Objective To compare the efficacy of combined administration of receptor blockers and single administration of receptor blocker in the treatment of patients with overactive bladder syndrome and bladder outlet obstruction.Methods A total of 100 patients with overactive bladder syndrome and bladder outlet obstruction were randomly divided into two groups.Control group was treated with α receptor blocker,while study gToup was treated with α receptor blocker and M receptor blocker.Therapeutic effect was compared.Results The pain score,urinary score and total score of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,OABSS score in the control group was (7.2 ± 1.5),which was significantly higher than (4.8 ± 1.2) in the study group (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of complications in the study group was 4％,which was significantly lower than 10.0％ in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In the clinical treatment of patients with bladder outlet obstruction,the combination of receptor blockers has a better therapeutic effect.

Objective To compare the efficacy of combined administration of receptor blockers and single administration of receptor blocker in the treatment of patients with overactive bladder syndrome and bladder outlet obstruction.Methods A total of 100 patients with overactive bladder syndrome and bladder outlet obstruction were randomly divided into two groups.Control group was treated with α receptor blocker,while study gToup was treated with α receptor blocker and M receptor blocker.Therapeutic effect was compared.Results The pain score,urinary score and total score of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,OABSS score in the control group was (7.2 ± 1.5),which was significantly higher than (4.8 ± 1.2) in the study group (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of complications in the study group was 4％,which was significantly lower than 10.0％ in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In the clinical treatment of patients with bladder outlet obstruction,the combination of receptor blockers has a better therapeutic effect.

BACKGROUNDThe survival ratio of implanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the infarcted myocardium is low. Autophagy is a complex "self-eating" process and can be utilized for cell survival. We have found that atorvastatin (ATV) can effectively activate autophagy to enhance MSCs survival during hypoxia and serum deprivation (H/SD). The mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) pathway is a non-canonical autophagy pathway. We hypothesized that the MEK/ERK pathway mediated ATV-induced autophagy of MSCs under H/SD.

METHODSMSCs were pretreated with ATV (0.01-10 µmol/L) under H/SD for three hours. For inhibitor studies, the cells were pre-incubated with the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126. Cell autophagy was assessed by acidic vesicular organelles (AVO)-positive cells using flow cytometry, autophagy related protein using Western blotting and autophagosome using transmission electron microscopy.

RESULTSAutophagy was elevated in the H/SD group compared with the normal group. ATV further enhanced the autophagic activity as well as the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 evidenced by more AVO-positive cells ((8.63 ± 0.63)% vs. (5.77 ± 0.44)%, P < 0.05), higher LC3-II/LC3-I ratio (4.36 ± 0.31 vs. 2.52 ± 0.18, P < 0.05) and more autophagosomes. And treatment with U0126 downregulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and attenuated ATV-induced autophagy.

CONCLUSIONThe MEK/ERK pathway participates in ATV-induced autophagy in MSCs under H/SD, and modulation of the pathway could be a novel strategy to improve MSCs survival.

Animals ; Atorvastatin Calcium ; Autophagy ; drug effects ; Cell Hypoxia ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Flow Cytometry ; Heptanoic Acids ; pharmacology ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; drug effects ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Pyrroles ; pharmacology ; Rats

BACKGROUND: The restenosis occurs up to 20%-30% following metal coronary stent implantation. Under the support of the 863 program, the feasibility to treat coronary artery stenosis using a novel drug-eluting stent (DES) has been investigated to reduce restenosis. OBJECTIVE: A drug-eluting stent (rapamycin as drug mode) was implanted into porcine models of coronary stenosis. The safety and efficacy of the drug-eluting stent were observed and compared with bare-metal stent. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed in the Fu Wai Hospital for Cardiovascular Disease between November 2003 and April 2004. MATERIALS: A novel bioinspired phospholipid copolymer was synthesized by free radical polymerization of stearyl methacrylate, β-hydroxypropyl methacrylateand 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate. METHODS: Twenty-one pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups: bare-mental stent, drug-eluting stent, and polymer-coated stent. The treated stents pre-loaded onto a delivery system through the use of crimping instrument were implanted into pig's coronary artery, with 2 stents per pig. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Determination of luminal diameter, luminal area, mean intimal thickness on and between the stents, neointimal area, percentage of luminal area restenosis, and damage index using an image analysis instrument. RESULTS: At 28 days after implantation, there was significant difference in mean intimal thickness on and between the stents, as well as neointimal area, between the DES and bare-metal stent groups (P < 0.05). The neointimal area was reduced by 44.87% in the DES group compared with the bare-metal stent group. No significant difference in percentage of luminal area restenosis was found between the DES and bare-metal stent groups, but P value equaled to 0.053, which was close to 0.05. In addition, no restenosis was found in the DES group. CONCLUSION: Rapamycin DES can markedly resist intravascular intimal hyperplasia and restenosis following stenting.

