PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of treatment in patients with non-bothering nocturia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective multicenter study, patients who visited hospitals for treatment of voiding symptoms were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were: 1) men >45 years, and 2) nocturia ≥2 confirmed by a three-day voiding diary. Subjects were divided into non-bothering and bothering groups based on International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Nocturia (ICIQ-N) question 2b. Changes in voiding symptoms, frequency of nocturia, and bothersomeness were evaluated with international prostate symptom score (IPSS), ICIQ-N, and three-day voiding diary at 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: A total of 48 patients in the non-bothering nocturia group and 50 patients in the bothering nocturia group who completed the 12-week treatment were analyzed. The total IPSS was decreased by 5.8 in the non-bothering group and 5.2 in the bothering group. There was no significant difference in decrease of IPSS between the two groups. Both groups showed significant reduction in discomfort of nocturia. The ICIQ-N 2b score decreased from 3.9 to 2.7 (p=0.01) in the non-bothering group and from 6.9 to 4.6 (p=0.02) in the bothering group. The number of nocturia episodes was significantly decreased in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of discomfort associated with nocturia, both groups showed significant improvement in nocturia-related discomfort and voiding symptoms. These results suggest that patients with nocturia who were unaware of its discomfort benefited from treatment.
Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Male ; Nocturia* ; Observational Study* ; Prospective Studies* ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia

Two new azaphilone derivatives containing 1,3-dioxolane moiety, penidioxolanes A (1) and B (2), were isolated from marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. KCB12C078, together with four known compounds (3-6) by chemical investigation. Compounds 1 - 6 were isolated by combination of silica gel, ODS column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Their structures were determined by analysis of spectroscopic data including 1D-, 2D-NMR, and MS techniques. The isolates were evaluated against cancer cell growth inhibition effects and antimicrobial activity.
Chromatography ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Fungi ; Penicillium* ; Silica Gel

PURPOSE: To evaluate how much the improvement of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) affects sexual function and which storage symptoms or voiding symptoms have the greatest effect on sexual function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 187 patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either tamsulosin 0.2 mg (group A) or tamsulosin 0.2 mg and solifenacin 5 mg (group B). At 4 weeks and 12 weeks, the LUTS and sexual function of the patients were evaluated by use of the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF5), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) questionnaire, uroflowmetry, and bladder scan. RESULTS: Both groups A and B showed statistically significant improvements in IPSS, OABSS, and quality of life (QoL). Group A showed improved maximum flow rate, mean flow rate, and residual urine volume by time. Group B did not show an improvement in flow rate or residual urine volume but total voiding volume increased with time. The IIEF5 score was not improved in either group. In group A, the IIEF5 score dropped from 13.66+/-4.97 to 11.93+/-6.14 after 12 weeks (p=0.072). Group B showed a decline in the IIEF5 score from 13.19+/-5.91 to 12.45+/-6.38 (p=0.299). Although group B showed a relatively smaller decrease in the IIEF5 score, the difference between the two groups was not significant (p=0.696). CONCLUSIONS: Tamsulosin monotherapy and combination therapy with solifenacin did not improve erectile function despite improvements in voiding symptoms and QoL. The improvement in storage symptoms did not affect erectile function.
Aged ; Drug Therapy, Combination/methods ; Erectile Dysfunction/*drug therapy/etiology ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/complications/*drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Questionnaires ; Quinuclidines/*administration & dosage ; Rheology ; Sulfonamides/*administration & dosage ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines/*administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome ; Urological Agents/*administration & dosage

PURPOSE: To evaluate how much the improvement of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) affects sexual function and which storage symptoms or voiding symptoms have the greatest effect on sexual function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 187 patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either tamsulosin 0.2 mg (group A) or tamsulosin 0.2 mg and solifenacin 5 mg (group B). At 4 weeks and 12 weeks, the LUTS and sexual function of the patients were evaluated by use of the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF5), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) questionnaire, uroflowmetry, and bladder scan. RESULTS: Both groups A and B showed statistically significant improvements in IPSS, OABSS, and quality of life (QoL). Group A showed improved maximum flow rate, mean flow rate, and residual urine volume by time. Group B did not show an improvement in flow rate or residual urine volume but total voiding volume increased with time. The IIEF5 score was not improved in either group. In group A, the IIEF5 score dropped from 13.66+/-4.97 to 11.93+/-6.14 after 12 weeks (p=0.072). Group B showed a decline in the IIEF5 score from 13.19+/-5.91 to 12.45+/-6.38 (p=0.299). Although group B showed a relatively smaller decrease in the IIEF5 score, the difference between the two groups was not significant (p=0.696). CONCLUSIONS: Tamsulosin monotherapy and combination therapy with solifenacin did not improve erectile function despite improvements in voiding symptoms and QoL. The improvement in storage symptoms did not affect erectile function.
Aged ; Drug Therapy, Combination/methods ; Erectile Dysfunction/*drug therapy/etiology ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/complications/*drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Questionnaires ; Quinuclidines/*administration & dosage ; Rheology ; Sulfonamides/*administration & dosage ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines/*administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome ; Urological Agents/*administration & dosage

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It is necessary to establish the most efficient diagnostic and therapeutic method for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), which is appropriate for Korean healthcare system. We aimed to evaluate current state of Korean clinician's diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for BPPV. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 16-item survey was emailed to the members of dizziness department of Otology Research Interest Group in the Korean Otologic Society (n=68). 43 were returned and analyzed. RESULTS: All respondents (100%) used Dix-Hallpike test as a diagnostic tool for vertical canal-BPPV. Supine roll test was used for diagnosing lateral canal BPPV in nearly all the respondents (97.7%). Epley maneuver was chosen as otolith repositioning maneuver (ORM) for posterior canal BPPV in all respondents and barbecue rotation (BBQ) was used for treating lateral canal BPPV with geotropic nystagmus in 95.3% of respondents. Extreme variation was noted for therapeutic approach of lateral canal BPPV with ageotropic nystagmus BBQ, with 4 kinds of ORM and adjunctive measures to liberate otolith from cupula, while BBQ was again the most commonly used ORM (76.7%). CONCLUSION: The development of practical and efficient ORM for lateral canal BPPV with ageotropic nystagmus is necessary.
Surveys and Questionnaires ; Delivery of Health Care ; Dizziness ; Electronic Mail ; Korea ; Otolaryngology ; Otolithic Membrane ; Public Opinion ; Vertigo

Dentists ; Drainage ; Emergencies ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Multiple Trauma ; Periodontal Diseases ; Replantation ; Root Resorption ; Social Control, Formal ; Tooth ; Tooth Avulsion ; Tooth Replantation

The objective of this study was to evaluate the duration of retained placenta (RP) on postpartum diseases and culling in dairy cows. Data were collected from 456 Holstein cows between 2008 and 2010. RP (> or = 24 h after parturition) and postpartum diseases were diagnosed by farm managers and a veterinarian according to standardized definitions. The overall incidence rate of RP was 14.0%, and the incidence rate of RP with fourth and higher parity was two times that of cows having offspring for the first time. The duration of RP was 2 to 15 days with a mean of 6.8 days, except for cases of fourth and higher parity which had a mean of 10.5 days. A total of 63% of cows with RP had postpartum diseases. Among the cows diagnosed with RP, 23.4% developed metritis, and of those, 35.3% developed endometritis or pyometra. A total of 25% (n = 16) cows with RP were culled within 60 days in milk (DIM) and of those culled, 75% (n = 12) had postpartum diseases. These results suggest that RP increases the risk of postpartum diseases such as metritis and mastitis and is a culling hazard up to 60 DIM.
Endometritis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mastitis ; Milk ; Parity ; Placenta, Retained ; Postpartum Period ; Pyometra ; Veterinarians

Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (ES/PPNET) arises from bone or soft tissue of many sites of body, but ES/PPNET, as primary lesion, in the soft tissue of neck is very uncommon. The authors experienced a case of ES/PPNET in a 17-year-old girl, which was manifested as isolated cervical mass in the soft tissue without any other suspected primary lesion or metastasis. We report the case with a brief review of the literature.
Adolescent ; Humans ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral ; Sarcoma, Ewing

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The endoscopic and clinical findings of gastrointestinal (GI) Burkitt lymphoma in Koreans are not well known. METHODS: From January 1995 to July 2007, 80 patients (47 adults and 33 children) were diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma at our institution. The clinical and endoscopic manifestations were analyzed in the adult patients (n=20, median age=52 yr) with GI Burkitt lymphoma. RESULTS: The most frequent symptom was abdominal pain (50%) followed by epigastic soreness (30%). Among the 20 patients with GI Burkitt lymphoma, 11 (55%) had gastric lesions, 4 (20%) had colonic lesions, 3 (15%) had both gastric and duodenal lesions, 1 (5%) had both gastric and colonic lesions, and 1 (5%) had gastric, duodenal and colonic lesions. For the 13 patients who had endoscopic pictures available, the most common type of disease was the ulcerative type (38.5%) followed by the ulcerofungating and ulceroinfiltrative types (23.1% and 23.1%, respectively). Most of the patients were diagnosed with advanced disease. The most common clinical stage was stage IVE (60%) by the Musshoff staging system. All 20 patients received combination chemotherapy, and the 5-year survival rate was 64%. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with GI Burkitt lymphoma, the most commonly involved site was the stomach. Most lesions were ulcerative with or without fungating morphology. Considering the advanced stage of most patients, the prognosis after systemic chemotherapy was favorable.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; Colon ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Stomach ; Survival Rate ; Ulcer

BACKGROUND: We wanted to investigate the effect of infectious complications on the outcome of patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and we determined the risk factors for predicting infectious complication and the mortality in allogeneic HSCT recipients. METHODS: We enrolled all the patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT at Samsung Medical Center from February 1996 to October 2003. RESULTS: A total of 139 patients were enrolled. A total of 450 infectious episodes were observed in 131 allogeneic recipients (90.8%). Infectious complications occurred in the allogeneic recipients [3.243.00 episodes/patient]. Microbiologically documented infection (MDI), clinically documented infection (CDI), and unknown fever (UF) accounted for 41.6%, 34.0% and 24.4%, respectively, of the total infections. Pneumonia (15.1%) was the most common infection. Among the 187 MDIs, bacterial infection, viral infection and fungal infection accounted for 50.3%, 39.6%, and 7.5%, respectively. Twelve of 24 deaths in the late post-transplantation period were related with infection. The statistically significant risk factors for infection related to mortality, by multivariate analysis, were the underlying disease risk, the duration of neutropenia, the failure of stem cell engraftment, acute GVHD, MDI, UF, the number of infectious episodes, bacteremia, fungemia, pneumonia, genitourinary tract infections, S. aureus, E. coli, Pseudomonas spp., Aspergillus spp., Non-albicans candida and CMV diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of fungal infections was still low in our institute, even though prophylaxis for fungal infections was not applied, except for gargling with nystatin. In addition, most of them were non-albican Candida and Aspergillus species. Therefore, routine fluconazole prophylaxis may not be needed in our institute.
Aspergillus ; Bacteremia ; Bacterial Infections ; Candida ; Fever ; Fluconazole ; Fungemia ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neutropenia ; Nystatin ; Pneumonia ; Pseudomonas ; Risk Factors ; Stem Cells