Objective: To study the characteristics of social relations and relative factors among MSM in Guangzhou. Methods: Data was collected through a cross-sectional study in Guangzhou from November 2016 to May 2017. Sample size was estimated and participants were recruited from the voluntary counseling and testing services (VCT) which were set for MSM population, by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Social ties and demographic characteristics of the respondents and their sexual partners were analyzed through both Chi square test and generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results: A total of 1 073 MSM, together with their nominated 4 301 partners were successfully recruited and involved in this study. Age (OR=1.2, P=0.01) and non-internet based intercourse (OR=1.65, P<0.01) were easy to form close relation with strong ties. Compared with MSM traditional venues (chess and cards room, tea room bathhouse, club), general public venue (bars, KTV, parks, shopping malls, schools, restaurants) (OR=1.46-3.12, P<0.01) showed close relation with strong ties. Our finding showed that MSM at the age of 18-25 preferred to build weak ties with the older MSM, while the 26-30-year-olds and 31-40-year-olds prefer to establish weak ties with younger partners but the 41-50-year-olds preferred to develop weak ties with one that were ten years younger. Conclusions: Clusters were noticed in the MSM populations when grouping and making friends with ones at different age. Characteristics regarding the relationship between sexual partners in choosing venues and ways of dating were different. Targeted intervention programs need to be explored innovatively.
Coitus ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Homosexuality, Male/psychology* ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recreation ; Risk-Taking ; Schools ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexual Partners ; Social Behavior ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective: To describe the characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases via non-marital or non-commercial heterosexual transmission and to find out the relative factors in Hangzhou, from 2015 to 2017. Methods: Data were collected through the national HIV/AIDS comprehensive control and prevention data system. Study subjects would include those reported HIV/AIDS cases who were residents of Hangzhou and were infected via non-marital heterosexual transmission, between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2017. Demographic characteristics and behavioral information were collected. χ(2) test was used to compare different characteristics of the non-married heterosexual transmission subjects. Logistic regression was used to assess factors that associated with non-marital but non-commercial HIV heterosexual transmission with SPSS. 20 software used to analyze statistically. Results: Non-marital HIV heterosexual transmission accounted for 38.03% (1 393/3 663) of the total new reported HIV/AIDS cases in 2015-2017. Out of the 1 393 HIV/AIDS cases, those infected through non-marital but non-commercial heterosexual transmission accounted for 50.83% (708/1 393), and those through non-martial commercial transmission was accounted for 49.17% (685/1 393). Male to female ratio was 3.51 ∶ 1 (1 084/309). Male HIV cases reported that their major way of infection was via non-marital commercial transmission (670/1 084, 61.81%), while female patients reported the way was via non-marital non-commercial (294/309, 95.1%). Results from multivariate logistic analysis showed that the related risk factors and ORs for non-marital but non-commercial transmission appeared as: female (aOR=48.25, 95%CI: 26.94- 88.44),<30 year olds (aOR=2.43, 95%CI: 1.31-4.51), 30-39 year olds (aOR=1.92, 95%CI: 1.11- 3.33), 40-49 year olds (aOR=1.80, 95%CI: 1.08-3.00), married or unmarried (vs. divorced or widowed, aOR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.10-2.24; aOR=1.78, 95%CI: 1.15-2.78), high school and above of education level (vs. primary school and under of education level, aOR=1.82, 95%CI: 1.18-2.80), administrative officers or employee (vs. farmers, aOR=2.03, 95%CI: 1.04-1.91). Number of non- marital partners less than 5 (vs. number of non-marital partners more than 5, aOR=10.65, 95%CI: 6.41-17.42). Conclusions: HIV/AIDS cases with non-marital heterosexual transmission accounted for considerable proportion regarding the HIV transmission in Hangzhou from 2015 to 2017. Differences were found in the following factors as non-marital and non-commercial heterosexual transmission with diverse gender, age, marital status, educational level and occupation among of the HIV/AIDS patients.
Female ; HIV ; HIV Infections/transmission* ; Heterosexuality ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Behavior/psychology* ; Sexual Partners ; Single Person

Erectile dysfunction (ED) seriously influences the quality of life of the patients and their partners. There are various methods for the treatment of ED, with medication as the first choice. This paper reviews the advances in the concept of treatment of ED, including regular treatment, maximal therapeutic effects, primary diseases inducing ED, and humanistic environment and ideal goal of ED treatment, aiming to help further understand the therapeutic concept and improve clinical management of the disease.
Erectile Dysfunction ; etiology ; psychology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Quality of Life ; Sexual Partners

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate the status of multiple sexual partners and unprotected sexual behaviors and related influencing factors among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM).

METHODSHIV-positive men having sex with men aged 18 years or older, living in Chengdu, Chongqing or Guangzhou were recruited by using the " snowballing" sampling method. Participants completed the questionnaire on computers, after filling in the Informed Consent Form. Content of the study would include social demographic characteristics, number of sexual partners, sexual behaviors, and the symptoms assessment on depression and anxiety.χ(2)-test,t-test and non-conditional Multiple logistic Regression methods were used to examine the risky sexual behaviors with multiple sexual partners among the participants engaged in this project.

RESULTSMean age of the 501 participants was (30.24±7.70) years old. In the past 6 months, 17.4% (87/501) of them had engaged in unprotected sexual behavior with two or more sexual partners. Factors at risk would include: being married (OR=1.93, 95%CI: 0.77-4.84), divorced or widowed (OR=3.94, 95%CI: 1.66-9.36), having primary male sexual partners (OR=5.04, 95%CI: 1.08-23.54) and casual or commercial male sexual partners (OR=2.54, 95%CI: 1.34-4.80) in the past 6 months, drinking alcohol (OR=3.00, 95%CI: 1.37-6.62) or Rush (alkyl nitrite) (OR=3.53, 95%CI: 1.72-7.23) during sexual acts, sharing their HIV-infection status to their partly primary male sexual partners (OR=1.84, 95%CI:0.78-4.33) or not (OR=2.68, 95% CI: 1.25-5.73), and having high sexual sensation seeking scores (OR=1.09, 95%CI: 1.03-1.15).

CONCLUSIONSUnprotected sexual behaviors with multiple sexual partners among HIV-positive MSM played an important role in expediting the HIV transmission. Development of intervention programs to minimize the risk sexual behaviors and setting up efficient medical and biological measures in controlling the HIV transmission were in urgent need.

Adult ; Coitus ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder ; Family Characteristics ; Homosexuality, Male ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Infection ; epidemiology ; transmission ; Male ; Marriage ; Middle Aged ; Risk ; Risk-Taking ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexual Partners ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Unsafe Sex ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of the oral-appliance combined with tadalafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) induced by severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).

METHODSWe equally randomized 90 patients with severe OSAHS-induced ED to groups A, B, and C to be treated with the oral-appliance, tadalafil (10 mg daily qd), and oral-appliance plus tadalafil, respectively, all for 3 months. Then we compared the therapeutic effects among the three groups of patients using the IIEF-5 questionnaire, Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) diaries, and the intercourse satisfaction rate of the patients' partners.

RESULTSTotally 87 of the patients accomplished the treatment, 29 in group A, 30 in B, and 28 in C. After treatment, group C, as compared with A and B, showed significant increases in the IIEF-5 score (4.18±1.19 vs 2.66±1.63 and 2.77±1.74, P=0.009 and P=0.026), the success rate of penile intromission (SEP2) (85.7% vs 58.6% and 53.3%, P=0.023 and P=0.008), and the success rate of intercourse (SEP3) (64.3%% vs 37.9% and 33.3%, P=0.047 and P=0.018). The overall satisfaction of the female partners was remarkably higher in groups A and C than in B (P=0.027 and P=0.007).

CONCLUSIONSOral-appliance combined with tadalafil can improve erectile function in patients with severe OSAHS-induced ED, with a better efficacy than either of them used alone.

Adult ; Coitus ; psychology ; Combined Modality Therapy ; methods ; Erectile Dysfunction ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Orthodontic Appliances ; Penile Erection ; Personal Satisfaction ; Sexual Partners ; psychology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications ; therapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tadalafil ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Vasodilator Agents ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo understand the incidence of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China.

METHODSMeta-analysis was performed to systematically and quantitatively review all the original research papers and reports published during 2010-2015 on the incidence of HIV infection among MSM in China. Pooled incidence, pooled hazard ratios, publication bias, heterogeneity and sensitivity analysis for those studies were calculated or analyzed by using Stata 12.0 software.

RESULTSA total of 24 studies were analyzed. Pooled incidence of HIV infection among MSM in China was 5.0/100 person year; Based on HIV case report, severe epidemic areas had higher HIV incidence than other areas (4.9/100 person year vs. 3.4/100 person year). Low education level (HR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.21-2.15), syphilis prevalence (HR = 3.22, 95% CI: 2.21-4.70), unprotected anal sex (HR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.51-5.63), minority ethnic group (HR = 4.01, 95% CI: 1.96-8.21), commercial sex (HR = 4.11, 95% CI: 1.47-11.46) and multiple sexual partners (HR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.60-3.34) were the risk factors for HIV incidence.

CONCLUSIONPooled incidence of HIV infection among MSM was 5.0% in China. Low education level, syphilis prevalence, unprotected anal sex, minority ethnic group, commercial sex and multiple sexual partners were the risk factors for HIV infection.

China ; epidemiology ; Educational Status ; Ethnic Groups ; statistics & numerical data ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; Homosexuality, Male ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Minority Groups ; statistics & numerical data ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sex Work ; statistics & numerical data ; Sexual Partners ; Syphilis ; epidemiology ; Unsafe Sex ; statistics & numerical data

Premature ejaculation (PE) is a most common sexual dysfunction in males, which variably affects men's reproductive and mental health. Recent studies show that PE affects not only the patients themselves, but also the psychological state of their spouses, which, in turn, may alleviate or aggravate the patients'PE symptoms by different reactions. However, the correlation between PE and female's psychological factors is mostly ignored by the patients and even clinicians in the studies, diagnosis and treatment of PE.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological ; psychology ; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological ; etiology ; Sexual Partners ; psychology ; Spouses ; psychology

OBJECTIVETo study the gender-based factors which influence the condom use among the HIV serodiscordant couples in selected regions of China.

METHODSBased on the analysis of the existing case reporting database and convenient sampling in the cross-sectional study, a total of 481 female HIV-negative spouses completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire regarding demographic characters, the knowledge, behaviors and the gender-based factors in five sites of four provinces Sichuan (Zhaojue), Yunnan (Dali), Henan (Weishi) and Guangxi (Lingshan and Luzhai), during June-September 2011. χ(2) analysis and logistic regression were used to study the gender-based factors influencing condom use among the participants.

RESULTSAmong the 481 female HIV-negative spouses, the average age was (35.1 ± 6.7) years, and the proportion of Han and Yi nationality were high, 43.5% (209/481) and 41.8% (201/481), respectively. The awareness of knowledge related to HIV spousal transmission was high (≥ 79.6%). A total of 86.9% (418/481) used condom more frequently after informed the status of HIV infection of their spouses, and the condom use consistency was 56.6% (272/481). A total of 57.6% (277/481) reported low sexual relationship power; 34.5% (166/481) experienced forced sex in the past 1 year. And the proportion of condom use self-efficacy from 0 to 3 scores were 12.7% (61/481), 23.9% (115/481), 8.7% (42/481) and 54.7% (263/481), respectively (median = 3). Han and other nationality were significantly more likely to use condom consistently than Yi, with odds ratio (95%CI) of 0.01 (0.00 - 0.03) and 0.01 (0.00 - 0.04), and the female spouses with higher condom use self-efficacy used condom more consistently than the lower ones, with odds ratio (95%CI) of 0.20(0.11 - 0.34).

CONCLUSIONThe female spouses with higher condom use self-efficacy were more likely to use condom consistently after excluding the confounding effect of nationality.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Condoms ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; HIV Seropositivity ; psychology ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Safe Sex ; Sexual Partners ; Young Adult

There is a lack of representative samples to provide reliable and accurate seroprevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as behavioural information among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Singapore. We used respondent driven sampling (RDS) to recruit MSM. Participants completed a survey used by Asian Internet MSM Sex Survey (AIMSS) and were tested for HIV and syphilis. We compared the characteristics of the RDS participants with STI diagnosis against those who did not have any STI diagnosis in the past 6 months. We compared RDS participants with AIMSS participants. Of 72 MSM recruited, 1 was positive for HIV (1.3%) and 4 (5.5%) tested positive for syphilis. Median age was 30 years and majority was Chinese (69.4%). RDS participants who had any STI diagnosis reported to have more use of recreational drugs (P = 0.006), and lower condom use (P = 0.054). Comparing RDS participants (n = 72) with the AIMSS participants (n = 2075), RDS respondents had ≥1 male partner in the past 6 months (P = 0.003), more casual sex partners (P = 0.012) and more STI symptoms (P = 0.019). There was no difference in terms of HIV testing and recreational drug use. The HIV and syphilis seroprevalence rates from our study are similar to previous reports conducted in high-risk MSM. In contrast to other settings, RDS did not work well among MSM in Singapore. The public health implications of our study highlight the challenges in obtaining data for HIV surveillance in assessing prevalence and risk behaviours among MSM.
Adult ; HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Health Literacy ; methods ; Health Surveys ; Homosexuality, Male ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk-Taking ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexual Partners ; psychology ; Singapore ; epidemiology ; Syphilis ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; psychology

Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil, are the first-line drugs for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). Giving ED patients the opportunity to try all the three inhibitors can greatly improve the treatment compliance of the patient, whereas the majority of ED patients prefer one specific drug to the others, frequently tadalafil, irrespective of the severity and etiology of the disease, dosing sequence, age of the patient, or dose of medication. Female partners exhibit a similar preference for tadalafil, which has a significant impact on patients' choice. Due to a 36-hour action of tadalafil, patients are allowed to achieve erection within a flexible window of treatment, and not required to schedule the interval between dosing and sexual attempt. The simultaneously decreased time concern will improve the psychological well-being of ED patients and their interpersonal relationship with female partners. Partners who prefer tadalafil feel a return to relaxed and natural sexual activity and the overall improvement in quality of sexual life. The preference of patients and their partners for a specific PDE5 inhibitor should be considered for the purpose of prescription in clinical practice.
Carbolines ; therapeutic use ; Erectile Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Preference ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Sexual Partners ; Tadalafil