Objective To analyze and compare the clinical efficacy of CalliSpheres drug-eluting micro-spheres and blank microspheres in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer by bronchial arterial chemoembolization.Methods Fifty patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who had failed or relapsed after radiotherapy,chemotherapy,targeting and immunotherapy were collected and treated with super-selective bronchial artery chemoembolization.A retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the tumor response rate and survival between CalliSpheres drug-eluting and blank microspheres.Results The PR,ORR and DCR in the drug-eluted microsphere group were higher than those in the blank microsphere group,and there was a statistical difference in DCR between the two groups 1 month after surgery(χ2 = 4.08,P = 0.04).PD in the drug-eluted microsphere group was lower than that in the blank microsphere group.The CEA,CYF and SCC in the drug-eluted microsphere group after surgery were lower than those in the blank microsphere group,and the CEA,CYF and SCC in the two groups after surgery were lower than those before surgery,and there were statistical differences in CEA and CYF 1 month after surgery between the two groups.The PFS and OS in drug-eluted microsphere group were higher than those in blank microsphere group.Conclusion CalliSpheres drug-eluting microspheres could improve the effective rate of tumor treatment and prolong the survival time more effectively than the blank micro-spheres via arterial chemoembolization,providing reliable clinical practice basis for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective:Clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment process was reported and analyzed of a patient with brucellosis complicated with thyroid abscess, providing reference for the clinical diagnosis of brucellosis complicated with thyroid abscess.Methods:Clinical medical records of a patient with brucellosis complicated with thyroid abscess who was treated at the General Surgery Department of Yanchi County People's Hospital in Wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in November 2021 were collected. The clinical manifestations, blood routine, brucella antibodies, thyroid function, bacterial culture, thyroid ultrasound and other examination results, as well as the diagnosis and treatment process, were comprehensively analyzed. Results:The patient was a male, 61 years old, who presented with a neck mass without typical clinical manifestations of brucellosis. Thyroid ultrasound revealed a space occupying lesion, and the preliminary diagnosis was thyroid cystadenoma. Thyroid right lobe and isthmus resection surgery was performed. During the operation, it was found that some of the thyroid glands were tightly adhered to the cervical blood vessels, so the resection surgery was changed to abscess drainage, and the drainage fluid was purulent and bloody. The bacterial culture result of thyroid purulent fluid (intraoperative puncture fluid and postoperative drainage fluid) was brucella lamblia, and the serum brucella test tube agglutination test titer was 1 ∶ 400 (+++). The patient improved and was discharged after local drainage and anti brucella treatment. Follow up for 4 months showed no abnormalities. Conclusions:Brucellosis which begins with a local infection of the thyroid gland is extremely rare, with no characteristic clinical manifestations, and is prone to misdiagnosis. Timely correction of the surgical plan during the treatment process avoids the removal of the patient's thyroid, which has a certain clinical reference value.

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of immediate implantation of single maxil-lary central incisor and explore factors affecting post-implant bone volume.Methods Clinical data and imaging records from pre-surgery,the day of surgery,and 6 months post-surgery of 100 patients(100 implants)with non-salvageable maxillary central incisors who underwent immediate implantation were collected.Bone thickness at the cervical,middle,and apical regions of the implant's labial and palatal sides were measured immediately post-surgery and at 6 months,and bone volume changes were observed.A regression analysis model was used to assess predictive factors for labial and pal-atal bone plate thickness.Results At 6 months post-surgery,the labial bone thicknesses at the cervical,middle,and api-cal regions were 2.35,2.29,and 3.28 mm,respectively,and those of the palatal side were 0.00,2.40,and 6.05 mm,re-spectively.The cervical region had the highest alveolar crest collapse rates,with 32.87%on the labial side and 62.20%on the palatal side.The