Molecular pharmacognosy is a science of classification and identification, cultivation and protection, and production of active ingredients of graduated drugs at the molecular level. The proposal of molecular pharmacognosy allows the research of crude drugs to advance from the microscopic level to the genetic level. Pueraria lobata root, as a medicinal and edible plant, has high application value and economic value. There are many varieties that are easy to cause confusion, and it is not easy to distinguish and identify according to traditional identification methods. Moreover, the research of P. lobate root at the genetic level is still relatively shallow. the study received extensive attention of scholars. This article reviews recent research on molecular identification of P. lobate, transcriptome sequencing, cloning and synthesis of functional genes of P. lobate root in recent years in order to provide references for further promoting the development and utilization of P. lobate root and its active ingredients.
Pharmacognosy ; Plant Roots/genetics* ; Pueraria

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) among infants through a multicenter clinical study. METHODS: A total of 1 829 infants, aged 1-12 months, who attended the outpatient service of the pediatric department in six hospitals in Shenzhen, China from June 2016 to May 2017 were enrolled as subjects. A questionnaire survey was performed to screen out suspected cases of CMPA. Food avoidance and oral food challenge tests were used to make a confirmed diagnosis of CMPA CMPA. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for CMPA. RESULTS: Among the 1 829 infants, 82 (4.48%) were diagnosed with CMPA. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternal food allergy (OR=4.91, 95%CI: 2.24-10.76, P<0.05), antibiotic exposure during pregnancy (OR=3.18, 95%CI: 1.32-7.65, P<0.05), and the introduction of complementary food at an age of <4 months (OR=3.55, 95%CI: 1.52-8.27, P<0.05) were risk factors for CMPA, while exclusive breastfeeding (OR=0.21, 95%CI: 0.08-0.58, P<0.05) and the introduction of complementary food at an age of >6 months (OR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.17-0.86, P<0.05) were protective factors. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of complementary food at an age of <4 months, maternal food allergy, and antibiotic exposure during pregnancy are risk factors for CMPA in infants.
Animals ; Cattle ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Milk Hypersensitivity ; Milk Proteins ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires

For the low-risk or stable patients with acute myocardial infarction post percutaneous coronary intervention, compared with moderate-intensity continuous training, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can better enhance aerobic capacity and protect the cardiovascular system by significantly lowering the inflammatory response, improving endothelial function as well as reversing the progress of ventricular remodeling. HIIT is safety and the patients are more compliant. However, further research is needed on the application of high-risk patients. The standard protocol of HIIT according to the risk stratification also requires further discussion.

Measurement of corpse temperature is mainly used for estimation of early postmortem interval, and rectal temperature is often used as a representative of body's core temperature in actual work because it is simple, quick and non-invasive. At present, the rectal temperature postmortem interval estimation method internationally accepted and widely used is HENSSGE's nomogram method, while many domestic scholars also deduced their own regression equations through a large number of case data. Estimation of postmortem interval based on rectal temperature still needs further study. The nomogram method needs to be optimized and extended, and quantification of its influencing factors needs to be dealt with more scientifically. There is still a lack of consensus on the probability and duration of the temperature plateau. There is no clear understanding of the probability and extent of the change in initial temperature caused by various causes. New methods and ideas enrich methodological research, but it still lacks systemicity and practicality. This article reviews the researches on estimation of postmortem interval based on rectal temperature in order to summarize the current situation of previous researches and seek new breakthrough points. Because the decline of body temperature can be easily influenced by many factors in vitro and vivo, and the influencing factors in different regions vary greatly, regionalization research and application may be a practical exploration to improve the accuracy of postmortem interval determination.
Autopsy ; Body Temperature ; Cadaver ; Humans ; Postmortem Changes ; Probability ; Temperature ; Time Factors

