Objective To study the clinical characteristics and related factors affecting the severity of acute tinnitus in patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 319 patients with acute tinni-tus.All patients had detailed case history,including basic patient information,tinnitus location,course of disease,acoustic characteristics of tinnitus,hearing loss,combined headache,dizziness,aural fallness,earache and other symptoms,as well as accompanying clinical diseases.All patients completed the tinnitus handicap inventory(THI),generalized anxiety disorder(GAD-7),patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9),pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI),hyperacusis questionnaire(HQ),type D personality scale-14(DS-14),etc.The mild tinnitus group was determined based on a THI score of ≤36.The moderate tinnitus group was determined based on a THI score of 38～56.The severe to extremely severe tinnitus group was determinded based on THI 56～100.THI grouping was used as the dependent variable and the above factors as independent variables.The correlation between each factor and the severity of acute tinnitus was analyzed using ordered multinomial logistic regression.Results Among 319 patients with acute tinnitus,158(49.5％)were in the mild tinnitus group,and 72(22.6％)were in the moderate tinnitus group,and 89(27.9％)were in severe to extremely severe tinnitus group.Ordered multinomial logistic re-gression analysis found that hyperacusis(OR=3.921),anxiety(OR=2.495),depression(OR=2.921),and D-type personality(OR=0.349)were associated with the severity of acute tinnitus(P＜0.05),with more serere tin-nitus in these patients.Conclusion Hyperacusis,anxiety,depression,and D-type personality may be factors that affect the severity of acute tinnitus,so high attention should be paid when treating patients with acute tinnitus.

Objective:To systematically estimate the effectiveness of physical activity intervention and Borg perceived exertion on the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to provide references for physical activity management during pregnancy.Methods:Databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trails, EMBASE, Scopus, CNKI and Wanfang were searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCT) focusing on the effect of physical activity intervention on glucose control and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women. The primary outcome was the incidence of GDM. The secondary outcomes included the 2 hour oral glucose tolerance test (2 h OGTT), gestational weight gain, gestational week of delivery, and neonatal weight. The statistical analysis was performed by R 4.0.2 software. The quality of the literatures was evaluated based on the Cochrane Risk of bias tool.Results:A total of 14 RCTs involving 4 509 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results of meta-analysis showed that the incidence of GDM ( RR=0.74, 95% CI=0.59-0.93, P<0.01), 2 h OGTT (MD=-0.27, 95% CI=-0.48--0.07, P<0.01), and gestational weight gain (MD=-1.04, 95% CI=-1.91--0.18, P=0.02) in the experimental group were all significantly lower than those in control group, while the neonatal weight (MD=-27.43, 95% CI=-58.77-3.92, P=0.09) and gestational week of delivery (MD=-0.18, 95% CI=-0.93-0.57, P=0.64) showed no significant difference between the two groups. Subgroup analysis showed that Borg rating scale of perceived exertion scored higher than 12 ( RR=0.64, 95% CI=0.46-0.89, P<0.01), physical activity conducted in groups ( RR=0.66, 95% CI=0.46-0.94, P=0.02), intervention organized by fitness specialist ( RR=0.73, 95% CI=0.56-0.95, P=0.02) were associated with the decreased risk of GDM. In addition, the meta-regression result showed that total intervention time more than 2 hours per week (correlation coefficient=-1.06, 95% CI=-1.86--0.27, P<0.01) was the main source of study heterogeneity. Conclusions:Physical activity during pregnancy with Borg rating scale of perceived exertion scored higher than 12 had a positive effect on reducing the incidence of GDM.

Objective:To investigate the value of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (pSOFA) and pediatric critical illness score (PCIS) in predicting mortality of pediatric sepsis in pediatric intensive care units (PICU) from Southwest China.Methods:This was a prospective multicenter observational study. A total of 447 children with sepsis admitted to 12 PICU in Southwest China from April 2022 to March 2023 were enrolled. Based on the prognosis, the patients were divided into survival group and non-survival group. The physiological parameters of SIRS, pSOFA and PCIS were recorded and scored within 24 h after PICU admission. The general clinical data and some laboratory results were recorded. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to compare the predictive value of SIRS, pSOFA and PCIS in mortality of pediatric sepsis.Results:Amongst 447 children with sepsis, 260 patients were male and 187 patients were female, aged 2.5 (0.8, 7.0) years, 405 patients were in the survival group and 42 patients were in the non-survival group. 418 patients (93.5%) met the criteria of SIRS, and 440 patients (98.4%) met the criteria of pSOFA≥2. There was no significant difference in the number of items meeting the SIRS criteria between the survival group and the non-survival group (3(2, 4) vs. 3(3, 4) points, Z=1.30, P=0.192). The pSOFA score of the non-survival group was significantly higher than that of the survival group (9(6, 12) vs. 4(3, 7) points, Z=6.56, P<0.001), and the PCIS score was significantly lower than that of the survival group (72(68, 81) vs. 82(76, 88) points, Z=5.90, P<0.001). The predictive value of pSOFA (AUC=0.82) and PCIS (AUC=0.78) for sepsis mortality was significantly higher than that of SIRS (AUC=0.56) ( Z=6.59, 4.23, both P<0.001). There was no significant difference between pSOFA and PCIS ( Z=1.35, P=0.176). Platelet count, procalcitonin, lactic acid, albumin, creatinine, total bilirubin, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time and international normalized ratio were all able to predict mortality of sepsis to a certain degree (AUC=0.64, 0.68, 0.80, 0.64, 0.68, 0.60, 0.77, 0.75, 0.76, all P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with SIRS, both pSOFA and PCIS had better predictive value in the mortality of pediatric sepsis in PICU.

