yufu ointment for acute radiation-induced skin injury. Methods:We enrolled a total of 104 patients with malignant tumors who developed acute skin injury of grade 2-3 during or after the first course of radiotherapy from June 2019 to February 2023. The observation group ( n=53) and control group ( n=51) received external application of Yufu ointment and Shirun Shaoshang ointment, respectively. We recorded the changes in the grade of skin injury and associated symptoms (such as pain, itching, and burning sensation) and healing speed and time for the two groups. Results:A total of 102 patients completed the study, with 53 cases in the observation group and 49 cases in the control group. The incidence rate of moisture skin lesions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (62.26% vs. 83.67%, P<0.05). The healing speed of moisture skin ulcerations was significantly faster in the observation group than in the control group (1.67 cm 2/d vs. 0.55 cm 2/d, P<0.05). The observation group had a significantly shorter time to skin injury healing than the control group (10.40 d vs. 14.41 d, P<0.05), significantly different for skin injury of grade 2 (10.21 d vs. 17.57 d, P<0.05) but not for skin injury of grades 2.5 and 3 ( P>0.05). Regarding clinical symptoms, both groups experienced significant reductions in pain and burning sensation scores after treatment ( P<0.05); the grade of itching was significantly decreased for the observation group ( P<0.05), but had no significant change for the control group after treatment ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Yufu ointment can significantly alleviate secondary damage for patients with acute radiation-induced skin injury, by accelerating the healing process and relieving symptoms such as pain, itching, and burning sensation with good tolerability, which deserves further promotion.

Purpose: The prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is extremely poor, and systemic therapy is currently the mainstream treatment. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib combined with anti–programmed cell death-1 antibodies and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (triple therapy) in patients with HCC and PVTT. Materials and Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included patients with HCC and PVTT who received triple therapy, were aged between 18 and 75 years, classified as Child-Pugh class A or B, and had at least one measurable lesion. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates, and disease control rates were analyzed to assess efficacy. Treatment-related adverse events were analyzed to assess safety profiles. Results: During a median follow-up of 11.23 months (range, 3.07 to 34.37 months), the median OS was greater than 24 months, and median PFS was 12.53 months. The 2-year OS rate was 54.9%. The objective response rate and disease control rate were 69.8% (74/106) and 84.0% (89/106), respectively; 20.8% (22/106) of the patients experienced grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events and no treatment-related deaths occurred. The conversion rate to liver resection was 31.1% (33/106), with manageable postoperative complications. The median OS was not reached in the surgery group, but was 19.08 months in the non-surgery group. The median PFS in the surgery and non-surgery groups were 20.50 and 9.00 months, respectively. Conclusion Triple therapy showed promising survival benefits and high response rates in patients with HCC and PVTT, with manageable adverse effects.

Objective To investigate the correlations of serum eukaryotic translation promoter 2α (eIF2α) and activated transcription factor 4 (ATF4) levels with the degree of renal tissue injury and renal function in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods A total of 102 patients with DN (DN group) and 102 patients with simple diabetes (control group) were selected. According to the severe degree of renal tissue damage, the patients with DN were divided into microalbuminuria group (MG group, 35 cases) and dominant albuminuria group (PG group, 41 cases) and renal dysfunction group (RIG group, 26 cases). Serum levels of eIF2α, ATF4, urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Scr), cystatin C (CysC) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were measured. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations of eIF2α and ATF4 with BUN, Scr, CysC and eGFR; multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of DN; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of eIF2α and ATF4 in diagnostic of DN. Results Serum levels of eIF2α, ATF4, BUN, Scr and CysC in the DN group were higher than those in control group, eGFR was lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). Serum eIF2α and ATF4levels in the RIG group were higher than those in PG and MG groups (P < 0.05). Serum eIF2α and ATF4 levels in DN patients were positively correlated with BUN, Scr and CysC, and negatively correlated with eGFR (P < 0.05). Long duration of diabetes, higher body mass index, high level of eIF2α and high level of ATF4 were risk factors for DN (P < 0.05). The area under the curve of eIF2α and ATF4 in diagnosis DN was 0.770 and 0.799, respectively, and the area under the curve of their combined diagnosis was 0.879, which was higher than that of single diagnosis (P < 0.05). Conclusion Serum levels of eIF2α and ATF4 are increased in patients with DN, which is related to the severity of renal injury and renal dysfunction in DN. The combination of eIF2α and ATF4 is of high value in the diagnosis of DN.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Danggui Shaoyaosan （DSS） on the morphology and function of mitochondria in rats model of Alzheimer's disease （AD） and its possible mechanism. MethodRats model of AD was established by injection of streptozocin （STZ） into bilateral ventricles of SD rats. The 40 rats were randomly divided into sham group， model group， low， medium and high dosages of Danggui Shaoyaosan （12，24，36 g·kg^-1·d^-1） groups，observed the morphological changes of mitochondria in hippocampus of rats by electron microscopy after 14 days of continuous gavage. In situ end labeling（TUNEL） staining used to detect apoptosis and immunofluorescencereactive used to observe the expression of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ coactivator lalpha （PGC-1α），quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）detected the mRNA expression of dynamin-related protein 1 （Drp1），mitochondrial fusion protein 2 （MFN2） ，cytochrome C oxidase subunit Ⅳ （COX Ⅳ） and PGC-1α. Western blot detected the protein expression of adenosine 5'-monophosphate （AMP）-activated protein kinase （AMPK），phosphorylation（p）-AMPK，recombinant Sirtuin 1 （SIRT1） and PGC-1α. ResultCompared with the sham group，the results of model group showed that the damage of mitochondria in hippocampus was more obvious，accelerated the ROS production and apoptosis rate （P<0.01），decreased the mRNA level of MFN2，COX Ⅳ，PGC-1α，increased the mRNA level of Drp1，and descended the protein of p-AMPK/AMPK，SIRT1，PGC-1α （P<0.05，P<0.01）.Compared with the model group，the medium and high dose of DSS group notably improved the damage of mitochondria，reduced the production of ROS and apoptosis rate （P<0.01），promoted the mRNA expression of MFN2，COX Ⅳ，PGC-1α，inhibited the mRNA expression of Drp1，and up-regulated the protein of p-AMPK/AMPK，SIRT1，PGC-1α （P<0.01）. ResultDSS can significantly ameliorate the mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance in AD rats.

: ,Objective To analyze the current status and development trends of the patents of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in China, and to provide ideas and references for the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food. Methods: The State Administration for Market Regulation website’s “Special Food Information Query Platform” and the incoPat global patent database were searched in this study. Based on the methods of bibliometrics, the registered health food and patents related to spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in China were sorted out. Furthermore, the research and development numbers, provinces, institutions, technology and efficacy classification, major drugs, active ingredients and others of invigorating spleen health food in China were analyzed, and filtered patent data were visualized and analyzed by R programming language and CytoScape software. Results: A total of 285 patents of health food with the homology of medicine and food for invigorating spleen were included and analyzed. From 2012, the patent registration numbers of these spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food increased significantly in China. Over the past 20 years, the top five provinces in terms of patent disclosures were Guangdong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong, and Guangxi. It was found that the technical efficacy of over 20 patents was described as “immune enhancement” “digestion” “disease prevention”, etc. Patent applications were mainly aimed at the research and development of the preservation of food or ingredients, the specific therapeutic activity of compounds, and pharmaceutical preparations, which were led by corporation research and development registrations, and supplemented by applications from research institutions and individuals. Among the 285 patents, the top 10 raw materials of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food were Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Fengmi (Mel), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), and Dangshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). The main functions were to nourish spleen and replenish Qi, invigorate spleen and benefit lungs, nourish blood and promote fluid production, and nourish spleen and stomach. Conclusion The main drug composition and functional components of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food are relatively clear, and the technical effects of invigorating the spleen and stomach, eliminating accumulation of food, and enhancing immunity are highly targeted. This paper provides evidence for the research and development, mechanism research, and process improvement of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in the future.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy, safety and prognostic factors of percutaneous biliary stent combined with iodine-125 seed chain brachytherapy (radiotherapy) in the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice.Methods:Data of 107 cases with malignant obstructive jaundice treated with percutaneous biliary stent implantation from January 2017 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 58 cases received biliary stent combined with iodne-125 seed chain brachytherapy (study group), and 49 cases received biliary stent implantation (control group). The changes of bilirubin, stent patency time, complications, overall survival (OS) and prognostic factors were analyzed in both groups.Results:The incidence of complications in the study group and the control group were 17.2% and 18.3% respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.974). Serum total bilirubin levels were decreased significantly in both groups at one month after surgery ( P<0.001). Postoperative stent patency time was significantly better in the study group (10.0±1.6 months) (95% CI: 8.2～12.5) than that in the control group (5.2±0.4 months) (95% CI: 4.1～6.0, P<0.001). The median OS was longer in the study group (11.2±1.8 months) (95% CI: 9.2～12.8) than that in the control group (8.0±1.1 months) (95% CI: 8.0～12.8, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis result showed that stent combined with brachytherapy ( HR=0.08, 95% CI:0.04～0.15, P<0.001) and receiving further anti-tumor therapy after surgery ( HR=0.27, 95% CI:0.15~0.49, P<0.001) were independent risk factors affecting the patency of biliary stents. Preoperative percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage ( HR=0.46, 95% CI:0.28～0.74, P=0.002), stent combined with brachytherapy ( HR=0.23, 95% CI:0.14～0.39, P<0.001) and receiving further anti-tumor therapy after surgery ( HR=0.37, 95% CI:0.22～0.61, P<0.001) were independent risk factors affecting OS. Conclusion:Percutaneous biliary stent combined with brachytherapy is safe and effective in the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice, which can significantly prolong the patency time of biliary stent and the survival time of patients.

Objective: To evaluate periodontal status of 380 pregnant women and its related factors. Methods: 380 healthy pregnant women aged 20 to 43 at 10-35 weeks of gestation were enrolled and received a questionnaire and a periodontal examination, in order to compare and analyse the effects of different ages, gestational weeks and educational levels on periodontal condition. Results: The prevalence of periodontal disease of the subjects was 87. 1％. In first (10-15 weeks), second (16-27 weeks) and third (28-35 weeks) trimester PD (mm) was 2. 48 ± 0. 54, 2. 60 ± 0. 54 and 2. 71 ± 0. 48 respectively (P ＜ 0. 05) ; the percentage of PD≥4 mm in 2 or more sites were 76. 5％, 84. 1％ and 93. 5％ respectively (P ＜ 0. 05) ; GI and BI did not show significant differences among of the 3 groups trimester stages (P＞ 0. 05) ; PD in maternal age (year) 20-27, 28-35 and 36-43 years was2. 39 ± 0. 51, 2. 61 ± 0. 53 and 2. 61 ± 0. 56 respectively (P ＜ 0. 05) . A significantly positive linear trend was observed between age and GI (P ＜ 0. 05) or PD (P ＜ 0. 05), but without significant correlation between age and BI. Significant correlation was found between pregnant weeks and PD (P ＜ 0. 05), but without correlation between pregnant weeks and GI (P＞ 0. 05) or BI (P＞ 0. 05) .Conclusion: The prevalence of periodontal disease during pregnancy is high. Meanwhile, the periodontal inflammation is increasing worse with the increase of gestational weeks and maternal age.

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) contributes to the neuroprotection by neural stem cells (NSCs) after ischemic stroke. Our aim was to explore whether LIF-transfected NSCs (LIF-NSCs) can ameliorate brain injury and promote neuroprotection in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. To accomplish this goal, we transfected NSCs with a lentivirus carrying the LIF gene to stably overexpress LIF. The LIF-NSCs reduced caspase 3 activation under conditions of oxygen-glucose deprivation in vitro. Transient cerebral ischemia was induced in rats by 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), and LIF-NSCs were intravenously injected at 6 h post-ischemia. LIF-NSC treatment reduced the infarction volume and improved neurological recovery. Moreover, LIF-NSCs improved glial cell regeneration and ameliorated white matter injury in the MCAo rats. The NSCs acted as carriers and increased the expression of LIF in the lesions to protect against cerebral infarction, suggesting that LIF-NSCs could be a potential treatment for cerebral infarction.

postoperative pathological examination results and radiotherapy toxicities. Results All the 45 patients completed preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy and surgery, with two cycles of chemotherapy in 39 patients and one cycle in 6 patients. The rates of R0resection and pathological complete response(pCR) were 95.6%(43/45)and 22.2%(10/45), respectively. There were 10(22.2%), 17(37.8%), 15 (33.3%),and 3(6.7%)patients with tumor regression grades 0,1,2,3,respectively. The rate of lymph node metastasis was 37.8%(17/45),and the lymph node ratio was 4.33%(46/1 062). The postoperative pathological examination showed that T and N downstaging after surgery was observed in 24 and 26 patients, respectively;the proportions of patients with T3-T4tumors and positive lymph nodes after surgery declined by 51.1%(P=0.000)and 42.2%(P=0.000), respectively. The overall incidence of radiation esophagitis/gastritis was 44.4%(20/45), and the incidence rates of grade 1, 2, and 3 radiation esophagitis/gastritis were 18%,22%,and 4%,respectively. The incidence of acute radiation pneumonitis was 6.7%(3/45), all in grades 1 and 2. There was one perioperative treatment-related death. Conclusions Two cycles of XELOX chemotherapy combined with concurrent 45 Gy radiotherapy before surgery in patients with locally advanced Siewert type Ⅱ and Ⅲ AEG can achieve a relatively high pCR rate,effectively reduce the lymph node metastasis rate, achieve downstaging, and increase R0resection rate. This regimen has many good advantages,including low incidence of acute toxicities,good tolerability,and acceptable rate of perioperative treatment-related deaths. The target volume delineation involving metastatic lymph nodes is feasible.