The aim of this study was to detect the mRNA expression of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 ( TFPI-2) and its methylation in bone marrow mononuclear cells from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and to explore its significance in AML. Bone marrow mononuclear cells were isolated from newly diagnosed AML patients (n = 33), complete remission AML patients (n = 19), relapsed/refractory AML patients (n = 12) and iron deficiency anemia patients (control group, n = 15). Expression of TFPI-2 mRNA was detected with real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and the methylation of CpG island in its promoter was detected with methylation-specific PCR (MSP). The results showed that the expression of TFPI-2 mRNA in newly diagnosed AML, complete remission AML and relapsed/refractory AML patients was much lower than that in the controls (P < 0.05). Furthermore, its expression in relapsed/refractory AML patients was lower than that in newly diagnosed AML patients (P = 0.006). Compared with complete remission AML patients, the expression of TFPI-2 mRNA in newly diagnosed AML patients was significantly reduced (P = 0.030). The percentage of TFPI-2 promoter methylation in AML patients was 64.63% (42/64). In newly diagnosed AML group, complete remission AML group and relapsed/refractory AML group,the percentages of TFPI-2 promoter methylation were 66.67% (22/33), 52.63% (10/19) and 83.33% (10/12) (P > 0.05), respectively. The optical density ratio of TFPI-2 mRNA expression was 0.165 (0.005-2.099) in methylated AML patients, and 0.597 (0.011-2.787) in unmethylated AML patients (P < 0.05). Methylation of TFPI-2 gene promoter was not detected in control patients. After 2 courses of chemotherapy, the level of TFPI-2 mRNA was much higher in the CR group than that in the non-CR group (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the down-regulation or silence of TFPI-2 gene potentially results from its promoter methylation, and the expression level of TFPI-2 and the methylation status of its promoter may be used as indicators of risk stratification and evaluation of disease progress.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Glycoproteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Young Adult

This study was purposed to investigate the difference of nucleated cell (NC) count, CD34(+) cell ratio and expansion multiple, cell cycle and colony formation capability in in vitro expanded human umbilical cord blood CD34(+) cells from HOXB4-transfecting directly and HOXB4-transfected human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSC) by means of prepared feeder layers of HUCMSC. The HUCMSC were divided into 2 groups:first group, in which HOXB4 gene was transfected into HUCMSC by using lentiviral vecfor, and feeder layers were set up; and second group in which feeder layers for HUCMSC of non-transfected HOXB4 gene were set up. The CD34(+) cells were separated from HUCB by magmatic activated cell sorting(MACS). After culture in medium with cytokines for 2 days, CD34(+) cells were divided into 5 groups, including control group and experimental group. The control groups included CD34(+) cells as group A (blank control group) and GFP-CD34(+) cells as group B (negative control group) and experimental groups included HOXB4-CD34(+) cells as group C, HUCMSC+CD34(+) cells as group D, HOXB4-HUCMSC+ CD34(+) cells as group E and cells in all groups were cultured in vitro. The number of nucleated cells were counted at day 6, 10, 14 of culture and CD34 immunophenotypes, cell cycle and colony forming capability were measured at day 10 of culture in different conditions. The results indicated that HOXB4 gene could be transfected into HUCMSC by lentiviral vector and feeder layers were set up successfully. After culture for 14 days, the nucleated cells in 5 groups could be amplified effectively, and the expansion levels in 5 groups were in order HOXB4-HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group> HOXB4-CD34(+) cell group>HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group> control groups (P < 0.05). At day 10 of in vitro expansion the CD34(+) cell percentage decreased significantly in all groups, while the number of CD34(+) cell increased in experiment groups, which were in order HOXB4-CD34(+) cells group> HOXB4-HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group>HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group>control groups (P < 0.05). The cell cycle detection showed that the percentage of cells in S+G2/M phase in experiment groups were higher than that in control groups (P < 0.05), and percentage of cells in HOXB4-HUCMSC+CD34(+) cells group was higher (41.57%) than that in HOXB4-CD34(+) cells group(37.87%) and HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group (28.65%) (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the CFU number between HOXB4-HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group and HOXB4-CD34(+) cell group, which were both higher than that in HUCMSC+CD34(+) cell group and control groups (P < 0.05).It is concluded that the CD34(+) cells cultured on HOXB4-HUCMSC feeder layers can be amplified significantly and kept the characteristics of stem cells, The feeder lager of HOXB4-HUCMSC is relative safe for amplification of CD34(+) cells in vitro, it possesses the potential useful value.
Antigens, CD34 ; immunology ; Cell Separation ; Cells, Cultured ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Transfection ; Umbilical Cord ; cytology ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the occupational exposure levels of dust in new suspension preheated dry process (NSP) cement production line and put forward rectification measures for dust-exposed posts, and to provide ideas for the modern cement production enterprises in dust control and occupational health management.