Objective:To explore influencing factors of the self-reported brief life quality satisfaction score(Brief-QoL) in patients with acromegaly and understand the persistent low Brief-QoL scores in cases achieving biochemical remission.Methods:This study included 836 acromegaly patients who were hospitalized at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2012 and December 2020. We retrospectively examined how clinical characteristics, biochemical parameters, comorbidities, and symptoms influenced Brief-QoL. Among patients who achieved biochemical remission, differences in clinical symptoms and comorbidities were analyzed between the high and low quality of life groups.Results:Patients with well-controlled biochemical indicators at the last follow-up had generally high Brief-QoL. However, patients with symptoms such as headaches (47.8% in the low-score group vs 14.9% in the high-score group, P<0.001) and joint pain (69.6% in the low-score group vs 19.0% in the high-score group, P<0.001) had low Brief-QoL despite biochemical remission. Receiving combined treatment(52.4% in the low-score group vs 27.5% in the high-score group, P=0.030) and having comorbid diabetes or hyperlipidemia were significant factors leading to decreased quality of life. Conclusion:Brief-QoL is suitable for follow-up of outpatient patients. Early identification of factors affecting quality of life and timely intervention can facilitate the realization of standardized management.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and the risk factors of fungal sepsis in 25 neonatal intensive care units (NICU) among preterm infants in China, and to provide a basis for preventive strategies of fungal sepsis. Methods: This was a second-analysis of the data from the "reduction of infection in neonatal intensive care units using the evidence-based practice for improving quality" study. The current status of fungal sepsis of the 24 731 preterm infants with the gestational age of <34⁺⁰ weeks, who were admitted to 25 participating NICU within 7 days of birth between May 2015 and April 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. These preterm infants were divided into the fungal sepsis group and the without fungal sepsis group according to whether they developed fungal sepsis to analyze the incidences and the microbiology of fungal sepsis. Chi-square test was used to compare the incidences of fungal sepsis in preterm infants with different gestational ages and birth weights and in different NICU. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to study the outcomes of preterm infants with fungal sepsis, which were further compared with those of preterm infants without fungal sepsis. The 144 preterm infants in the fungal sepsis group were matched with 288 preterm infants in the non-fungal sepsis group by propensity score-matched method. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of fungal sepsis. Results: In all, 166 (0.7%) of the 24 731 preterm infants developed fungal sepsis, with the gestational age of (29.7±2.0) weeks and the birth weight of (1 300±293) g. The incidence of fungal sepsis increased with decreasing gestational age and birth weight (both P<0.001). The preterm infants with gestational age of <32 weeks accounted for 87.3% (145/166). The incidence of fungal sepsis was 1.0% (117/11 438) in very preterm infants and 2.0% (28/1 401) in extremely preterm infants, and was 1.3% (103/8 060) in very low birth weight infants and 1.7% (21/1 211) in extremely low birth weight infants, respectively. There was no fungal sepsis in 3 NICU, and the incidences in the other 22 NICU ranged from 0.7% (10/1 397) to 2.9% (21/724), with significant statistical difference (P<0.001). The pathogens were mainly Candida (150/166, 90.4%), including 59 cases of Candida albicans and 91 cases of non-Candida albicans, of which Candida parapsilosis was the most common (41 cases). Fungal sepsis was independently associated with increased risk of moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (adjusted OR 1.52, 95%CI 1.04-2.22, P=0.030) and severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (adjusted OR 2.55, 95%CI 1.12-5.80, P=0.025). Previous broad spectrum antibiotics exposure (adjusted OR=2.50, 95%CI 1.50-4.17, P<0.001), prolonged use of central line (adjusted OR=1.05, 95%CI 1.03-1.08, P<0.001) and previous total parenteral nutrition (TPN) duration (adjusted OR=1.04, 95%CI 1.02-1.06, P<0.001) were all independently associated with increasing risk of fungal sepsis. Conclusions: Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis are the main pathogens of fungal sepsis among preterm infants in Chinese NICU. Preterm infants with fungal sepsis are at increased risk of moderate to severe BPD and severe ROP. Previous broad spectrum antibiotics exposure, prolonged use of central line and prolonged duration of TPN will increase the risk of fungal sepsis. Ongoing initiatives are needed to reduce fungal sepsis based on these risk factors.
Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Birth Weight ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Retrospective Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Gestational Age ; Infant, Extremely Premature ; Sepsis/epidemiology* ; Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology* ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/epidemiology*

To investigate the regulation of N6- methyladenosine ( m6A ) modification on L-type calcium channels in atrial myocytes under high hydrostatic pressure, mediated by methyltransferase-like protein 3 ( METTL3 ). Methods C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to the control group and the hypertension group ( treated with continuous administration of angiotensin for four weeks ). Masson staining was used to observe the fibrosis of mouse atrial tissue, while dot blot assay and Western blot were used to detect the levels of m6A, METTL3, and Cavi1 2 in the atrial tissue. A high hydrostatic pressure model was constructed using the HL-1 cell line cultured in vitro, and METTL3 was intervened to observe changes in m6A expression levels, METTL3 and Cavi1 2 levels in cells,and action potential duration ( APD ) and L-type calcium current ( I

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated acquired hemorrhagic autoimmune disease. At present, the first-line therapeutic drugs for ITP include glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulins. However, about 1/3 of the patients had no response to the first-line treatment, or relapsed after dose reduction or withdrawal of glucocorticoids. In recent years, with the gradual deepening of the understanding on the pathogenesis of ITP, the drugs targeting different pathogenesis continually emerge, including immunomodulators, demethylating agents, spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitors and neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) antagonist. However, most of these drugs are in clinical trials. This review summarized briefly the recent advances in the treatment of glucocorticoids resistance and relapsed ITP, so as to provide reference for the clinical treatments.
Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/drug therapy* ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use* ; Thrombocytopenia ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use* ; Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use*

[Abstract] Objective To explore the potential pathophysiological mechanism of depression by screening the expression profiles and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network microRNA(miRNA), long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) in the hippocampus of chronic stress depression rat model. Methods Twelve SD rats were divided into blank group and model group. Chronic mild unpredictability stress (CUMS) was used to construct the rat model of depression. The whole transcriptome analysis was performed on the hippocampus of the rats, and the possible regulatory networks among lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA were explored by bioinformatics method. Results According to the | fold change | ≥1. 5 and P≤0. 05, 29 differentially expressed miRNAs (21 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 686 differentially expressed lncRNAs (163 up-regulated and 523 down-regulated) and 8 differentially expressed circRNAs (3 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated) were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kytot Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the target genes of miRNAs were mainly enriched in the Golgi apparatus and calcium ion binding process in the cell membrane, the functions of lncRNAs target genes involved nucleic acid binding regulation, cytokine and protein ubiquitination, etc, and the functions of host genes of circRNAs were associated with cellular stimulation response, metabolic process, catalytic activity and other processes. The ceRNA network of lncRNAs and circRNAs showed complex interactions between non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and mRNA related to synaptic plasticity, such as protein Wnt-sa(WNT5a) and collagentype III alpha1(COL8a1) related to axon orientation and laminin A2(LAMA2) related to neurodevelopment. Conclusion The ceRNA network of lncRNA and circRNA shows that the complex interaction betweens ncRNA and mRNA is highly associated with the neuroplasticity, which support the neuroplasticity hypothesis of depression.

The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown impressive anti-tumor efficacy across multiple malignant tumors, leading to the prolonged survival period of tumor patients. However, immune-related adverse events should not be ignored. Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a pulmonary adverse event that can occur in malignant tumor patients after receiving ICIs treatment. The incidence of CIP has been reported to range from 2.7% to 20.0% in clinical trials and real-world research. Furthermore, some patients might suffer from serious or fatal CIP, and the prognosis of such patients will be poor. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment may improve the prognosis of these patients. The establishment of a whole-process CIP comprehensive surveillance management mode covering the health care system and patients during ICIs treatment might be helpful to improve the early diagnosis and treatment capacity of CIP, which is a key measure to improve the prognosis of these patients.
Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/adverse effects* ; Pneumonia ; Lung Neoplasms

The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown impressive anti-tumor efficacy across multiple malignant tumors, leading to the prolonged survival period of tumor patients. However, immune-related adverse events should not be ignored. Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a pulmonary adverse event that can occur in malignant tumor patients after receiving ICIs treatment. The incidence of CIP has been reported to range from 2.7% to 20.0% in clinical trials and real-world research. Furthermore, some patients might suffer from serious or fatal CIP, and the prognosis of such patients will be poor. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment may improve the prognosis of these patients. The establishment of a whole-process CIP comprehensive surveillance management mode covering the health care system and patients during ICIs treatment might be helpful to improve the early diagnosis and treatment capacity of CIP, which is a key measure to improve the prognosis of these patients.
Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/adverse effects* ; Pneumonia ; Lung Neoplasms