Objective: To understand the smoking-related behaviors and influencing factors of current smoking among medical staff in Fengtai District, Beijing Municipality, so as to provide the reference for reducing the current smoking rate of medical staff. Methods: Medical staff in 28 medical and health institutions in Fengtai District were selected as the survey subjects from February to March and July to August 2023. Basic information, smoking and smoking cessation behaviors, and the provision of brief smoking cessation intervention services were collected through electronic questionnaires. Factors affecting current smoking among medical staff were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 6 716 questionnaires were allocated, and 6 714 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 99.97%. There were 1 590 males (23.68%) and 5 124 females (76.32%). There were 3 315 medical staff in clinical department, accounting for 49.37%. There were 457 current smokers and the current smoking rate among medical staff was 6.81%. The proportion of medical staff in clinical departments who were current smokers and provided brief smoking cessation intervention services was 72.99%, which was lower than that of non-current smokers at 85.18% (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that medical staff in secondary and above hospitals (OR=1.454, 95%CI: 1.136-1.862), male (OR=51.158, 95%CI: 34.810-75.183), work experience of 10~<20 years (OR=1.492, 95%CI: 1.065~2.092) or ≥30 years (OR=1.574, 95%CI: 1.011~2.449), those with positions (OR=1.644, 95%CI: 1.159-2.332), and those in logistics departments (OR=2.124, 95%CI: 1.278-3.528) or other departments (OR=2.011, 95%CI: 1.297-3.118) had a higher likelihood of being current smokers. On the contrary, medical staff with a bachelor's or junior college education level (OR=0.487, 95%CI: 0.346-0.685) or a master's degree or above (OR=0.268, 95%CI: 0.159-0.454), and those with an intermediate professional title (OR=0.430, 95%CI: 0.291-0.636) or a senior professional title (OR=0.452, 95%CI: 0.283-0.723) had a lower likelihood of being current smokers. A total of 214 medical staff successfully quit smoking, and the smoking cessation rate was 31.89%. Among them, 20, 18, and 17 medical staff had used the smoking cessation service hotline, visited smoking cessation clinics, and taken smoking cessation medications, respectively. In the past year, 199 medical staff who were current smokers (43.54%) had attempted to quit smoking, and 280 medical staff who were current smokers (61.27%) had the willingness to quit smoking. Conclusions The current smoking rate among medical staff in Fengtai District is relatively high. Hospital level, gender, educational level, work experience, position, professional title, and department are influencing factors for current smoking among medical staff. It is necessary to enhance the willingness of medical staff to quit smoking and their understanding of smoking cessation intervention services, so as to reduce the current smoking rate.