OBJECTIVETo observe and evaluate the effect of tongxinluo capsule (TXL) on recovery of ventricular wall with segmental dyskinesia in patients with early stage acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODSOne hundred and twelve AMI patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or fibrinolytic therapy, were randomly divided into 2 groups, the control group (CG) treated with conventional medicine and the interfered group (IG) treated with conventional medicine plus TXL. The changes of ventricular wall motion, left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were observed at different time points (1-w, 2-w, 1-m, 3-m and 6-m) after PCI by using two dimensional echocardiography (2DE).

RESULTSThe ventricular dyskinetic segment recovery rate at 1-w, 2-w, 1-m and 6-m in IG was 11.9%, 18.1%, 18.8% and 70.02% respectively, which was significantly higher than the respective rates in CG (4.1%, 8.3%, 11.1% and 51.68%, P < 0.01), but the 3-m recovery rate in the two groups was insignificantly different. LVEDV increase rate in the two groups at 1-w was insignificantly different, but it significantly increased at 2-w and 1-m, and showed a higher rate in CG (P < 0.05). However, at 3-m and 6-m, it significantly decreased in IG but was insignificantly changed in CG. Improvement of LVEF was insignificant at 1-w, 2-w and 1-m in both groups, but at 3-m and 6-m, LVEF was significantly improved in the interfered group (P < 0.01), but still showed no obvious change in the control group.

CONCLUSIONConventional western medicine combined with TXL can significantly decrease the infarction area, improve left ventricular diastolic function in patients with AMI.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Myocardial Revascularization ; Phytotherapy ; Ventricular Function, Left

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the change of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the mini-swine model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and reperfusion and the effect of Tongxinluo (TXL) on it, and to explore the possible mechanism of no-reflow.

METHODSForty mini-swines were randomized into 5 groups: the model group, the small,middle and large dose of TXL groups and the sham-operated group, 8 in each group. The AMI reperfusion model was established by coronary ligation for 3 hrs followed with relaxation for 1 hr. Plasma ET-1 content before and after AMI, and after reperfusion was determined respectively by radioimmunoassay. The ET-1 mRNA expression in myocardial tissue of normal, ischemic and no-reflow area were respectively quantified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS(1) Compared with before AMI, levels of plasma ET-1 at the time points of 5 min and 3 hrs after AMI, 5 min and 1 hrs after reperfusion in the model group were significantly raised, showing an increasing tendency (all P < 0.01). But the increment in the middle and large dose of TXL groups were all lower than that in the model group (P < 0.05). (2) In the model and the TXL groups, levels of ET-1 in myocardial tissue of ischemic and no-reflow area were significantly higher than those in the normal area, and the increment in no-reflow area was higher than that in ischemic area (all P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, significant lowering of ET-1 in ischemic area was only shown in the middle and large dose of TXL groups (P < 0.01). (3) In the model and the TXL groups, ET-1 mRNA expression in ischemic area was significantly higher (all P < 0.01), while it in no-reflow area was significantly lower than that in the normal area respectively (all P < 0.01). The raised ET-1 mRNA expression in the middle and large dose TXL groups was significantly lowered when compared with that in the model group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe endothelium injury might be one of the important mechanisms for no-reflow phenomenon. TXL might reduce the no-reflow by protecting endothelium cells. was significantly higher (all P < 0.01), while it in no-reflow area was significantly lower than that in the normal area respectively (all P < 0.01). The raised ET-1 mRNA expression in the middle and large dose TXL groups was significantly lowered when compared with that in the model group (P < 0.01). Conclusion The endothelium injury might be one of the important mechanisms for no-reflow phenomenon. TXL might reduce the no-reflow by protecting endothelium cells.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endothelin-1 ; biosynthesis ; blood ; genetics ; Female ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature