Objective This study aimed to explore the relationships between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors among rural adults in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Xinjiang)and thus provide a theoretical basis and data support for improving the health of residents in this region. Methods We recruited 9,723 adult rural residents from the 51st Regiment of the Third Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in September 2016.The normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)was used to estimate residential greenness.The generalized linear mixed model(GLMM)was used to examine the association between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors. Results Higher residential greenness was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factor prevalence.After adjustments were made for age,sex,education,and marital status,for each interquartile range(IQR)increase of NDVI500-m,the risk of hypertension was reduced by 10.3%(OR=0.897,95%CI=0.836-0.962),the risk of obesity by 20.5%(OR=0.795,95%CI=0.695-0.910),the risk of type 2 diabetes by 15.1%(OR=0.849,95%CI=0.740-0.974),and the risk of dyslipidemia by 10.5%(OR=0.895,95%CI=0.825-0.971).Risk factor aggregation was reduced by 20.4%(OR=0.796,95%CI=0.716-0.885)for the same.Stratified analysis showed that NDVI500-m was associated more strongly with hypertension,dyslipidemia,and risk factor aggregation among male participants.The association of NDVI500-m with type 2 diabetes was stronger among participants with a higher education level.PM10 and physical activity mediated 1.9%-9.2%of the associations between NDVI500-m and obesity,dyslipidemia,and risk factor aggregation. Conclusion Higher residential greenness has a protective effect against cardiometabolic risk factors among rural residents in Xinjiang.Increasing the area of green space around residences is an effective measure to reduce the burden of cardiometabolic-related diseases among rural residents in Xinjiang.

Objective:To investigate the incidence characteristics and influencing factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rural Uyghur ethnic group residents in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and to provide scientific evidence for early identification and prevention of NAFLD for residents.Methods:A total of 10 158 participants were included from the Xinjiang Uygur ethnic group population cohort. A prospective cohort study and Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis were used to explore the influencing factors and clustering of NAFLD, and the dose-response relationship between related biochemical indicators and the risk of NAFLD was studied using a restricted cubic spline.Results:The cumulative incidence rate of NAFLD was 6.9%, and the incidence density of NAFLD was 12.06/1 000 person-years. The incidence density of NAFLD in females was higher than in males (14.72/1 000 person-years vs. 9.17/1 000 person-years, P<0.001). The incidence density of NAFLD gradually increased with age in the total population, both men and women (all P<0.001). In the general population, an education level of junior high school or above was a protective factor for NAFLD, while older age, divorce, widowhood, overweight, obesity, hypertension, increased glomerular filtration rate, decreased HDL-C, increased LDL-C, and increased ALT were risk factors for NAFLD. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), HDL-C, LDL-C, and ALT were non-linearly correlated with the incidence of NAFLD, and there was a significant dose-response relationship between them. Only 19.1% of residents had no NAFLD risk factors; over 80.9% had ≥1 NAFLD risk factors. The risk of NAFLD increased with the number of risk factors. Conclusions:The incidence of NAFLD in rural Uygur ethnic group residents in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps was relatively low, but most residents had one or more risk factors for NAFLD. Prevention and control of NAFLD in this population cannot be ignored. In addition, people of older age, divorced or widowed, low education level, overweight or obese, hypertension, and abnormal eGFR, HDL-C, LDL-C, and ALT were the high-risk groups of NAFLD that need to be paid attention to in this population.

Objective:To investigate the association of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and TyG-related indicators in Uyghur populations of The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.Methods:Based on the cohort of the Uygur population of The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, 11 833 study subjects were included. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of CVD in each quartile of TyG and TyG-related indicators. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between TyG and CVD, TyG-related indicators and CVD. Framingham CVD risk score model (Framingham model) was used to evaluate whether the addition of TyG and TyG-related indicators could improve the predictive ability of the model. The potential mediating role of the TyG in the association between obesity and CVD was examined through mediation effect analysis.Results:The average age of the subjects was (37.00±13.67) years-old, and 51.0% were male. The median follow-up time was 5.67 years, with 1 288 CVD events. The cumulative incidence of CVD increased with the increase of TyG and TyG-related indicators quartiles, and compared with the Q1 group, the risk of CVD in the Q4 group of TyG, TyG-BMI, and TyG-WHtR increased by 20% ( HR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.01-1.42), 77% ( HR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.46-2.16) and 68% ( HR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.36-2.09), respectively. After adding TyG, TyG-BMI, and TyG-WHtR to the Framingham model, respectively, the model's area under the curve, net reclassification improvement, and integrated discrimination improvement were improved. In the association between BMI, WHtR, and CVD, the proportion of mediating effects mediated by the TyG index was 10.55% and 11.50%. Conclusions:Elevated levels of TyG and TyG-related indicators were strongly associated with the risk of CVD in the Uyghur population of The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, with TyG-BMI being the most closely correlated with CVD. Early monitoring of TyG-BMI helps identify high-risk groups of CVD.

