BACKGROUND:Oral and maxillofacial bone tissue defects can seriously affect the physical and mental health of patients.When bone defects occur in diabetic patients,bone metabolism disorders caused by abnormal blood sugar make it more difficult to repair and treat. OBJECTIVE:To attempt to apply AOPDM1,a polypeptide with potential bioactivity to the osteogenic treatment of diabetic patients. METHODS:In normal or high-glucose environment,different concentrations of AOPDM1 were used to interfere with mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,and cell proliferation,alkaline phosphatase activity,mineralization nodules formation and osteogenic differentiation gene expression were detected.The polycaprolactone scaffold was prepared by electrospinning technology,and the scaffold was modified by polydopamine to prepare the polycaprolactone-polydopamine composite scaffold.Finally,the scaffolds were placed in AOPDM1 solution to prepare polycaprolactone-polydopamine-AOPDM1 scaffolds.The water contact angle and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were tested in the three groups.In normal or high-glucose environment,the three groups of scaffolds were co-cultured with mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,respectively,and cell adhesion,alkaline phosphatase activity and osteopontin expression were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with normal environment,high-glucose environment inhibited the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.In the same environment,AOPDM1 could promote the proliferation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.When AOPDM1 concentration was the same,alkaline phosphatase activity,mineralization ability and mRNA expression of type Ⅰ collagen,osteopontin,alkaline phosphatase,and Runx2 of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were decreased in high-glucose environment compared with normal environment.Under the same environment,AOPDM1 could improve the alkaline phosphatase activity,mineralization ability,and mRNA expression of type Ⅰ collagen,osteopontin,alkaline phosphatase and Runx2 of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.(2)The hydrophilicity of polycaprolactone-polydopamine scaffold and polycaprolactone-polydopamine-AOPDM1 scaffold was higher than that of polycaprolactone scaffold(P<0.001),and there was no significant difference in tensile strength and elastic modulus among the three groups(P>0.05).Compared with the other two groups of scaffolds,the cells on the polycaprolactone-polydopamine-AOPDM1 scaffold had better adhesion morphology.When the scaffolds were identical,compared with normal environment,high-glucose environment inhibited alkaline phosphatase activity and osteopontin expression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.When the environment was the same,the alkaline phosphatase activity and osteopontin expression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the polycaprolactone-polydopamine-AOPDM1 scaffold were higher than those on the other two scaffolds.(3)The above results prove that polycaprolactone-polydopamine-AOPDM composite scaffold can promote the osteogenic properties of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in high-glucose environment.

As part of the studies to build evidence for the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) conducted by the Japan Society for Oriental Medicine, the observational research and the clinical trials were designed to examine the effectiveness of Kampo medicine in the treatment of COVID-19. These studies were initiated in the context of limited information about the clinical findings of COVID-19 and previous clinical study. Therefore, through literature review, we compared these studies with clinical trials on oral antiviral drugs in terms of endpoint, analysis methods, and results. Results of this review showed that the rate of severe disease and time to symptoms relief, which were focused on in observational research and clinical trials of Kampo medicines, were also used in antiviral drug trials. Furthermore, we discussed that when interpreting the results of clinical studies, it was important to take into account factors that may affect the results, such as the number of cases, the characteristics of the endpoint, and the characteristics of the target population.

At the 73rd Academic Conference of the Japan Society for Oriental Medicine held in June 2023, a report on an establishment of evidence for the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was presented. As part of this project, we reported how we conducted the observational study and the clinical trial that evaluated the effectiveness of Kampo medicine on the acute symptoms of mild to moderate COVID-19 patients. In this article, we have summarized our experience in these studies from the viewpoint of a statistician, including important things to be considered when writing a research plan and selecting endpoints and statistical analysis methods.

Reduced renal mass, increased recipient body size, and their mismatching are the potential risk factor to explain the non-immunologic graft dysfunction. Present study was designed to assess the effect of mismatch between donor kidney weight (KW) and recipient body weight (BW) on the 3-year graft function in live donor renal transplantation (TX) patients (pts) who were operated before Nov. 1995 under cyclosporine. To remove immunologic injuries and effect of glomerulonephritis (GN), the pts experiencing episode of acute rejection or showing post-TX biopsy-proven GNs were excluded. A total of 82 pts cohort was identified and followed up till Nov. 1998. The donor KW after cold flushing, BW of recipient at TX, and renal parameters at 3-year post-TX such as serum creatinine (Scr), creatinine clearance ratio (CCR) and 24-hour urinary excretion of protein (24UP) were recorded. First, any correlation between the index value of the KW/BW ratio and each parameters was studied by the regression analysis, and secondly, the pts were stratified into 3 groups by the KW/BW ratio (< or =3.5,>3.5 < or = 4.0 >4.0) and compared with each parameters by ANOVA test. Scr, CCR, and 24 UP was well correlated with the ratio KW/BW (p<0.01, respectively). The pts with high ratio (>4.0) have significantly lower Scr, higher CCR and lower 24 UP compared with pts showing medium or low ratio. In conclusion, the mismatch between the donor KW and recipient BW has a substantial effect on the medium term graft function. Since estimating the kidney volume by CT scan or ex vivo after bench surgery is simple and easily applicable in clinical practice, KW/BW ratio is to be considered for the selection or allocation of potential donor in both cadaveric and living donor TX programs.
Body Size ; Body Weight ; Cadaver ; Cohort Studies ; Creatinine ; Cyclosporine ; Flushing ; Glomerulonephritis ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Kidney* ; Living Donors ; Risk Factors ; Tissue Donors ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Transplants*