OBJECTIVETo explore a better therapy for knee osteoarthritis.

METHODSOne hundred cases were randomly divided into a comprehensive group and an acupuncture group, 50 cases in each one. The comprehensive treatment of fire needles at bones combined with cupping and Tuina on local area of affected knee was applied in the comprehensive group. The Ashi points were mainly selected in the fire needles at bones therapy, once every other day. The cupping and Tuina therapy was adopted once a day. The conventional acupuncture was applied in the acupuncture group, in which Dubi (ST 35), Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), Xuehai (SP 10), Liangqiu (ST 34) and so on were selected, once a day. Ten days of treatment were taken as a treatment course in both two groups, and totally 1 to 2 courses was required. The pain score of joint before and after the treatment was observed and efficacy was assessed in two groups.

RESULTSCompared before the treatment, the pain score of joint after the treatment was obviously improved in two groups (both P<0.05), and the score in the comprehensive group was lower than that in the acupuncture group (P<0.05). The clinical cured rate was 38.0% (19/50), which was superior to 20.0% (10/50) in the acupuncture group.

CONCLUSIONThe comprehensive treatment of fire needles at bones combined with cupping and Tuina, considered as a better therapy for knee osteoarthritis, could improve joint pain, swelling and action function, which is superior to the conventional acupuncture.

Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Aged ; Amobarbital ; therapeutic use ; Arthralgia ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drug Combinations ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; therapy ; Secobarbital ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism on senile osteoporosis of kidney deficiency pattern in the prevention and treatment with acupuncture and Tuina therapy.

METHODSSixty-four cases were randomized into an acupuncture and Tuina therapy group (group A, 34 cases) and a calcium carbonate group (group B, 30 cases). In group A, the patients were treated with acupuncture at the distal acupoints and Tuina therapy in the local area. Acupuncture was applied to bilateral Weizhong (BL 40) and Taixi (KI 3). Tuina therapy was given in the lumbar region. Totally 30 treatments were required. In group B, the Calcium Carbonate D3 were prescribed for oral administration, continuously for 12 weeks. The changes in lumbar curvature, lumbar lordosis index, sacral inclination angle, lumbosacral angle, L5 vertebral index and L3 vertebral index of lumbar biomechanical indices were observed and compared before and after treatment in two groups.

RESULTSIn group A, the lumbar lordosis index and sacral inclination angle were increased after treatment, indicating the statistical significant differences before and after treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The improvement of lumbar lordosis index in group A was superior to that in group B [(19.59 +/- 19.16)mm vs (14.47 +/- 13.28)mm, P < 0.05]. After treatment, in group B, L5 vertebral index was improved as compared with that before treatment (P < 0.05). It was required to have a study on the reasons of its lumbar morphological change.

CONCLUSIONThe acupuncture and Tuina therapy regulate the lumbar biomechanical structure through the positive stress stimulation and reconstruct the mechanical equilibrium of the lumbar vertebra. It plays the active significance in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Amobarbital ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drug Combinations ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Secobarbital

OBJECTIVETo explore the efficacy of Tuina for postpartum lactation and work out a optimal protocol involved.

METHODSWith a randomized, controlled and clinical method, 84 primiparas were divided into a Tuina group and a control group. While patients in the control group received rooming-in conventional managements, those in the Tuina group were additionally treated with Tuina, including local manipulations on breasts combined with acupoint manipulations. The colostrum-time, lactation quantity and prolactin were observed to make the comparisons between two groups.

RESULTSThe scores of lactation quantity after 1th, 2nd, 3rd of the treatment were 1.660 +/- 0.785, 2.530 +/- 1.030, 2.880 +/- 1.171 in Tuina group and 1.270 +/- 0.533, 1.460 +/- 0.811, 1.500 +/- 0.583 in control group respectively, where there were significant differences in each time stage between two groups (all P < 0.001). The time of colostrum was (21.6 6 +/- 10.508) h in the Tuina group and (22.5 +/- 9.762) h in the control group, in which the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The levels of prolactin (314.35 +/- 110.37) ng/mL and (321.56 +/- 109.61) ng/mL in Tuina group, (385.78 +/- 85.19) ng/mL and (340.12 +/- 103.10) ng/mL in control group before and after treatment, there were no significant differences (both P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPostpartum Tuina on breasts could increase the quantity of lactation and delay the decreasing of the levels of prolactin, which contributes primiparas to lactate more and sooner.