METHODSOccupational health field investigation combined with field test were used to measure the time-weighted average concentration (C(TWA)) of the dust in the workplace. Rectification measures were taken for the dust-exposed posts with unqualified dust concentration, and the protective effects of dustproof facilities in the rectified workplace were evaluated.

RESULTSThe field investigation revealed incompletely closed dustproof facilities, improperly set dust hoods, excess of dust leakage points, and other problems in the dust-exposed posts of an NSP cement production line before rectification, and the dustproof facilities could hardly exert dust removal effect. The field test showed that the vast majority of dust-exposed posts had the dust concentrations exceeding the occupational exposure limits (OELs), with a qualified rate as low as 31.8%. A series of rectification measures were taken for these posts. After the rectification, the dust-exposed posts demonstrated dramatically dropped C(TWA), and the qualified rate of dust concentration in the dust-exposed posts rose to 90.9%.

CONCLUSIONThe dust hazards in NSP cement production line cannot be ignored. Taking appropriate protective measures are critical for curbing dust hazards in modern cement production.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Construction Materials ; Dust ; analysis ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; prevention & control ; Workplace

OBJECTIVETo determine the bioinformatical characteristics of differential gene expression in patients with chronic superficial gastritis (CSG) with the Pi-deficiency syndrome (PDS) and those of the non-Pi-deficiency syndrome (non-PDS), i.e. patients of CSG with Pi-Wei dampnese-heat syndrome and healthy persons.

METHODSWith the BRB-Array Tools software package, original data collection and bioinformatic: analysis of gene arrays were conducted in 6 CSG patients of PDS (CSG-PDS), 6 CSG patients of non-PDS (CSG-nPDS), and 6 healthy volunteers (Normal).

RESULTSCompared with non-PDS, the gene expressions: in PDS with regards to protein synthesis, energy metabolism, immune reaction and ionic transport tended to be down-regulated, while those concerning secretion, cytoskeleton and ubiquitinization were up-regulated dominantly.

CONCLUSIONSThe two kinds of samples, CSG-PDS/Normal and CSG-PDS/CSG-nPDS, have their respective gene expression profiles with different characteristics. Gene expression profile has certain referential significance in syndrome classification.

Chronic Disease ; Cluster Analysis ; Computational Biology ; Gastritis ; genetics ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Syndrome

Objective To evaluate the effect of the gastric signet ring cell cancer(SIG)on the T,N,M stages. Methods Three hundred and fifty-one patients undergoing D2 or greater gastrectomy for gastric cancer were ana lyzed retrospectively.The T,N,M stages of 59 patients with SIG and 161 patients with tubular adenocarcmonla (TUB)were compared using univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The chi-square test showed that there were not significant differences in T,N,M stages between TUB and SIG.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that SIG Was not a independent factor influencing the T,N.M stage.Conclusion Gastric cancer with SIG has not higher T,N,M stages than that with TUB.

OBJECTIVETo observe the protective effect of compound acanthopanax senticosus injection (CASI) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmia in rats.

METHODThe myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model was induced by 30 min coronary occulusion and 60 min reperfusion in openchest anesthetized rats. The changes of arrhythmia with electrocardiogram lead II, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Ca2+ in myocardium were determined.

RESULTIn rats treated by CASI (in a dosage of 25, 50 and 100 mg x kg(-1) femoral vein infusion at 30 min after coronary occulusion), the incidence of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion ventricular arrhythmias, for instance the ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (Vf), was effectively prevented, the appearing time of arrhythmia was delayed and the duration of arrhythmia was shortened, while the elevated ST segment lowered as well. At the same time, the contents of myocardial Ca2+ and MDA were decreased significantly as well as the activities of myocardial SOD and GSH-Px increased markedly.

CONCLUSIONCASI is of protective effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmia, which may be related to scavenging the oxygen free radicals and Ca2+ overload formed during reperfusion.

Animals ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; drug therapy ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Electrocardiography ; Eleutherococcus ; chemistry ; Female ; Ginsenosides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; complications ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Panax ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Saponins ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism