OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Buyang huanwu decoction on red blood cells in hyperlipidemia model mice. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet to prepare a hyperlipidemia model. Successfully modeled mice were randomly assigned to the model group， atorvastatin calcium group （0.26 g/kg）， fenofibrate group （1.3 mg/kg）， and high-， medium-， and low- dose groups of Buyang huanwu decoction （18.6， 9.3， 4.6 g/kg）， with 10 mice in each group. Additionally， 10 mice fed with regular chow served as the normal group. Each group of mice received intragastric administration with the corresponding drug or normal saline once daily for 21 consecutive days. After the last administration， the body weight of the mice in each group was measured， and blood glucose， total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TAG）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） levels were measured. Red blood cell morphology changes were observed， and the expression levels of glucose transporter type 1 （GLUT1）， erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2 （protein 4.2）， caveolin-1， and flotillin-1 in erythrocyte membrane were determined. RESULTS Compared with the model group， the body weight and levels of TC， TAG， HDL-C， LDL-C， and the expression levels of GLUT1， caveolin-1 and flotillin-1 in the Buyang huanwu decoction groups were significantly decreased， while blood glucose levels and the expression levels of protein 4.2 were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. The red blood cell morphology in the low- and medium-dose groups of Buyang huanwu decoction was significantly promoted. CONCLUSIONS Buyang huanwu decoction can reduce blood lipid levels in hyperlipidemia model mice and strengthen the morphology and function of red blood cells in a hyperlipidemic environment， which has the potential to be used for preventing hyperlipidemia complications such as atherosclerosis.

ObjectiveTo understand the use of antibiotics in inpatients and the incidence and trend of hospital infections， to explore the implementation effect of comprehensive management measures， and to provide reference for hospitals to use antibiotics reasonably. MethodsBased on the hospital infection monitoring and management system， a retrospective analysis and comparison were conducted on the use of antibiotics， submission of microbial test samples， and incidence of hospital infections among inpatients in a tertiary hospital from 2012 to 2021. ResultsFrom 2012 to 2021， the use of antibiotics showed a downward trend， from 50.82% in 2012 to 41.29% in 2021. At the same time， the use rate of restricted and special antibiotics had also decreased， and the use rate of restricted and special antibiotics in patients without hospital infection was significantly lower than that in patients with hospital infection， and the microbial testing rate was also on the rise. The annual incidence rate of hospital infection was 0.69%‒1.92%， and the annual case-time prevalence rate was 0.79%‒2.17%. The annual average rate of the above two in 10 years was 1.18% and 1.34%， respectively. The results of the exponential smoothing model also showed that the utilization rate of antibiotics was decreasing and the incidence of nosocomial infection was stable. ConclusionLarge general hospitals took comprehensive management measures to strengthen the management of rational use of antibiotics， which led to a decline in the use rate of antibacterial drugs for inpatients and an increase in the rate of microbial examination. At the same time， the overall incidence of hospital infection was relatively stable， suggesting that the comprehensive management measures of antibacterial drugs in hospitals had achieved certain results. The current measures need to be optimized in the future to continuously improve the management level of rational use of antibacterial drugs.

Objective We aimed to investigate the relationship between microscopic pattern of blood stasis and renal pathological grade and related physical and chemical indexes in children with Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis(HSPN).Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 800 HSPN children from the medical records of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine.Laboratory indicators(blood routine test,urine routine test,coagulation test,liver function)and renal pathological indicators of them were collected.According to the severity of renal pathological microscopic lesions,the microscopic pattern of blood stasis was divided into three types,including choroidal discord,dead blood coagulation and intracarenal disease accumulation.The classification of renal microscopic pattern of blood stasis and the correlation between laboratory indexes and renal pathological index were analyzed by Spearman grade correlation and binary Logistic regression analysis.Results(ⅰ)There was no statistical difference of the distribution of the renal microscopic pattern of blood stasis in the different traditional Chinese medicine patterns.(ⅱ)There were significant differences in the contents or the grade of albumin and fibrinogen in the HSPN children with different microscopic pattern of blood stasis(all P＜0.05).(ⅲ)The maximum area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve between fibrinogen and intracarenal disease accumulation was 0.594(95％CI from 0.540 to 0.633,P＜0.001);sensitivity was 0.447,specificity was 0.725;the best threshold on the ROC curve of 0.172 was 3.755 g/L.(ⅳ)There were positive correlations between the content of fibrinogen,ISKDC grade and Bohle A grade respectively with the scores of intracarenal disease accumulation type(r=0.176,r=0.315,r=0.656;all P＜0.001).(ⅴ)There were positive correlations between the content of fibrinogen,ISKDC grade and Bohle A grade respectively with the renal microscopic pattern of blood stasis(r=0.157,r=0.377,r=0.429;all P＜0.001).Conclusion The microscopic renal pattern of blood stasis can not only reflect the severity of renal blood stasis,but also reflect the severity and long-term prognosis of renal diseases.Albumin and urinary protein grade can reflect the early stage of the microscopic renal pattern of the blood stasis(choroidal discord).The content of fibrinogen increases with the aggravation of renal microscopic pattern of blood stasis,reflecting the end-stage of HSPN,which has the correlation with the formation and severity of related indexes.Fibrinogen can be used as a laboratory indicator to assist in the diagnosis of irreversible lesionsin the renal pathology of HSPN children.

Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius is a kind of Gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacteria. The fast growth rate under high temperature and less susceptibility to microbial contamination enable G. thermoglucosidasius to be a desirable producer of biofuels and high-value-added chemicals for the next-generation industrial biotechnology. However, compared with the classical model strain Escherichia coli, the applications of G. thermoglucosidasius are hampered by its low transformation efficiency. This study aimed at obtaining competent cells with high transformation efficiency through inactivating restriction enzymes, adding cell membrane inhibitors and cell wall weakening agents. The results showed that the electro-transformation efficiency achieved 1.2×10⁴ CFU/(μg DNA) by knocking out four genes encoding restriction enzymes. Adding a certain amount of tween 80, dl-threonine and glycine further increased the competent efficiency about 22.5, 44, and 334 times, respectively. The electro-transformation efficiency was enhanced to 4.6×10⁶ CFU/(μg DNA) under the optimized conditions, laying a foundation for genetic manipulation and metabolic engineering of G. thermoglucosidasius.
Electroporation ; Electroporation Therapies ; Bacillaceae ; Cell Membrane ; Escherichia coli/genetics*

Objective:To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice of general practitioners (GPs) in Shenzhen towards managing patients with common mental health problems.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study, from September 19 to October 31, 2020, 500 GPs from 100 community health centers (CHC) in 10 districts of Shenzhen municipality were randomly selected as the research subjects by stratified random sampling; the survey was conducted by self-filled questionnaire, which included general conditions, knowledge tests of common psychological problems (generalized anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, panic attacks, sleep disorders), GPs′ attitudes to take care of common psychological problems, and GPs′ practice of caring for common psychological problems.Results:A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed and 329 valid ones were collected. In terms of knowledge, GPs had the highest accuracy of answering the characteristics of depressive disorder (97.3%, 320/329), and the lowest accuracy of case analysis of panic attacks (50.2%, 165/329). In terms of attitude, 71.1%(234/329)of GPs agreed that "common psychological problems should be taken care of",there was a statistically significant difference in attitude scores among GPs with different years of working in CHC ( Z=14.60, P=0.006). In terms of practice, the most encountered mental health problem was insomnia (91.2%, 300/329), 46.5% (153/329) of GPs would use psychological assessment scales, 52.9% (174/329) of GPs would choose direct referral, and there were statistically significant differences in attitude scores among GPs with different years of working ( Z=10.70, P=0.030) and years of working in CHC ( Z=22.14, P<0.001). Conclusions:GPs have a positive attitude in taking care of common psychological problems, but lack of knowledge and confidence. As working in CHC for more years, GPs are more inclined to care for patients with common psychological problems in practice.

Objective:To explore the effect of gratitude extension-construction theory in ovarian cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.Methods:From January 2018 to May 2021, convenience sampling was used to select patients undergoing chemotherapy for ovarian cancer in the Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital as the study subject. Patients were divided into the control group ( n=64) and observation group ( n=65) according to the random number table method. The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group was treated with nursing guided by gratitude extension-construction theory on the basis of the control group. The effects of intervention were compared using the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), General Self Efficacy Scale (GSES), Quality of Life BREF (QOL-BREF), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). The occurrence of adverse reactions between the two groups of patients was observed. Results:After intervention, the PSS-10, HAMD and HAMA scores of patients in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, while the GSES, QOL-BREF scores were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was higher than that in the observation group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Gratitude extension-construction theory-based nursing can improve patients' self-efficacy, alleviate negative emotions, reduce self-perceived stress, and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, which is worthy of clinical practice.

Objective:To compare the effects of different lung recruitment maneuvers in infants undergoing laparoscopic surgery.Methods:A total of 70 pediatric patients of either sex, aged 1-6 yr, weighing 10-24 kg, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, scheduled for elective laparoscopic surgery from September 2020 to June 2021 with expected operation time≤2 h, were divided into 2 groups ( n=35 each) by a random number table method: recruitment maneuver using incremental positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) group (PV group) and recruitment maneuver using controlled lung expansion group (RM group). The children underwent pressure-controlled ventilation after tracheal intubation, and lung recruitment was performed at 20 min after pneumoperitoneum, immediately after pneumoperitoneum, and at the end of operation and before tracheal extubation.In PV group, PEEP was gradually increased, the upper limit of airway pressure was 35 mmHg, PEEP was increased by 5 cmH 2O, ventilation was performed for 30 s, then PEEP was increased to 15 cmH 2O, ventilation was continued for 30 s, then the parameters were adjusted to the original ones, and ventilation was continued until the next lung recruitment.In RM group, manual ventilation mode was used, the pressure valve was adjusted to 30 cmH 2O, the pressure was increased to the maximum by rapid oxygenation, the breathing cuff was manually squeezed until the airway pressure achieved 30-35 mmHg, and 30 s later ventilation was performed with the original ventilation parameters, lasting for 30 s until the next lung recruitment.Peak airway pressure and mean airway pressure were recorded at 5 min after tracheal intubation (T 1), 20 min after pneumoperitoneum (T 2), immediately after pneumoperitoneum (T 3) and before extubation after surgery (T 4), and dynamic lung compliance was calculated.Blood gas analysis was performed at T 2 and T 4, and arterial partial pressure of oxygen and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide were recorded, oxygenation index, alveolar-arterial oxygen partial pressure difference and respiratory index were calculated.Lung ultrasonography scores were assessed before tracheal extubation (T 0) and at T 4 and 20 min after entering the postanesthesia care unit (T 5). The time of tracheal extubation and length of postoperative hospital stay were recorded.Hypoxemia in postanesthesia care unit and occurrence of pulmonary complications within 3 days after operation were recorded. Results:Compared with RM group, peak airway pressure and mean airway pressure were significantly decreased at T 2, 3, dynamic lung compliance was increased at T 2-4, arterial partial pressure of oxygen and oxygenation index were decreased , arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, alveolar-arterial oxygen partial pressure difference and respiratory index were increased at T 2 and T 4, lung ultrasonography scores were decreased at T 4 and T 5, and the incidence of postoperative hypoxemia was increased, and tracheal extubation time was prolonged in RM group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Lung recruitment maneuver using incremental PEEP provides better efficacy than that using controlled lung expansion in infants undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

Objective:To investigate the level of mumps virus (MuV) IgG antibody of healthy population and the genotyping of MuV in Fujian province in 2018.Methods:MuV IgG antibody of healthy population was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Small hydrophobin (SH) gene of MuV was genotyped in pharyngeal swab and cell cultures of mumps patients using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The phylogenetic tree by SH sequences was constructed to identify MuV genotype.Results:A total of 4 925 people completed antibody testing, the positive rate of MuV IgG antibody was 78.58%(3780/4925), and the geometric mean concentration (GMC) was 245.83 IU/ml. There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of antibodies between people of different genders, while GMC had statistically significant differences ( χ2=4.295, P=0.117; Z=-2.220, P=0.026). There were significant differences in the positive rate of antibodies and GMC between people in different regions and age groups. Especially in infants and 12-15 years old group of people, the MuV IgG antibody positive rate and GMC were at low levels. The antibody positive rate and GMC of people with a history of mumps-containing vaccine (MuCV) immunization were higher than those without a history of MuCV immunization and those with unknown MuCV immunization history ( χ2=259.315, P<0.001; Z=-16.319, P<0.001). Eight strains of MuV were isolated from the mumps outbreak, which were all F genotypes. Conclusion:The immune level of mumps in infants and young children in Fujian province was low, and the 12-15 age group is the focus of attention. The epidemic strains of MuV in Fujian province in 2018 were mainly F genotype strains.

Objective:We isolated and identified the genotypes and molecular characteristics of the imported B3 measles virus (MeV) in Fujian province in 2018.Methods:Throat swab specimens were collected from clinically diagnosed measles patients and tested for viral RNA, using the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction after the RNA extraction. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method was undertaken to amplify the 634 nucleotide acids of 3-terminal of the nucleoprotein gene. A phylogenetic tree was constructed and similarities in homology assessed.Results:We successfully isolated and obtained two measles virus strains and eighteen viral nucleic acid sequences. The Fujian strains were clustered within the same genotype group of WHO genotype B3 reference strains. Compared to the major circulating measles strain genotype B3 in the world, two Fujian strains MV18-41 and MV18-42 showed 100.0 % nucleic acid homology to HongKong.CHN/35.18 strain which was isolated from Hong Kong in 2018. The remaining 16 Fujian strains showed the highest homology (99.9 %) with the Mvs/Osaka.JPN/38.18/B3 strain isolated from Japan in 2018. Compared with other 23 WHO genotype reference strains, homology on both nucleotide and amino acid of the Fujian strain and the B1 genotype reference strain were the smallest, as 95.1 %-95.4 % and 95.3 %, respectively. The differences of homology between the Fujian strain and H1 genotype reference strain were the largest, as 88.7 %-89.0 % and 87.3 %, respectively. In addition, there were 13 mutation sites between the Fujian strain and the vaccine strain (Shanghai-191) at the 150 amino acid position of carboxy terminus on N protein, However, these sites did not cause functional changes in the protein region. Conclusions:In Fujian province, two strains of B3 genotype measles virus were obtained successfully, which were considered to be new genotype measles virus found in 2018. These findings showed it is necessary to strengthening the monitoring program on imported cases for better control and eliminate the measles virus.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homologue B1 (BRAF)^V600E mutation and metastasis after thyroidectomy in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with different recurrence risk stratification. Methods: From March 2014 to September 2017, 134 PTC patients (45 males, 89 females; age: 16-72 years) who underwent ¹³¹I treatment in the Department of Nuclear Medicine of Liaocheng People′s Hospital and had undergone BRAF^V600E mutation detection were retrospectively analyzed. The recurrence risk during surgery was divided into 3 levels: low-, medium- and high-risk. Each recurrence risk group was divided into 3 subgroups according to the postoperative follow-up results: non-metastasis group, cervical lymph node metastasis group and pulmonary metastasis group. BRAF^V600E mutation rates in different groups were compared (χ² test). Results: The BRAF^V600E mutation rate was 55.22%(74/134) in 134 PTC patients. The mutation rates were not significantly different in the 3 metastasis subgroups for low-risk patients (n=46; χ²=2.39, P>0.05). In medium-risk patients (n=47), the mutation rate in neck lymph node metastasis group (16/19) was higher than that in pulmonary metastasis group (3/8) and non-metastasis group (25.00%, 5/20; χ² values: 5.89 and 13.75, both P<0.05), while there was no difference between pulmonary metastasis group and non-metastasis group (χ²=0.44, P>0.05). In high risk patients (n=41), the mutation rate in neck lymph node metastasis group (85.00%, 17/20) was higher than that in the pulmonary metastasis group (5/13) and non-metastasis group (1/8; χ² values: 7.68 and 13.08, both P<0.01), while there was no difference between pulmonary metastasis group and non-metastasis group (χ²=1.64, P>0.05). Conclusion The BRAF^V600E mutation is closely related to neck lymph node metastasis after operation in middle- and high-risk patients with PTC, but it does not significantly increase the probabilities of neck lymph node metastasis in low-risk patients and pulmonary metastasis in low-, medium- and high-risk patients.