regression model indicated that factors influencing the thickness of bone at the cervical labial side of the implant included initial bone thickness,the implant center to adjacent tooth center angle,implant diameter,and the type of implant closure(P<0.05).The initial bone thickness on the palatal side was the sole predictor for bone thickness on the palatal side(P<0.05).Conclusion Immediate implantation of single maxillary central incisors yields effective clinical results.The thickness of new bone around the implant is influenced by multiple factors.A comprehensive consideration of these factors in the plan-ning of immediate implantation is necessary to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the antioxidant function of Mycoplasma pneumoniae MPN662 and analyze the key active sites, and to explore the role of MPN662 in the regulation of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in THP-1 cells. Methods:pET28a(+ )- mpn662, recombinant mutant plasmids pET28a(+ )- mpn662-Ser 66 (the 66 th Cys was mutated to Ser) and pET28a(+ )- mpn662-Ala 66 (the 66 th Cys was mutated to Ala) were constructed, recombinant proteins rMPN662, rMPN662-Ser 66 and rMPN662-Ala 66 were expressed, identified, and purified. DTNB method was employed to analyze the MetO reduction activity of rMPN662 and recombinant mutant protein. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were applied to examine the transcription level of the mpn662 gene and the expression level of MPN662 protein after Mycoplasma pneumoniae were stimulated with different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) or tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), respectively. Fluorescent probes (DCFH-DA) and the total SOD activity detection kit were used to test the levels of intracellular ROS and SOD in THP-1 cells, which were pretreated with rMPN662, and then stimulated by Mycoplasma pneumoniae lipid-associated membrane proteins (LAMPs). Results:Mycoplasma pneumoniae rMPN662 could reduce MetO to Met, and the enzyme activities of mutant protein were significantly lower than those of rMPN662 protein. mpn662 gene mRNA transcription level and MPN662 protein expression level were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner when Mycoplasma pneumoniae was stimulated with H 2O 2 and t-BHP. Treatment with rMPN662 before THP-1 cells were exposed to LAMPs could decrease the level of ROS and increase the production of SOD. Conclusions:Mycoplasma pneumoniae MPN662 can reduce MetO to Met, and Cys66 is the key amino acid for this activity. MPN662 can decrease the release of ROS and increase the production of SOD in Mycoplasma pneumoniae LAMPs stimulated THP-1 cells.

Objective:To summarize the situation of dead newborns and their parents after parents gave up treatment, and analyze the reasons and emotional needs of parents who gave up treatment, so as to provide reference for reducing neonatal mortality and negative emotions of parents.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to collect the data of neonates and mothers who died after giving up treatment reported in Hunan Children′s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021. The general information, perinatal risk factors, and the incidence of in-hospital diseases were analyzed. Then, semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of newborns who died after giving up treatment from February to December 2021. Understand why parents give up treatment and their emotional needs.Results:A total of 172 newborns died after giving up were included in the analysis, including 103 males (59.88%) and 74 premature infants (43.02%); Umbilical cord, placenta and amniotic fluid abnormalities were 21 cases (12.21%), 39 cases (22.67%) and 25 cases (14.53%), respectively. Birth asphyxia was 31 cases (18.02%), including severe asphyxia in 18 cases (10.46%); There were 21 (12.21%), 35 (20.35%) and 30 (17.44%) cases of maternal infection in the third trimester, hypertension in pregnancy and diabetes in pregnancy, respectively. The top three causes of death were septicemia (18.02%), congenital malformation (16.86%) and severe pneumonia (10.47%). The main reason why parents give up treatment was that the child′s disease was critical and irreversible, and parents had strong emotional needs for hospice care in their hearts.Conclusions:There are many high risk factors of perinatal death of newborns after giving up treatment. Sepsis is the primary cause of death, and strengthening perinatal health care is fundamental. Parents have a strong demand for hospice care, so it is of practical significance to implement family-centered hospice care model for such special newborns.