Adult ; Amobarbital ; Breast ; secretion ; Breast Feeding ; Colostrum ; secretion ; Drug Combinations ; Female ; Humans ; Lactation ; Milk, Human ; secretion ; Postpartum Period ; physiology ; Prolactin ; metabolism ; Secobarbital ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical therapeutic effect of post-stroke shoulder pain treated by acupuncture combined with Tuina.

METHODSThree hundred cases of post-stroke shoulder pain were randomly divided into an acupuncture and Tuina group and a rehabilitation group by double-center randomized controlled clinical trial method. In acupuncture and Tuina group, normalized electroacupuncture and Tuina therapy were applied, that was electroacupuncture at main points, such as Chize (LU 5), Quze (PC 3), Shaohai (HT 3), Jianyu (LI 15), Jianliao (TE 14) and Jianjing (GB 21),etc., combined with traditional Tuina manipulations; in rehabilitation group, the rehabilitation methods such as the electrostimulation through nervus cutaneus and the squeezing and stabilizing manipulations of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF), etc. were applied. The treatment courses of both groups were 6 weeks. The main therapeutic effect indices were the Assessment Face Scale (AFS) for pain when shoulder was in passive motion and the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment for upper limbs active function; the secondary indices were the moditied Rankin Scale (mRS) and the clinical incidences of shoulder-hand syndrome of hemiplegia and shoulder joint subluxation of hemiplegia.

RESULTSAfter 6 weeks treatment and 12 weeks follow-up, AFS score, Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of upper limbs active function and mRS evaluation in acupuncture and Tuina group were more obviously improved than those in rehabilitation group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Although the clinical incidences of shoulder-hand syndrome of hemiplegia and shoulder joint subluxation of hemiplegia in acupuncture and Tuina group was equal to those in rehabilitation group [3.55% (5/141) vs 8.45% (12/142), 1.42% (2/141) vs 5.63% (8/142), both P > 0.05], the data indicated that there was a superiority tendency in acupuncture and Tuina group.

CONCLUSIONThe combined therapy of electroacupuncture and Tuina is a normative manipulation, and the therapeutic effect is satisfying for post-stroke shoulder pain, superior to that of comprehensive rehabilitation treatment.

Aged ; Amobarbital ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drug Combinations ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Secobarbital ; Shoulder Pain ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Stroke ; complications

OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of bone metabolism biochemical indices of senile osteoporosis treated with distant acupuncture and nearby tuina, and to probe the better therapy for senile osteoporosis.

METHODSSixty-four cases were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group. In control group (30 cases), Calcium Carbonate D, Tablet was orally taken for 12 weeks continuously. In observation group (34 cases), "distant acupuncture and nearby tuina" therapy were applied, that was puncture at Weizhong (BL 40) and Taixi (KI 3), and tuina therapy on lumber region, 30 times treatment was applied totally. The changes of blood calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), ALP, BGP and urine DPD in bone metabolism biochemical indices were observed and compared before and after treatment in two groups.

RESULTSThere were significant differences in P, BGP, DPD in bone metabolism biochemical indices in both groups before and after treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), the contents of blood P decreased, blood BGP increased and urine DPD decreased. But, there were no significant differences in above indices between two groups.

CONCLUSIONThe calcium with oral administration and "distant acupuncture and nearby tuina" therapy can effectively improve the bone metabolism biochemical indices of senile osteoporosis, and they have positive significance in prevention of osteoporosis, however, it hasn't proved that which method is better for calcium protecting.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; blood ; Amobarbital ; Bone and Bones ; metabolism ; Calcium ; blood ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drug Combinations ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteocalcin ; blood ; Osteoporosis ; blood ; metabolism ; therapy ; Phosphorus ; blood ; Secobarbital

