OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of oral ulcers and bloodstream infection in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHODS: The clinical data of 401 hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to December 2021 were retrospective analyzed, and the risk factors of oral ulcers and bloodstream infection statistical and analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 401 patients, the incidence of oral ulcers was 61.3% (246/401), and the incidence of bloodstream infection was 9.0% (36/401). A total of 40 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 36 patients, including 26 strains of Gram negative strains (65%), 13 strains of Gram positive strains (32.5%), and 1 strain of fungi (2.5%). Single-factor analysis showed that oral hygiene was associated with the occurrence of bloodstream infection, and the Multi-factor analysis showed that age ≥14 years old, disease diagnosis of leukemia, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were risk factors for oral ulcers. CONCLUSION The incidence of oral ulcers in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is high. The age ≥14 years, disease diagnosis of leukemia, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were risk factors for oral ulcers in patients, and oral hygiene was associated with the occurrence of bloodstream infection.
Humans ; Adolescent ; Retrospective Studies ; Oral Ulcer/etiology* ; Bacteremia/microbiology* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects* ; Sepsis ; Risk Factors ; Leukemia

Wound sepsis is one of the main causes of death in patients with severe burn and trauma. The high incidence of burn wound sepsis in children is attributed to their imperfect immune system function, poor resistance against infection, and the weakened skin barrier function after burn. The key to reduce the mortality of pediatric patients with burn wound sepsis is to enhance the understanding of its etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnostic criteria, in order to improve its early diagnosis and treatment.
Burns ; complications ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Child ; Humans ; Sepsis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; mortality ; therapy ; Skin ; microbiology ; pathology ; Survival Rate ; Wound Infection ; mortality ; prevention & control ; therapy

Portal vein thrombosis is an uncommon but an important cause of portal hypertension. The most common etiological factors of portal vein thrombosis are liver cirrhosis and malignancy. Albeit rare, portal vein thrombosis can also occur in the presence of local infection and inflammation such as pancreatitis or cholecystitis. A 52-year-old male was admitted because of general weakness and poor oral intake. He had an operation for colon cancer 18 months ago. However, colonic stent had to be inserted afterwards because stricture developed at anastomosis site. Computed tomography taken at admission revealed portal vein thrombosis and inflammation at colonic stent insertion site. Blood culture was positive for Escherichia coli. After antibiotic therapy, portal vein thrombosis resolved. Herein, we report a case of portal vein thrombosis with sepsis caused by inflammation at colonic stent insertion site which was successfully treated with antibiotics.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Cholecystitis/etiology ; Colonic Neoplasms/pathology/therapy ; Escherichia coli/isolation & purification ; Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy/etiology ; Humans ; Inflammation/*etiology ; Liver/diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis/etiology ; Portal Vein ; Sepsis/*diagnosis/drug therapy/microbiology ; Sigmoidoscopy ; Stents/*adverse effects ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Venous Thrombosis/complications/*diagnosis

Cholangitis and cholecystitis are intra-abdominal infections that show poor prognosis upon progression to sepsis and multiorgan failure. Administration of antibiotics with high antimicrobial susceptibility and removal of infected bile at the initial treatment are important. After undergoing ERCP for diagnostic purposes, a 58-year-old man developed acute cholangitis and cholecystitis accompanied by rhabdomyolysis, multi-organ failure, and severe sepsis. Broad-spectrum antibiotics with bedside endoscopic nasobiliary drainage were administered, but clinical symptoms did not improve. Therefore, bedside EUS-guided transgastric gallbladder aspiration and lavage was performed, resulting in successful treatment of the patient. We report the above described case along with a discussion of relevant literature.
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholecystitis, Acute/complications/*diagnosis/diagnostic imaging ; Drainage ; Duodenoscopy ; Endosonography ; Escherichia coli/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Organ Failure/pathology ; Rhabdomyolysis/complications/diagnosis ; Sepsis/diagnosis/etiology/microbiology ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Adult ; Embolism/*complications/diagnosis/microbiology ; Eye Infections, Bacterial/*complications/diagnosis/microbiology ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Fundus Oculi ; Humans ; Macula Lutea/drug effects/*pathology ; Male ; Retinal Perforations/diagnosis/*etiology ; Sepsis/*complications/diagnosis ; Staphylococcal Infections/*complications/diagnosis ; Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the main risk factors and pathogen distribution of nosocomial sepsis among premature infants.

METHODSThe clinical data of 3418 hospitalized premature infants from January 2003 to December 2010 were retrospectively analyzed for the risk factors and pathogen distribution of nosocomial sepsis.

RESULTSThe incidence of neonatal nosocomial sepsis was 3.10% (106/3418), and the median age at diagnosis of neonatal nosocomial sepsis was 19 (4-48) days. The major pathogens of the infections among these premature infants included gram-positive bacteria (45.2%), especially coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (24.3%), and gram-negative bacteria (41.7%), especially Klebsiella pneumoniae (25.2%), as well as fungus (13.0%). Logistic regression analysis showed that the main risk factors included low birth weight, retention of central venous catheters, and long duration of parenteral nutrition (OR: 3.765, 3.051, and 2.998, respectively; P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSLow birth weight, retention of central venous catheters, and long duration of parenteral nutrition are the main risk factors for neonatal nosocomial sepsis, whereas the leading pathogen is Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Bacteria ; isolation & purification ; Birth Weight ; Catheterization, Central Venous ; adverse effects ; Cross Infection ; etiology ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Parenteral Nutrition ; adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis ; etiology ; microbiology

BACKGROUNDEncephalopathy is a common complication of sepsis, and its onset can occur at any stage of sepsis and implies worse prognosis. However, the incidence, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy remain controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiological features and risk factors for sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

METHODSOur retrospective study included all patients with sepsis admitted to our intensive care unit from 2008 to 2011. After excluding 91 patients, 232 patients were assigned to either a sepsis-associated encephalopathy group or sepsis without encephalopathy group. Between-group differences in baseline patient data including vital signs, disease severity, pathogens, sites of infection, biochemical indicators, and time on a mechanical ventilator, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and 28-day mortality rate were analyzed.

RESULTSThe incidence of sepsis-associated encephalopathy was 17.7%. The sepsis-associated encephalopathy group had significantly higher 28-day mortality (56.1% vs. 35.1%; P=0.013), spent a significantly longer time on a ventilator ((8.2±2.2) days vs. (2.9±0.4) days; P=0.021), and had a significantly longer ICU stay ((12.4±2.4) days vs. (7.1±0.6) days; P=0.042). Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score, Glasgow coma scale, heart rate, blood lactate, serum sodium, platelets, serum albumin, and pH values were related to the presence of encephalopathy. Patients with biliary tract infections and intestinal infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Acinetobacter spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, were more prone to develop sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

CONCLUSIONSEncephalopathy increases mortality rate in septic patients. Clinical intervention to reduce risk factors and thereby morbidity and mortality depends on a correct understanding of the differences between patients with sepsis and patients with both sepsis and encephalopathy.

Adult ; Aged ; Brain Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis ; complications ; epidemiology ; microbiology

Selective intestinal decontamination (SID) with norfloxacin has been widely used for the prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) because of a high recurrence rate and preventive effect of SID for SBP. However, it does select resistant gut flora and may lead to SBP caused by unusual pathogens such as quinolone-resistant gram-negative bacilli or gram-positive cocci. Enterococcus hirae is known to cause infections mainly in animals, but is rarely encountered in humans. We report the first case of SBP by E. hirae in a cirrhotic patient who have previously received an oral administration of norfloxacin against SBP caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and presented in septic shock.
Administration, Oral ; Ampicillin/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Ascitic Fluid/microbiology ; Enterococcus/*isolation & purification ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/complications/drug therapy/*microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Peritonitis/*diagnosis/drug therapy/microbiology ; Sepsis/*etiology

Aged, 80 and over ; Cellulitis ; microbiology ; Erysipelothrix Infections ; complications ; diagnosis ; Female ; Foot Diseases ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Humans ; Hypotension ; etiology ; Sepsis ; microbiology ; Shock, Septic ; microbiology

Burn infection occurs when pathogenic bacteria colonized on the burn wound surface, and they then invaded the viable tissue causing sepsis or sepsis with blood stream invasion. This infection pattern is particular to burn injury. Both in a model of pseudomonas burn wound sepsis and a clinical study of early eschar excision for bacteria quantification indicate that the bacteria not only are located on the burn wound surface but also invaded the deeper tissues. Finally, the bacteria penetrate into the neighboring viable tissue and even blood vessels. Therefore, we can say that burn infection is from local wound infection to invasive infection, and finally sepsis is developed ,and it is termed as burn wound sepsis. The cutoff count of subeschar tissue bacteria is 10(5)/g. However, the burn wound sepsis may not occur when the number of subeschar tissue bacteria reaches 10(5)/g. The criteria for the diagnosis of burn wound sepsis are mainly listed as below: (1) The number of bacteria in the subeschar reaches > or =10(5)/g. (2) Bacteria can be detected in the biopsy specimen. (3) Sepsis associated symptoms and signs. However, the sepsis associated symptoms and signs must be obvious in patients to make the clinical diagnosis of burn wound sepsis. If the sepsis associated symptoms and signs do not appear, we should not make the diagnosis of burn wound sepsis eyen with the number of bacteria in the subeschar tissue reaching 10(5)/g or bacteria can be found in the biopsy specimen. Sepsis has been defined as the body % response to bacteria and their products. The occurrence of sepsis depends primarily on immune function and stress response intensity, and it is closely related to wound infection degree such as bacteria density and invasion depth in the burn wound, or plasma endotoxin level to certain extent.
Bacterial Infections ; etiology ; Burns ; microbiology ; Humans ; Sepsis ; etiology ; Wound Infection ; etiology