Objective:To explore the potential genetic causes of unexplained neonatal encephalopathy.Methods:This retrospective study enrolled 113 infants diagnosed with unexplained neonatal encephalopathy and underwent genetic testing in the Children's Hospital of Hunan Province from January 2019 to May 2021. Perinatal data, clinical manifestations, electroencephalograph, brain MRI findings, genetic information, and prognosis of those patients were analyzed. T-test or Chi-square test were used for data analysis. Results:Of the 113 infants enrolled, 74 (65.5%) were males. The gestational age at birth was (38.6±1.5) weeks, and the birth weight was (2 957±561) g. The most common clinical manifestation was the disturbance of consciousness (83/113, 73.5%), followed by seizures (39/113, 34.5%). There were 38.2% (34/89) of the patients with abnormal brain MRI, and 80.4% (74/92) presented abnormal electroencephalography. Among the 113 infants, 60 (53.1%) had genetic abnormalities, including 48 with single nucleotide variations, eight with copy number variations, and four with chromosome abnormalities. Single nucleotide variations in the 48 patients were classified into syndromic ( n=18, 37.5%), metabolic ( n=16, 33.3%), epileptic ( n=11, 22.9%) and mitochondrial-related genes ( n=3, 6.3%), of which 14 were not included in any database. Among the 103 cases which were successfully followed up until December 31, 2021, 75 (72.8%) had a poor prognosis, including 52 (50.5%) death cases and 23 (22.3%) cases of development retardation. Birth weight and the incidence of seizures in the poor prognosis group were both lower than those in the non-poor prognosis group [(2 876±536) vs (3 254±554) g, t=3.15; 29.3% (22/75) vs 53.6% (15/28), χ2=5.20; both P<0.05], while the incidence of disturbance of consciousness was higher [80.0% (60/75) vs 53.6% (15/28), χ2=7.19, P<0.05]. The proportion of infants with genetic abnormalities in the poor prognosis group was higher than that in the non-poor prognosis group, but the difference was not statistically significant [53.3% (40/75) vs 46.4% (13/28), χ2=0.39, P=0.533]. Conclusions:Genetic abnormality is one of the leading causes of unexplained neonatal encephalopathy. Nucleotide variation is the most common genetic type. Syndromic, metabolic, and epileptic variants are frequently detected in these patients.

Objective:To investigate the role of ferroptosis in testicular injury in adolescent male mice induced by TDCIPP.Methods:In December 2021, 30 healthy 3-week-old male C57BL/6 mice, with a body weight of (13±2) g, were selected and fed adaptive for one week. They were divided into control group, low-dose group, medium-dose group, high-dose group and iron death inhibitor group according to a random number table, with 6 mice in each group. Mice in low, medium and high dose groups were treated with 5, 25 and 125 mg/ (kg·d) TDCIPP for 28 days, respectively, while the control group was treated with the same amount of corn oil for 28 days. The iron death inhibitor group was given 125 mg/ (kg·d) TDCIPP intragastric administration for 28 days, and 30 mg/kg DFO saline solution was intraperitoneally injected three times a week. After the treatment, the mice were killed, the epididymis was separated, and sperm count was performed. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of mouse testis, and iron content in testis was detected by tissue iron detection kit. The level of reactive cxygen species, MDA content, and the mitochondrial membrane potential level of mice were detected. Western blot analysis of testicular glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) and internal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) protein expression.Results:Compared with the control group, the spermatogenic cells in the testes of mice treated with medium-and high-dose of TDCIPP were disorderly arranged, showing a vacuolar structure. the number of sperm in the epididymis was significantly reduced ( P=0.009, 0.004), while the sperm deformity rate was significantly increased ( P=0.010, 0.000). Moreover, the content of ROS, iron ion and MDA in the testes increased significantly ( P<0.05), and the mitochondrial membrane potential of mouse testicular cells decreased significantly ( P<0.05). The expression of GPX4 proteins decreased ( P<0.05). while the expression of COX2 increased significantly ( P<0.01). Compared with high-dose group group, spermatogenic cells in ferroptosis inhibitor group were closely arranged and normal, and ROS and Fe contents in testicular tissue were significantly decreased ( P<0.01) ; GPX4 protein expression was significantly increased while COX2 protein expression was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Ferroptosis is involved in TDCIPP-induced testicular damage in male pubertal mice.