Involucrin is a recently recognized structural component of mature squamous epithelial cells and is considered as a marker of normal eratinocyte differentiation and ma.turation. In this study peroxidase-antiperoxidase techniques were used to assess involucrin expression in histologic sections of normal skin and a variety of epidennal tumors including squamous cell carcinomas(25 cases), keratoacanthomas(11 cases), basal cell carcinomas(20 cases), trichoepitheliomas(5 cases), Howens diseases(12 cases), arsenic keratoses(10 cases), actinic keratoses(10 cases) and Pagets diseases(2 cases). The results were as follows : l. In normal skin, the upper third of the viable epidermis showed diffuse cytoplasmic staining for involucrin. In hair follicles, the lower area of inner root sheath and inner area of the outer root sheath stained positively. The sebareous glands did not stain, but the ducts of sebaceous glands were positive. 2. Keratoacanthomas showed a relatively homogeneous staining pattern for inirolucrin ', all cells except basal cells stained with mild to moderate intensity. In contrast, squamous cell carcinomas disclosed a highly irregular involucrin staining pattern with marked variation in staining intensity from cell to cell. 3. Basal cell carcinomas were negative for involucrin except squamous horn cysts, and the epidermis overlying basal cell carcinomas showed the field effect, that is, the epidermis overlying the tumors exhibited diffuse, homogeneous positive staining of cells in all layers of the epidermis. 4. ln trichoepitheliomas, the involucrin reactivity was negative as in basal cell carcinoma.s, but the field effect was not observed. 5. In Elowens disease, actinic keratosis, arsenic keratosis and Pagets disease, the positivit.y for involucrin staining extended deeper into the stratum malpighii than was observed wit,h normal epidermis. And areas showing irregular patchy pattern of involucrin staining were considered to have the potentiality of malignant invasive change much more than the negative or homogeneous areas. Paget's cells were negative for involucrin as the adjoining keratinocytes in the lower portion af epidermis.
Actins ; Animals ; Arsenic ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cytoplasm ; Epidermis ; Epithelial Cells ; Hair Follicle ; Horns ; Keratinocytes ; Keratoacanthoma ; Keratosis ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Sebaceous Glands ; Secobarbital ; Skin

The pathogenicity of free-living amoeba, Naegleria fowleri, is influenced according to the strain, cultural condition and host (Culbertson et al., 1968; Carter, 1970; Wong et al., 1975). Phillips (1973) demonstrated that Entamoeba histolytica became avirulent after more than 2 year maintenance in axenic culture in vitro. This study was carried out to compare the difference in pathogenicity between two strains of N. fowleri, one of a prolonged maintenance in axenic medium and the other one obtained by serial brain passage in mice. The 0 strain was that N. fowleri had cultivated axenically more than 7 years in CGVS medium. The 2-1 strain was obtained from the brain of mouse inoculated intranasally with a strain, which was from the mouse brain infected with 0 strain, and cultured for 15 weeks until the beginning of this experiment. White male mice weighing 18-22 g were used. Mice were anesthetized by an intraperitoneal injection of about 1 mg secobarbital, and inoculated intranasally with 10 x 10(4) live N. fowleri trophozoites in a 5 microliter cell suspension. Sluggish behaviour, nervousness, rotation and leg paralysis were developed earlier and more frequently in the 2-1 experimental group than the control 0 group. Pathological changes such as inflammatory and necrotic lesion were observed in the olfactory and anterior portion of brain, and these changes were more extensive in the 2-1 group. The edematous and inflammatory changes in lung were demonstrated in mice died after 13th day post-inoculation. The experimental mice of 2-1 group began to die suddenly from 7th day post-inoculation, and the survival time in 2-1 group mice was shorter than 0 group mice. The typical primary amoebic meningoencephalitis was developed in the mice inoculated intranasally with N. fowleri. The prolonged maintenance of N. fowleri amoebae in axenic CGVS medium was observed to have lost their original pathogenicity for mice, but their pathogenicity was restored by serial brain passage in mice.
parasitology-protozoa ; Naegleria fowleri ; pathogenesis ; mouse ; brain ; primary amoebic meningoencephalitis ; secobarbital ; CGVS medium ; pathology ; nervousness ; leg paralysis