Objective:To analyze whether triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the value of TyG index in predicting CVD risk among Kazakh and Uighur population of Xinjiang.Methods:In this study, 5 375 Kazakh and Uygur people of Xinyuan county and Jiashi county were selected as the research objects. Subjects were divided into four groups based on the quartile of the TyG index level. Cox regression model was used to analyze the association between TyG index with the risk of CVD. The dose-response relationship between TyG index and CVD risk was described by restricted cubic splines. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to estimate the value of TyG index for predicting CVD. Mediating effect analysis was conducted to analyze the mediating effect of TyG index in the association between body mass index and CVD.Results:The age of subjects was 41.06（30.11，53.00）years old, with 46.30%（2 489/5 375）was male. After multivariate adjustment, there was an increasing trend between the risk of CVD and the higher TyG index Ptrend<0.001, compared with subjects of TyG index in Q1, the HR (95% CI) of Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups was 1.53, 1.23 and 1.73, respectively. Restricted cubic splines showed that TyG index was the linearly associated with the risk of CVD. TyG index could improve the prediction ability of Framingham model for the risk of CVD (NRI=0.106, P=0.010; IDI=0.003, P=0.030). The mediating effect analysis showed that in the relationship between body mass index and CVD, the TyG index had a mediating effect ( P<0.001), and the ratio of mediating effect was 12.69%. Conclusion:TyG index is an independent predictor of CVD risk among kazakh and Uygur population in Xinjiang and has a good predictive value for the risk of CVD.

Objective:To analyze whether triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the value of TyG index in predicting CVD risk among Kazakh and Uighur population of Xinjiang.Methods:In this study, 5 375 Kazakh and Uygur people of Xinyuan county and Jiashi county were selected as the research objects. Subjects were divided into four groups based on the quartile of the TyG index level. Cox regression model was used to analyze the association between TyG index with the risk of CVD. The dose-response relationship between TyG index and CVD risk was described by restricted cubic splines. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to estimate the value of TyG index for predicting CVD. Mediating effect analysis was conducted to analyze the mediating effect of TyG index in the association between body mass index and CVD.Results:The age of subjects was 41.06（30.11，53.00）years old, with 46.30%（2 489/5 375）was male. After multivariate adjustment, there was an increasing trend between the risk of CVD and the higher TyG index Ptrend<0.001, compared with subjects of TyG index in Q1, the HR (95% CI) of Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups was 1.53, 1.23 and 1.73, respectively. Restricted cubic splines showed that TyG index was the linearly associated with the risk of CVD. TyG index could improve the prediction ability of Framingham model for the risk of CVD (NRI=0.106, P=0.010; IDI=0.003, P=0.030). The mediating effect analysis showed that in the relationship between body mass index and CVD, the TyG index had a mediating effect ( P<0.001), and the ratio of mediating effect was 12.69%. Conclusion:TyG index is an independent predictor of CVD risk among kazakh and Uygur population in Xinjiang and has a good predictive value for the risk of CVD.

Objective:To investigate the level and the influencing factors of blood uric acid in monks and nuns in Wutai Mountain area, and to explore the relationship between blood uric acid level and BMI and blood lipids levels.Methods:Physical examinations and laboratory tests were performed on monks and nuns in Wutai Mountain area. There were 207 males and 261 females. Physical examination includes height, weight, blood pressure, blood uric acid, blood lipid, blood glucose and other indicators. The blood uric acid level was measured using the uricase method. Chi-square test for trend, and t test were utilized for statistical analysis. Results:The average blood uric acid level of the monk and the nun was (372±6) μmol/L and (290±4) μmol/L, respectively. Obviously, the average blood uric acid level of the monk was significantly higher than it in the nun ( t=11.636, P<0.01). The total incidence rate of hyperuricemia, which was diagnosed when the blood uric acid level was higher than 420 μmol/L in males and the blood uric acid level was higher than 360 μmol/L in females. In particular, the incidence rate of hyperuricemia was much higher in the monk (24.3%, 50/207) than in the nuns (13.4%, 35/261) ( χ2=8.966, P<0.01) . Analysis by age, the prevalence of hyperuricemia in men was 20.3%(42/207) before the age of 50, which was higher than that after the age of 50 (3.9%, 8/207) ( χ2=26.3, P< 0.01); The prevalence of hyperuricemia in women before the age of 50 was 2.7%(7/261), which was lower than that after the age of 50 (10.7%, 28/261) ( χ2=13.51, P<0.01). The uric acid level of men and women between 50-60 years old, showed the opposite trend. The level of uric acid in men decreased and increased in women. In addition, the prevalence of triglyceride abnormalities and overweight was more significantly in monks and nuns with high uric acid than those with the normal uric acid level [71.8%(61/85) vs 45.2%(173/383), χ2=19.68, P<0.01; 54.1%(46/85) vs 19.8%(76/383), χ2=42.4, P<0.01]; while no significant difference of total cholesterol and blood glucose levels was observed between these two groups. Conclusion:There are differences in blood uric acid levels among Wutai Mountain area monks and nuns of different ages and genders. The level of blood uric acid in male is significantly higher than that in female. Lipid metabolism and over weight are closely related to elevated level of the uric acid, which might be the risk factors of uric acid abnormality in Wutai Mountain population.