Objective:To investigate the role of ferroptosis in testicular injury in adolescent male mice induced by TDCIPP.Methods:In December 2021, 30 healthy 3-week-old male C57BL/6 mice, with a body weight of (13±2) g, were selected and fed adaptive for one week. They were divided into control group, low-dose group, medium-dose group, high-dose group and iron death inhibitor group according to a random number table, with 6 mice in each group. Mice in low, medium and high dose groups were treated with 5, 25 and 125 mg/ (kg·d) TDCIPP for 28 days, respectively, while the control group was treated with the same amount of corn oil for 28 days. The iron death inhibitor group was given 125 mg/ (kg·d) TDCIPP intragastric administration for 28 days, and 30 mg/kg DFO saline solution was intraperitoneally injected three times a week. After the treatment, the mice were killed, the epididymis was separated, and sperm count was performed. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of mouse testis, and iron content in testis was detected by tissue iron detection kit. The level of reactive cxygen species, MDA content, and the mitochondrial membrane potential level of mice were detected. Western blot analysis of testicular glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) and internal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) protein expression.Results:Compared with the control group, the spermatogenic cells in the testes of mice treated with medium-and high-dose of TDCIPP were disorderly arranged, showing a vacuolar structure. the number of sperm in the epididymis was significantly reduced ( P=0.009, 0.004), while the sperm deformity rate was significantly increased ( P=0.010, 0.000). Moreover, the content of ROS, iron ion and MDA in the testes increased significantly ( P<0.05), and the mitochondrial membrane potential of mouse testicular cells decreased significantly ( P<0.05). The expression of GPX4 proteins decreased ( P<0.05). while the expression of COX2 increased significantly ( P<0.01). Compared with high-dose group group, spermatogenic cells in ferroptosis inhibitor group were closely arranged and normal, and ROS and Fe contents in testicular tissue were significantly decreased ( P<0.01) ; GPX4 protein expression was significantly increased while COX2 protein expression was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Ferroptosis is involved in TDCIPP-induced testicular damage in male pubertal mice.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) diagnosed and treated in our hospital during the past 10 years.Methods:A retrospective clinical study. From 2011 to 2021, 126 eyes of 67 patients with PVRL who were diagnosed and treated in Department of Ophthalmology, Eye-ENT Hospital, Fudan University were included in the study. Among them, there were 23 males (34.3%, 23/67) and 44 females (65.7%, 44/67); the average age was 57.1 years. There were 59 cases with both eyes (88.1%, 59/67) and 8 cases with one eye (11.9%, 8/67). At the initial eye diagnosis, 22 cases had a clear history of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL); 5 cases were found to have intracranial lesions by head imaging examination; 40 cases had no central nervous system involvement. Twenty cases were treated with glucocorticoids due to misdiagnosed uveitis. All patients received intravitreal injection of methotrexate (IVM) treatment. The treatment regimen was twice a week in the induction period for 2 weeks, once a week in the consolidation period for 1 month, and once a month in the maintenance period. Patients with PCNSL or both eyes received concurrent systemic chemotherapy (chemotherapy), and some in combination with radiation therapy to the brain (radiotherapy). The mean follow-up time was 39.3 months. The clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. The visual acuity before and after treatment was compared by t test. Results:Among the 22 cases with a clear history of PCNSL at the initial eye diagnosis, the average time from intracranial diagnosis to eye diagnosis was 22.9 months. Among the 40 cases without central nervous system involvement at first, 14 cases (20.9%, 14/67) developed central nervous system lesions during follow-up period. The mean time from ocular diagnosis to intracranial diagnosis was 9.9 months. Among the 126 eyes, 42 eyes (33.3%, 42/126) had anterior segment inflammation. vitreous inflammation type, retinal type, and vitreous retinal type were 58 (46.0%, 58/126), 7 (5.6%, 7/126), and 61 (48.4%, 61/126) eyes, and 9 of them (7.1%, 9/126) had optic nerve involvement at the same time. Patients received an average of 12 IVM treatments. IVM combined with systemic chemotherapy in 59 cases (88.1%, 59/67), of which 16 cases were combined with brain radiotherapy. All patients achieved complete remission after completing the treatment cycle (100.0%, 67/67). After treatment, 21 eyes (16.7%, 21/126) had ocular recurrence; 22 (32.8%, 22/67) had intracranial recurrence; 8 cases (11.9%, 8/67) died. The mean progression-free survival of patients was 23.7 months; the mean survival time was 43.6 months; the 5-year overall survival rate was 72.5%.Conclusions:The manifestations of PVRL are complex and diverse, and most of them are accompanied by involvement of the central nervous system. It can be divided into vitreitis type, retinal type and vitreoretinal type, and the optic nerve can be involved at the same time; IVM combined with systemic treatment can completely relieve the disease.

Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of upper digestive tract.Squamous cell carcinoma dominates in China and other parts of Asia,while adenocarcinoma dominates in Europe and the United States.Therefore,there are great differences in the pathogenesis of its biological characteristics and the selection of relevant treatment methods.Currently,surgery is still the preferred method for patients with esophageal cancer.But for patients locally advanced or distant metastases who are inoperable and for patients who are operable but do not want surgery,concurrent chemotherapy with radiotherapy is considered the standard noninvasive treatment.