This study aims to compare the chemical constituents in 24 batches of Artemisiae Argyi Folium samples collected from three different Dao-di producing areas(Anguo in Hebei, Nanyang in Henan, and Qichun in Hubei). An ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC) method was established to determine the content of 13 nonvolatile components, and headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-GC-MS) was employed for qualitative analysis and comparison of the volatile components. The content of phenolic acids in Artemisiae Argyi Folium was higher than that of flavonoids, and the content of nonvolatile components showed no significant differences among the samples from the three Dao-di producing areas. A total of 40 volatile components were identified, and the relative content of volatile components in Artemisiae Argyi Folium was significantly different among the samples from different Dao-di producing areas. The principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis identified 8 volatile components as the potential markers for discrimination of Artemisiae Argyi Folium samples from different Dao-di producing areas. This study revealed the differences in the chemical composition of Artemisiae Argyi Folium samples from three different Dao-di producing areas, providing analytical methods and a scientific basis for the discrimination and quality evaluation of Artemisia Argyi Folium in different Dao-di producing areas.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Flavonoids/analysis* ; Plant Leaves/chemistry* ; Artemisia/chemistry*

Humans ; Gemcitabine ; Neoplasms

Objective: To understand the performance of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection in screening of contacts of COVID-19 cases in same flights and provide evidence for the effective screening of persons at high risk for the infection in domestic flights. Methods: The information of passengers who took same domestic flights with COVID-19 cases in China from April 1, 2020 to April 30, 2022 were retrospectively collected,and χ² test was used to analyze positive nucleic acid detection rates in the passengers in different times before the onsets of the index cases, in different seat rows and in epidemic periods of different 2019-nCoV variants. Results: During the study period, a total of 433 index cases were identified among 23 548 passengers in 370 flights. Subsequently, 72 positive cases of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid were detected in the passengers, in whom 57 were accompanying persons of the index cases. Further analysis of the another 15 passengers who tested positive for the nucleic acid showed that 86.67% of them had onsets or positive detections within 3 days after the diagnosis of the index cases, and the boarding times were all within 4 days before the onsets of the index cases. The positive detection rate in the passengers who seated in first three rows before and after the index cases was 0.15% (95%CI: 0.08%-0.27%), significantly higher than in the passengers in other rows (0.04%, 95%CI: 0.02%-0.10%, P=0.007),and there was no significant difference in the positive detection rate among the passengers in each of the 3 rows before and after the index cases (P=0.577). No significant differences were found in the positive detection rate in the passengers, except the accompanying persons, among the epidemics caused by different 2019-nCoV variants (P=0.565). During the Omicron epidemic period, all the positive detections in the passengers, except the accompanying persons, were within 3 days before the onset of the index cases. Conclusions: The screening test of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid can be conducted in the passengers took the same flights within 4 days before the onsets of the index cases on board. Passengers who seated within 3 rows from the index cases can considered as the close contacts at high risk for 2019-nCoV, for whom screening should be conducted first and special managements are needed. The passengers in other rows can be classified as general risk persons for screening and management.
Humans ; COVID-19 ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; China ; Nucleic Acids

Objective:To explore the association between the frequency of using smoking cessation application (APP) and the effect of smoking cessation in smoking cessation clinic.Methods:A clinical trial with a non-randomized controlled design was conducted in the smoking cessation clinic of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from July 2019 to June 2021. Participants were given a comprehensive smoking cessation intervention of mobile APP combined with bupropion. The primary outcome measures were carbon monoxide validated sustained abstinence at 9-12 weeks.Results:A total of 187 participants were included in the final analysis. After 12-week intervention, the sustained abstinence at 9-12 weeks was 42.2%. For the frequency of APP use, 20.9% (39/187) of the participants used it≥6 days per week, 62.0% (116/187) used it 2-5 days per week, and 17.1% (32/187) used it≤1 day per week. Multivariate analysis showed that smoking cessation rate was associated with smoking duration, cigarettes smoked per day and frequency of APP use. Participants with higher frequency of APP use had a higher likelihood of quitting smoking ( OR=4.95, 95% CI: 1.32-18.63). Conclusion:The increased frequency of mobile smoking cessation APP use is associated with higher probability of quitting smoking in smoking cessation clinic.

Objective:To describe the study methods and baseline characteristics of participants enrolled in mCessation program.Methods:This is a longitudinal, real-world study with non-randomized controlled design. The mCessation program consisted of a WeChat official account, an applet and a website using the same name ‘mCessation Online’. After users followed the WeChat account, filled in baseline information online and set a quit date, they would receive 162 short text messages in the next six and a half months as scheduled. This study collected the information of participants enrolled from May 26, 2021 to September 30, 2022, and analyzed baseline data including demographic characteristics, smoking characteristics, degree of tobacco dependence, reasons for smoking cessation and other related factors.Results:During the study period, a total of 16 746 participants registered, and 13 887 participants (82.9%) were enrolled in final analysis after screening the inclusion and exclusion criteria and completion of main indicators. Each year the number of enrolled participants in May or June was 1 381 to 2 707 per month, higher than the number of enrolled participants in other months (233 to 569 per month). Participants from North China accounted for the largest proportion (29.3%). There were 13 316 men (95.9%) in enrolled participants and the mean age was (36±10) years. Most participants were 25-34 (38.8%) or 35-44 (30.8%) years old. In terms of smoking characteristics, there were 12 564 (90.5%) daily smokers. The starting age of smoking was 18 (15, 20) years old. 11 866 participants (85.4%) were tobacco dependent, mostly with degree of mild (76.4%) or moderate (20.2%). In terms of reasons for quitting, 9 315 participants′ (67.1%) reasons were to prevent disease, 6 742 participants (48.5%) were concerned about impact of smoking on family members, and 6 731 participants (48.5%) were under requested by families.Conclusion:mCessation program can effectively recruit smokers with intention to quit in short time, especially those who were male, young and tobacco dependent.

Objective:To analyze the metabolic mechanism of papillary thyroid cancer(PTC) in normal and Hashimoto′s thyroiditis(HT) background, and to explore the relationship between HT and PTC.Methods:This study included a matched sample set collected from Tianjin Medical University General Hospital between January 2018 and January 2019, consisting of PTC and paracancular tissue from 31 cases with coexisting HT(HT group), and 30 cases without(NC group), all confirmed pathologically following thyroidectomy. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography combined with mixed four-stage poles time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was employed to acquire data from the samples. Metabolite differences between the two groups were compared, aiming to identify distinct metabolic mechanisms of PTC under different backgrounds. Metabolic pathway analysis was conducted using Metabo-Analyst 5.0 to explore relevant metabolic pathways.Results:The HT group and NC group shared 7 common differentially expressed metabolites, including arginine, glutamic acid, cysteine, citric acid, malic acid, uracil, and taurine. Logistic regression model combined with receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis of these 7 biomarkers yielded excellent discriminatory capacity for PTC(area under ROC curve of HT group and NC group were 0.867 and 0.973, respectively). The common metabolic pathways were taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, alanine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and glutamine and glutamic acid metabolism. The specific metabolic pathways in HT group were aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism.Conclusion:The metabolic profiles of thyroid cancer exhibit significant differences between cases with normal backgrounds and those with HT. The specific pathways for PTC and HT are aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis and the metabolism of glycine, serine, and threonine.

Objective To assess the psychological status of staff at the centers for disease control and prevention(CDC) in Sichuan during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) and explore the influencing factors. Methods The staff at Sichuan provincial,municipal,and county(district)-level CDC were selected by convenience sampling.Their basic information,work status,training status,work difficulties,and support from the work group were collected from the self-filled questionnaires online.The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and the 9-question Patient Health Questionnaire were respectively employed to measure the anxiety and depression of the staff.The stepwise Logistic regression was carried out to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety and depression in CDC staff. Results Among the 653 staff,58.35% and 50.06% presented anxiety and depression,respectively.The regression results showed that age(OR=0.95,95%CI=0.92-0.97) and mental support from the work group(OR=0.61,95%CI=0.45-0.82) were the protective factors while physical fatigue(OR=1.82,95%CI=1.20-2.74),work pressure(OR=1.61,95%CI=1.21-2.12),and insufficient protective equipment(OR=1.92,95%CI=1.06-3.49) were the risk factors for depression of CDC staff.Age(OR=0.97,95%CI=0.94-0.99),length of sleep per day(OR=0.74,95%CI=0.56-0.96),and participation in technical training(OR=0.33,95%CI=0.12-0.95) were the protective factors while mental fatigue(OR=1.68,95%CI=1.18-2.41),work pressure(OR=2.94,95%CI=2.08-4.17),and unclear incentive system for overtime(OR=1.99,95%CI=1.23-3.23) were the risk factors for the anxiety of CDC staff. Conclusion The anxiety and depression status of CDC staff during the COVID-19 outbreak were worrying,which were mainly affected by age,sleep,supply of protective equipment,incentive system,fatigue,and work pressure.
Anxiety/epidemiology* ; COVID-19 ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. ; China/epidemiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States

OBJECTIVES: To explore the optimal maintenance dose of caffeine citrate for preterm infants requiring assisted ventilation and caffeine citrate treatment. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 566 preterm infants (gestational age ≤34 weeks) who were treated and required assisted ventilation and caffeine citrate treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit of 30 tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province of China between January 1 and December 31, 2019. The 405 preterm infants receiving high-dose (10 mg/kg per day) caffeine citrate after a loading dose of 20 mg/kg within 24 hours after birth were enrolled as the high-dose group. The 161 preterm infants receiving low-dose (5 mg/kg per day) caffeine citrate were enrolled as the low-dose group. RESULTS: Compared with the low-dose group, the high-dose group had significant reductions in the need for high-concentration oxygen during assisted ventilation (P=0.044), the duration of oxygen inhalation after weaning from noninvasive ventilation (P<0.01), total oxygen inhalation time during hospitalization (P<0.01), the proportion of preterm infants requiring noninvasive ventilation again (P<0.01), the rate of use of pulmonary surfactant and budesonide (P<0.05), and the incidence rates of apnea and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P<0.01), but the high-dose group had a significantly increased incidence rate of feeding intolerance (P=0.032). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the body weight change, the incidence rates of retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular hemorrhage or necrotizing enterocolitis, the mortality rate, and the duration of caffeine use (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS This pilot multicenter study shows that the high maintenance dose (10 mg/kg per day) is generally beneficial to preterm infants in China and does not increase the incidence rate of common adverse reactions. For the risk of feeding intolerance, further research is needed to eliminate the interference of confounding factors as far as possible.
Caffeine/therapeutic use* ; Citrates ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies

Objectives: To summarize the clinical phenotypes and the variation spectrum of ATP7B gene in Chinese children with Wilson's disease (WD) and to investigate their significance for early diagnosis. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 316 children diagnosed as WD in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center during the period from January 2010 to June 2021. The general situations, clinical manifestations, lab test results, imaging examinations, and ATP7B gene variant characteristics were collected. The patients were divided into asymptomatic WD group and symptomatic WD group based on the presence or absence of clinical symptoms at the time that WD diagnosis was made. The χ² test, t test or Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the differences between groups. Results: Among the 316 children with WD, 199 were males and 117 were females, with the age of 5.4 (4.0, 7.6) years at diagnosis; 261 cases (82.6%) were asymptomatic with the age of 4.9 (3.9, 6.4) years; whereas 55 cases (17.4%) were symptomatic with the age of 9.6 (7.3, 12.0) years. The main symptoms invloved liver, kidney, nervous system, or skin damage. Of all the patients, 95.9% (303/316) had abnormal liver function at diagnosis; 98.1% (310/316) had the serum ceruloplasmin lever lower than 200 mg/L; 97.7% (302/309) had 24-hour urine copper content exceeding 40 μg; only 7.4% (23/310) had positive corneal K-F rings, 8.2% (23/281) had abnormal MRI signals in the lenticular nucleus, and all of them had symptoms of damage in liver, kidney or nervous system. Compared with the group of symptomatic WD, asymptomatic group had higher levels of serum alanine aminotransferase and lower levels ceruloplasmin and 24-hour urine copper [(208±137) vs. (72±78) U/L, (55±47) vs. (69±48) mg/L, 103 (72, 153) vs. 492 (230, 1 432) μg; t=9.98, -1.98, Z=-4.89, all P<0.001]. Among the 314 patients completing genetic sequencing, a total of 107 mutations in ATP7B gene were detected, of which 10 are novel variants, and 3 cases (1.0%) had large heterozygous deletion (exons 10 to exon 11) in ATP7B gene. The percentage of missense mutation in asymptomatic WD children was significantly higher than that in symptomatic WD (81.5% (422/518) vs. 69.1% (76/110), χ²=8.47, P<0.05). WD patients carrying homozygous variant of c.2 333G>T had significantly low levels of ceruloplasmin than those not carrying this variant ((23±5) vs. (61±48) mg/L, t=-2.34, P<0.001). Conclusions: The elevation of serum ALT is an important clue for early diagnosis of WD in children, while serum ceruloplasmin and 24-hour urine copper content are specific markers for early diagnosis of WD. In order to confirm the diagnosis of WD, it is necessary to combine the Sanger sequencing with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification or other testing technologies.
Ceruloplasmin/metabolism* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Copper/metabolism* ; Copper-Transporting ATPases/genetics* ; Female ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration/genetics* ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Retrospective Studies

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the potential molecular mechanism of Gegen Qinliantang （GQL） in the intervention of atherosclerosis （AS） based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. MethodThe active components and targets of each medicinal in GQL were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）， and AS-related genes from 7 databases. Thereby， the anti-AS targets of GQL were screened out. Cytoscape 3.8.0 was employed to construct the "component-target" network， and STRING the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network. Core targets were screened out with CytoNCA. R clusterProfiler was used for Gene Ontology （GO） term enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment of target genes， which were then visualized. Finally， molecular docking of the top ten active components with the core targets of AS was performed and the binding affinity was compared with that between atorvastatin and the core targets. ResultIn the end， 150 active components of GQL， 20 289 AS targets， and 213 common targets were retrieved， and 48 core common targets were screened out. They were mainly involved in the GO terms of nuclear receptor activity， ligand activation， and transcription factor activity and the pathways of fluid shear force and AS， advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products （AGE/RAGE）， interleukin-17 （IL-17）， tumor necrosis factor （TNF）， Toll-like receptor pathways and other signaling pathways closely related to AS. The molecular docking results showed that the effective components of GQL had high binding affinity to core targets of AS， and the binding affinity was even higher than that between the atorvastatin and core targets. The five groups with high binding affinity were puerarin-TNF， baicalein-inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 （NOS2）， puerarin-NOS2， and formononetin-NOS2， wogonin-NOS2. ConclusionThe above result provides new ideas for further exploration of this classical decoction.