A 21 year-old female underwent resection of a pheochrocytoma under general anesthesia. The patient was treated with phenoxybenzamine for 5 days preoperatively and premedicated with triflupromazien, Librium, Seconal, pethidine, hydroxyzine and atropine in combination. Following indution of anesthesia with intravenous morphine and thiopental sodium, succinylchoine was administered intravenously and endotracheal intubation was performed. Anesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen and methoxyflurane, using a semiclosed carbon dioxide absorption circle system, and alcuronium was injection intermittently. Blood pressure during manipulation of tumor was increased up to 190/130 torr without arrhythmia and transiently dropped to 70/50 torr immediately after removal. Blood pressure was controlled by i.v. Hartmann's solution and whole blood with Solucortef and Effortil but not norepinephrine was needed. There was no marked tachycardis or arrhythmia during anesthesia, so a beta-adrenergic blocker(Inderal) was not used. The importance of preoperative preparation, premedication and selction of anesthetics is discussed.
Absorption ; Alcuronium* ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atropine ; Blood Pressure ; Carbon Dioxide ; Chlordiazepoxide ; Etilefrine ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyzine ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Meperidine ; Methoxyflurane* ; Morphine ; Nitrous Oxide ; Norepinephrine ; Oxygen ; Phenoxybenzamine ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Premedication ; Secobarbital ; Thiopental ; Triflupromazine*

Despite its many disadvantages ketamine may offer a partial answer to the pollution of the operating room by gases and vapours. It is a relatively long-acting drug with good analgesic action and does not require supplementation with nitrous oxide. This study was carried out to investigate the efficiency of the ketamine I.V. drip technique in patients undergoing operations not requiring tracheal intubation, muscle relaxation and controlled ventilation. The only contraindications to the use of its technique were hypertension, a history of a cerebrovascular accident or undetermined history of psychiatric upset. Twenty patients, ranging in age from 20 to 60 years, were premedicated with atropine and secobarbital, diazepam or hydroxyzine. Anesthesia was induced with 0.15mg/kg droperidol in Thalamonsl and was maintained with 0. 1% ketamine in 5% dextrose or balanced salt solution. The average dosage of ketamine was 1.175 mg/kg/hr for induction and 2. 33 mg/kg/hr for maintenance during operations with duration from 20 minutes to 5 hours and 35 minutes. No supplementary general anesthesia was given, but when the depth of anesthesia was :not adequate, the rate of the ketamine infusion was increased. After the induction with Thalamonal the respiration rates were decreased temporarily, but the tidal volume and arterial gas study were clinically within normal limits. The incidences of complications of anesthesia, namely increased B.P. (20mmHg above preoperative value), involuntary movements, dreams and hallucinations were 60, 40, 10 and 5% respectively. The verbal response time from the end of operation was within 30 minutes in 75% cases. It may be concluded that Thalsmonal and ketamine I.V. drip anesthesia without intubation can be used relatively satisfactorily in operations in which muscle relaxation, endotracheal intubation and controlled respiration are not needed.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Atropine ; Diazepam ; Dreams ; Droperidol ; Dyskinesias ; Gases ; Glucose ; Hallucinations ; Humans ; Hydroxyzine ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Intubation* ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Ketamine ; Muscle Relaxation ; Nitrous Oxide ; Operating Rooms ; Reaction Time ; Respiration ; Respiratory Rate ; Secobarbital ; Stroke ; Tidal Volume ; Ventilation

Three groups of healthy adults were premedicated with diaxepam or secobarbital and anesthetized with propanidid or thiopental. The concentration of serum potassium wes measured before induction and after succinylchaline iodide administration. The increases of potassium in diazepam-thiopental, diaxepam-propanidid and secobarbital propanidid groups were 0. 14, 0. 06, and 0. llmEq/L (3. 29, l. 38 and 2. 58%) respectively. Serum potassium changes were least in diazepam-propanidid group, but there were no significant differences among the 3 groups. The choice of induction agent is of importance for the changes in serum potassium which follow the subsequent injection of succinylcholine iodide. For instance, intravenous induction by barbiturate is followed by a lesser increase in serum potassium after succinylcholine injection than induction by halothane. As barbiturates are so commonly used as intravenous induction agents, we chose thiopental and succinylcholine iodide as standard with which to compare the other induction agents, propanidid and succinylcholine iodode. And also, we wanted compare two premedicants, secobarbital and diaepam. The results were as follows: (1) The thiopental-succinylcholine iodide group and the propaaidid-succinylcholine iodide group revealed no significant differences in serum potassium level. (2) There was a lesser increase in serum potoassium level after premedication with diazepam than premedicstion with secobarbital in the propanidid-succinylcholine iodide group. (3) Induction by propanidid succinylcholine iodide and premedication by diazepam are recommendable for least increasing the serum potassium level.
Adult ; Barbiturates ; Diazepam ; Halothane ; Humans ; Potassium* ; Premedication ; Propanidid ; Secobarbital ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental