Cryoablation therapy with explicit anti-tumor mechanisms and histopathological manifestations has a long history.A large number of clinical practice has shown that cryoablation therapy is safe and effective,making it an ideal tumor treatment method in theory.Previously,its efficacy and clinical application were constrained by the limitations of refrigerants and refrigeration equipment.With the development of the new generation of cryoablation equipment represented by argon helium knives,significant progress has been made in refrigeration efficien-cy,ablation range,and precise temperature measurement,greatly promoting the progression of tumor cryoablation technology.This consensus systematically summarizes the mechanism of cryoablation technology,indications for oral mucosal melanoma(OMM)cryotherapy,clinical treatment process,adverse reactions and management,cryotherapy combination therapy,etc.,aiming to provide reference for carrying out the standardized cryoablation therapy of OMM.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis (OP) has become a major public health issue, threatening the bone health of middle-aged and elderly people from all around the world. Changes in the gut microbiota (GM) are correlated with the maintenance of bone mass and bone quality. However, research results in this field remain highly controversial, and no systematic review or meta-analysis of the relationship between GM and OP has been conducted. This paper addresses this shortcoming, focusing on the difference in the GM abundance between OP patients and healthy controls based on previous 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing results, in order to provide new clinical reference information for future customized prevention and treatment options of OP. METHODS: According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), we comprehensively searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). In addition, we applied the R programming language version 4.0.3 and Stata 15.1 software for data analysis. We also implemented the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), funnel plot analysis, sensitivity analysis, Egger's test, and Begg's test to assess the risk of bias. RESULTS: This research ultimately considered 12 studies, which included the fecal GM data of 2033 people (604 with OP and 1429 healthy controls). In the included research papers, it was observed that the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Ruminococcus increased in the OP group, while the relative abundance for Bacteroides of Bacteroidetes increased (except for Ireland). Meanwhile, Firmicutes, Blautia, Alistipes, Megamonas, and Anaerostipes showed reduced relative abundance in Chinese studies. In the linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis, certain bacteria showed statistically significant results consistently across different studies. CONCLUSIONS: This observational meta-analysis revealed that changes in the GM were correlated with OP, and variations in some advantageous GM might involve regional differences.
Middle Aged ; Aged ; Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics* ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics* ; Genes, rRNA ; Osteoporosis ; Feces

Objective:To determine the predictive value of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) on the long-term prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods:A total of 2 500 patients with coronary heart disease who underwent coronary angiography in Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from May 2013 to November 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the AIP value, the subjects were divided into low AIP group (AIP<0.06) and high AIP group (AIP≥0.06). The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was compared between the two groups. Kaplan-meier method was used to evaluate the MACE-free survival rate, and multivariate Cox survival analysis was used to evaluate the independent predictors of MACE.Results:A total of 2 427 patients were followed up, with a follow-up rate of 97.08% and a median follow-up time of 4.29 years. There were 1 123 cases in the low AIP group and 1 304 cases in the high AIP group, among which 624 patients (25.7%) had MACE. The total incidence of MACE in the high AIP group was higher than that in the low AIP group ( HR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.22-1.68, P<0.01). Kaplan-meier curves showed that the MACE-free survival rate was significantly lower in the high AIP group ( P<0.01). After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, AIP was still associated with the prognosis of CHD patients. Increased AIP (≥0.06) was an independent predictor of MACE in CHD patients within 4 years ( HR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.14-1.58, P<0.01). Conclusions:AIP (≥0.06) was an independent predictor of MACE occurrence in patients with CAD within 4 years. AIP has a certain value in the long-term prognosis of patients with CAD.

Objective:To analyze a Risk Scale for Emergence Agitation After General Anesthesia in Children (the EA risk scale) into simplified Chinese and evaluate the reliability and validity in children with strabismus correction surgery.Methods:After obtaining the authorization of the original author, the English version of the EA risk scale was translated, translated back and culturally debugged to form the Chinese version of the EA risk scale. Then 279 children with strabismus correction surgery were selected from a tertiary hospital of ophthalmology in Tianjin and were investigated to validate the scale.Results:The correlation coefficients of each item and the total score of the scale were respectively 0.768 (item 1) ,0.717(item 2), 0.676(item 3), 0.634(item 4) (all P < 0.01). Content validity index of the scale was 0.920, and each item was 0.80-1.00. One factors including 4 items were identified using exploratory factor analysis, accounting for 62.052% of the total variance. The optimal cut-off value for the EA risk in children was 10, with the AUG was 0.816, specificity of 0.704, and sensitivity of 0.839. The Cronbach α coefficient for the total scale was 0.819, and the intraclass correlation coefficient value between the scorers was 0.835. Conclusion:The Chinese version of the EA risk scale has good reliability and validity. The items are concise, clear, and easy to understand. It is suitable for clinical departments as a preliminary screening tool to identify emergence agitation after general anesthesia on children with strabismus correction surgery and to assess the risk of its occurrence.

Objective:Using lasso regression analysis to screen out the blood lipid indexes closely related to coronary heart diseaseMethods:The clinical data of 3 062 patients with coronary heart disease who were hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from May 2013 to November 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into control group ( n=2 427) and coronary angiography group ( n=635). R language was used for statistical analysis.Multiple logistic regression models were established for indicators of blood lipid related to CAD, and their multicollinearity severity was assessed.LASSO regression was used to screen out the representative lipid parameters in the CAD prediction model. Results:A total of 3 062 patients were enrolled, including 2 427 patients in coronary heart disease group and 635 patients in control group.The inclusion of lipid parameters into multiple logistic regression model leads to serious multicollinearity.Stepwise regression can only partially reduce multicollinearity severity, while LASSO regression model significantly reduces multicollinearity severity.Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) were found to be the representative lipid indexes for predicting coronary heart disease by LASSO regression analysis.Conclusion:LASSO regression has advantages in processing multicollinearity data.LASSO regression showed that LDL-C, HDL-C and non-HDL-C were representative lipid indicators for predicting coronary heart disease..

Objective: To construct influenza B virus Vero cell adapted strain by genetic recombination technology by using the influenza B virus Vero cell adapted strain as the parent strain. Methods: The chick embryo and Vero cell were co-infected with influenza virus Vero cell adapted strain B/Malaysia/2506/2004 Va (Bv) and the vaccine strain B/massachusetts/2/2012 (BX-51B) recommended by WHO. The reassortants were screened with the anti-Bv serum. Plaque-purified reassortants were used to screen for Vero cell-adapted influenza B virus strains containing the surface antigen of the epidemic strain. Results: A Vero cell-adapted influenza B virus strain was obtained with successive passage in Vero cells. The hemagglutination inhibition test and the one-way immunogold agar diffusion test both showed that the reassortant virus was homologous to NYMC BX-51B, and sequence analysis result showed that the reassortment virus has the same HA and NA gene with the vaccine strain. Conclusion B/Malaysia/2506/2004Va (Bv) can be used as a parent strain to prepare Vero cell vaccine against influenza B virus.

Objective To exploer the function and underlying mechanism of Lunasin on sports articular cartilage injury.Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and model group;after injection molding for 3 times, the model rats were feed for 28 days.Then the model rats were divided into sham model group, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mmol/L Lunasin treatment group respectively.After treatment, ELISA was used to analyze the production of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,MMP-6 and MMP-8.SOD activity and iNOS were evaluated by their ELISA kit.Western blot was used to detect the expression of NRF2, Keap1, LC-3Ⅱ, Bax, Beclin1, p-AMPK, AMPK.Results Compared with control, the dose of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,MMP-6 and MMP-8 in serum of model rats were significantly increased (P<0.05), however, after treatment with Lunasin for 1 month, these inflammatory factors were obviously reduced then that of model rats (P<0.05);Furthermore Lunasin treatment obvi-ously increased SOD activity,up-regulated NRF2 expression and down-regulated the generation of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (P<0.05);Additionally, Lunasin can raise the expression of autophagy-related protein(beclin1 and LC-3Ⅱ), reduce the expression of apoptosis protein (Bax) in damaged articular cartilage.ConclusionsLunasin benefits the repair of damaged joints by reducing the production of inflammatory mediators, activating of oxidative stress system and autophagy pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effect of curcumin on intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: A total of 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into normal control group, model group, and curcumin intervention group. The rats in the model group and the curcumin intervention group were given high-fat feed for 16 weeks, and those in the curcumin intervention group were given curcumin 200 mg/kg/day by gavage once a day after 8 weeks of high-fat feeding. The rats were sacrificed at the end of week 16. A light microscope was used to observe pathological changes in the liver, an electron microscope was used to observe the tight junction of the intestinal mucosa, an automatic biochemical analyzer was used to measure the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), chromogenic substrate Limulus amebocyte lysate assay was used to measure plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level, spectrophotometric method was used to measure the activity of serum diamine oxidase, ELISA was used to measure the serum level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), and immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of the tight junction protein occludin. One-way ANOVA test and SNK-q test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Under the light microscope, the control group had no hepatocyte steatosis, the model group had significant hepatocyte steatosis and inflammatory cell infiltration, and the curcumin intervention group had reduced hepatocyte steatosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. Under the electron microscope, the control group had a clear and complete structure of the tight junction of the intestinal mucosa and normal structures of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum; in the model group, the structure of the tight junction of the intestinal mucosa was destroyed, the intercellular space was widened, the desmosomes had a loose structure, there was edema in some mitochondria, and the endoplasmic reticulum was dilated; the curcumin intervention group had improvements in the structure of tight junction of the intestinal mucosa, intercellular space, edema in the mitochondria, and dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum. Compared with the control group, the model group had significant increases in the serum levels of AST, ALT, DAO, TNFα, and LPS (q = -15.918, -14.402, -33.700, -8.944, and -10.832, P < 0.05); compared with the model group, the curcumin intervention group had significant reductions in the serum levels of AST, ALT, DAO, TNFα, and LPS (q = 10.457, 7.752, 18.802, 5.202, and 4.279, P < 0.05). In the control group, occludin showed a linear distribution along the top of small intestinal mucosal epithelial cells. The model group had a significant reduction in positive staining compared with the control group, and the curcumin intervention group had a significant increase in positive staining compared with the model group. The relative expression of occludin was 0.29±0.03 in the control group, 0.12±0.02 in the model group, and 0.21±0.02 in the curcumin intervention group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier is impaired in rats with NAFLD. Curcumin can reduce such damage, and its mechanism of action may be related to up-regulating the expression of occludin in the intestinal mucosa and reducing the levels of TNFα and LPS.

AIM:To investigate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on mRNA expression of SOCS-3 and SREBP-1c in the rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.METHODS:Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control ( NC) group, high fat ( HF) group and HF+liraglutide ( Lira) group.The rats in HF group and HF+Lira group were given high-fat diet for 16 weeks.After 12 weeks of high-fat diet feeding in HF+Lira group, Lira (600μg? kg-1? d-1 ) was intraperitoneally injected for 4 weeks.At the end of the 16th week, the rats were killed.The pathologi-cal changes of the liver were observed under optical microscope.The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) , as-partate aminotransferase ( AST) , triglyceride ( TG) and total cholesterol ( TC) were detected by automatic biochemical an-alyzer.TG contents of liver were measured by GPO-PAP method.The fasting insulin ( FINS) was determined by ELISA, and insulin resistance index was assessed by homeostasis mode assessment ( HOMA-IR) .The mRNA expression of SOCS-3 and SREBP-1c in the liver tissues was detected by RT-qPCR.RESULTS:Compared with NC group, HOMA-IR, TG of liver, and the serum levels of ALT, AST, TG, TC and FINS in HF group were obviously increased (P<0.01).Compared with HF group, HOMA-IR, TG of liver, and the serum levels of ALT, AST, TG, TC and FINS in HF+Lira group were all obviously decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The mRNA expression of SOCS-3 and SREBP-1c in HF group was signifi-cantly higher than that in NC group (P<0.01).The mRNA expression of SOCSV3 and SREBP-1c in HF+Lira group was significantly decreased as compared with HF group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Liraglutide may improve the IR and re-
duce TG of liver through decreasing the mRNA expression of SOCS-3 and SREBP-1c, so as to play a therapeutic role in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective To investigate the effect of super-selective intracoronary administration on acute myocardial in farction patients.Methods A total of 240 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who received emergency percutaneous coronary intervention in our department from March 2012 to January 2014 were selected and divided into the intravenous drug administration group (n=77),the conventional intracoronary drug administration group (n=81) and the super-selective intracoronary drug administration group (n=82).Parameters,including the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) classification,ST segment resolution after operation,peak values of creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) and troponin-I (cTn-I),left ventricular ejection fraction,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD),major adverse cardiovascular events and bleeding events,were compared between the groups.Results There were no significant differences in TIMI flow grade between the three groups (x2 =0.14,P=0.529).The percentage of patients with complete ST segment resolution after operation was higher in the super-selective intracoronary drug administration group than in the intravenous drug administration and conventional intracoronary drug administration groups (74.4％ vs.62.3％,61.7％,x2 =8.24,P＜0.05).Peak values of CK-MB and cTn-I were lower in the super-selective intracoronary drug administration group than in the other groups (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in left ventricular ejection fraction and LVEDD between the three groups after operation,but left ventricular ejection fraction and the incidence of angina pectoris significantly improved in the super-selective intracoronary drug administration group than in the other groups after a three month follow-up (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in target lesion revascularization,nonfatal myocardial infarction and druginduced thrombocytopenia between the three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Super-selective intracoronary drug administration can significantly enhance cardiac function and alleviate angina pectoris in patients with acute myocardial infarction,and should be a recommended method.