Objective: To construct and confirm a predictive model for the risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with metabolic syndrome (MS) and its factors in Xinjiang Kazakh population. Methods: A total of 2 286 Kazakh individuals were followed for 5 years from 2010 to 2012 as baseline survey. They were recruited in Xinyuan county, Yili city, Xinjiang. CVD cases were identified via medical records of the local hospitals in 2013, 2016 and 2017, respectively. Factor analysis was performed on 706 MS patients at baseline, and main factors, age, and sex were extracted from 18 medical examination indexs to construct a predictive model of CVD risk. After excluding the subjects with CVD at baseline and incomplete data, 2007 were used as internal validation, and 219 Kazakhs in Halabra Township were used as external validation. Logistic regression discriminations were used for internal validation and external validation, as well as to calculate the probability of CVD for each participant and receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: The prevalence of MS in Kazakh was 30.88%. Seven main factors were extracted from the Kazakh MS population, namely obesity factor, blood lipid and blood glucose factor, liver function factor, blood lipid factor, renal metabolic factor, blood pressure factor, and liver enzyme factor. The area under the curve (AUC) for predicting CVD in the internal validation was 0.773 (95%CI 0.754-0.792). In the external validation, the AUC for predicting CVD was 0.858 (95%CI 0.805-0.901). Conclusions The CVD risk prediction model constructed by 7 main factors extracted from Kazakh MS patients has high validation efficiency and can be used for risk assessment of CVD in Xinjiang Kazakh population.

Since the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 occurred in December 2019, the reduction of population mobility has curbed the spread of the epidemic to some extent but also prolonged the waiting time for the treatment of patients with gastric cancer. Based on fully understanding the different staging characteristics of gastric cancer, clinical departments should develop reasonable out-of-hospital management strategies. On one hand, reasonable communication channels should be established to allow patients to receive adequate guidance out of the hospital. On the other hand, shared decisions with patients should be made to adjust treatment strategies, and education on viral prevention should be implemented to minimize the impact of the epidemic on tumor treatment.

Objective:The purpose of this study is to establish the trajectory of targeted grafting for facial fat compartment based on anatomical research, and then bring it to clinical practice.Methods:The boundary of fat compartment and the relationship of adjacent vessel and nerve were clarified through autopsy. The recommended injection points and trajectory for targeted fat grafting were established on the anatomical findings. Retrospective clinical data of facial rejuvenation of 46 patients through targeted fat grafting were collected from June 2017 to June 2019 in Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital. The result of 3D scanning were analyzed to evaluate the survival rate of fat grafts.Results:There were subcutaneous superficial fat compartments in the frontal region, and there were both deep and superficial fat compartments in the temporal and middle face. According to the anatomical characteristics, a targeted fat grafting technique was established with the frontal hairline and the oral commissure corner mucosa as the entry points. In the clinical study, 46 patients were evaluated by 3D scanning 6 months after the last fat grafting. The amount of fat grafts in the temporal region was (17.84±8.47) ml and (11.2±2.44) ml was left after operation, and the survival rate was 63%. The amount of fat grafts in mid-face was (26.81±10.36) ml and (16.09±4.48) ml was left after operation, and the survival rate was 60%. Overall satisfaction rate of patients was 93% (43/46).Conclusions:Compartment-based targeted fat grafting is an accurate injection method, which meets the requirement of physiological augmentation. The trajectory of targeted fat grafting will further improve the efficacy and safety of injection.

Objective:The purpose of this study is to establish the trajectory of targeted grafting for facial fat compartment based on anatomical research, and then bring it to clinical practice.Methods:The boundary of fat compartment and the relationship of adjacent vessel and nerve were clarified through autopsy. The recommended injection points and trajectory for targeted fat grafting were established on the anatomical findings. Retrospective clinical data of facial rejuvenation of 46 patients through targeted fat grafting were collected from June 2017 to June 2019 in Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital. The result of 3D scanning were analyzed to evaluate the survival rate of fat grafts.Results:There were subcutaneous superficial fat compartments in the frontal region, and there were both deep and superficial fat compartments in the temporal and middle face. According to the anatomical characteristics, a targeted fat grafting technique was established with the frontal hairline and the oral commissure corner mucosa as the entry points. In the clinical study, 46 patients were evaluated by 3D scanning 6 months after the last fat grafting. The amount of fat grafts in the temporal region was (17.84±8.47) ml and (11.2±2.44) ml was left after operation, and the survival rate was 63%. The amount of fat grafts in mid-face was (26.81±10.36) ml and (16.09±4.48) ml was left after operation, and the survival rate was 60%. Overall satisfaction rate of patients was 93% (43/46).Conclusions:Compartment-based targeted fat grafting is an accurate injection method, which meets the requirement of physiological augmentation. The trajectory of targeted fat grafting will further improve the efficacy and safety of injection.