Objective:To understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of human infection with avian influenza A(H3N8) virus and the molecular biological characteristics of the pathogen, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza A(H3N8) virus.Methods:An epidemiological investigation was conducted for a case of human infection with avian influenza A(H3N8) virus in Changsha in May 2022 to collect the information about exposure history, route of infection, onset and treatment, potential contacts and other possible exposures for a descriptive analysis. Nucleic acid detection and gene sequencing were used to detect the pathogen and analyze the genetic characteristics.Results:The case had a history of exposure to live poultry trading market 6 days before the onset of illness. Subtypes H3 and N8 of avian influenza virus were detected in live poultry markets. Deep gene sequencing showed that the virus had adaptive mutations in mammals, reduced sensitivity to alkamine agent, and no resistance mutations related to neuraminidase inhibitors and polymerase inhibitors were detected.Conclusion:The case was infected due to exposure to the live poultry market environment contaminated by avian influenza A(H3N8) virus, and no human to human transmission was found.

AlM: To compare the duration of 0.25% ropivacaine used for sciatic nerve block between type 2 diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients, and to explore the factors affecting the duration of nerve block. METHODS: Sixty eight patients with unilateral lateral malleolus fracture who were to be treated with open reduction and internal fixation were selected from January 2021 to January 2022, aged 20-80 years old, ASA I-III, including 28 diabetic patients and 40 non-diabetic patients. All patients were given 0.25% ropivacaine 20 mL to the superior popliteal sciatic nerve under the guidance of ultrasound. The onset and duration of sensory block were evaluated by blunt needle stimulation. The onset and duration of motor block were evaluated by dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the operated foot. The interval between the end of the operation and the patientls first request for analgesia was taken as the duration of nerve block analgesia. RESULTS: Compared with non-diabetic patients, the duration of sciatic nerve sensation, motor block and analgesia in diabetic patients were prolonged (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the onset time of sciatic nerve sensation and motor block between the two groups (P > 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus, duration of diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin were factors affecting the duration of nerve block, and fasting blood glucose was not related to the duration of analgesia. CONCLUSlON: 0.25% ropivacaine can prolong the duration of sciatic nerve block in diabetic patients. The duration of diabetes, diabetes, fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin are positively correlated with the duration of block.

Objective To investigate the effect of transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) with or without intravesical instillation therapy on cancer-specific-survival rate (CSS) of T1 stage non-muscle-invasive bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) patients. Methods The data of patients diagnosed with T1 stage non-muscle-invasive BTCC from 2010 to 2015 were obtained from the SEER database. The different dividing groups were based on TURBT with or without intravesical instillation therapy. A 1:1 PSM method was used to balance the differences in baseline data between each group. Herein, Kaplan-Meier methods were used to draw survival curves, and the difference between OS and CSS were compared by Log rank test. In addition, univariate and multivariate Cox regressionanalyses were used to explore the independent risk factors of CSS. Results The OS and CSS of patients in the TURBT combined with intravesical instillation therapy group were higher than those of the TURBT alone group (P < 0.05). TURBT combined with intravesical instillation therapy was a protective factor in prognosis with T1 stage non-muscle-invasive BTCC patients (HR=0.783, 95%CI: 0.650-0.942, P < 0.01). Conclusion TURBT combined with intravesical instillation therapy improves the CSS of patients with T1 stage non-muscle-invasive BTCC.

Objective To study the effect of preemptive analgesia with tramadol on ovarian cancer patients with stress reaction.Methods 80 cases with ovarian cancer undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were divided into the observation group and the control group according to the computer randomly generated control table,40 cases in each group.Patients in the observation group with PECA were pumped into tramadol after anesthesia induction,while the control group was in the same conditions of pumping tramadol after operation.Patients were all treated with intravenous patient -controlled analgesia with sufentanil after waking up.The blood concentrations of cortisol (COR),adrenal cortical hormone (ACTH),angiotensin Ⅱ (AT Ⅱ)were determined by radioimmunoassay, and the blood concentrations C reactive protein (CRP)was determined by immune turbidity method.The adverse reactions and the VAS score of patients after 2h,6h,12h,24h,48h were recorded.Results The COR,ACTH,AT Ⅱ, CRP concentrations of the two groups had no significant differences (all P >0.05)before operation.After each time point,COR[(208.5 ±31.6)ng/mL vs (446.3 ±19.8)ng/mL],ACTH[(35.7 ±8.2)pg/mL vs (63.5 ±9.1)pg/mL],AT Ⅱ[(46.8 ±10.9)pg/mL vs (75.9 ±12.5)pg/mL],CRP[(3.9 ±0.7)mg/mL vs (40.5 ±2.9)mg/mL] concentrations were significantly higher than those of pre -operation (all P <0.05 );The concentration of COR [(446.3 ±19.8)ng/mL vs (570.8 ±67.2)ng/mL],ACTH (63.5 ±9.1)pg/mL vs (85.2 ±12.5)pg/mL),AT Ⅱ[(75.9 ±12.5)pg/mL vs (108.5 ±18.1)pg/mL]and CRP[(40.5 ±2.9)mg/mL vs (51.8 ±8.5)mg/mL]in the observation group was significantly lower than those in the control group (all P <0.05);After operation,the VAS scores of rest (2.4 ±0.7)and cough (3.4 ±1.0)in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group in 2h (t =5.812,P =0.017;t =14.606,P =0.044);At rest,the other time point of the two groups of VAS scores had no significant difference (P >0.05);At the time of coughing,the two groups were significantly differ-ent only at the 6h[(2.5 ±0.6)vs (3.1 ±0.8)]and 12h[(2.1 ±0.6)vs (2.9 ±0.4)]time point (t =13.406, P =0.012;t =12.625,P =0.025).Conclusion Preemptive analgesia with tramadol and sufentanil for postoperative analgesia can effectively reduce the radical resection of postoperative pain and the stress reaction after surgery.It is a safe and effective analgesic method.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of glucocorticoid resistance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and the effects of Panax Notoginseng Saponins(PNS) on reversing glucocorticoid resistance in lymphocytes. Methods The relevance between P-glycoprotein (P-gp, %) and SLEDAI integrals or clinical effects was analyzed by linear correlation analysis. The lymphocytes from SLE patients were intervened with PNS or verapamil. P-gp of the lymphocytes and Rhodamine 123 (Rh123, %) accumulated in the lymphocytes were assayed by flow cytometry. The percentage of the apoptosis of the lymphocytes stimulated with PNS or verapamil combined with methylprednisolone was identified by double-tagging with Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) and detected by flow cytometry. Variance analysis or Student's t test was used for statistics. Results The P-gp in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of SLE patients was significantly related to SLEDAI integrals. The difference of P-gp between lymphocytes in the completely remission cases (12.2±2.5)% and lymphocytes in the partial remission or non-effective cases (16.5±4.0)% was statistically significantce. The difference of P-gp and Rh123 between lymphocytes treated with PNS [(11.2±3.1)%,(70.1 ±5.8)% respectively ] and lymphocytes of the control group [ (15.3±2.9)%, (53.9±5.2)% respectively ]was statistically significant. The lymphocytes apoptosis rate in the lymphocytes stimulated with methylprednisone combined with PNS increased significantly compared to the lymphocytes stimulated with methylprednisolone only. Conclusion The action of PNS in suppressing both the expression and the transfer activity of P-gp is possibly the important mechanism to increase the effects of methylprednisolone in inducing lymphocytes apoptosis.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). Methods Thirty-two female SD rats after matching body weight were divided randomly into three groups: baseline group (n = 10), control group (n = 11) and GC-treated group (n = 11). The administration time was 9 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. A high resolution micro-CT was used to quantify the densitometric and microarchitectural properties of trabeculae in the proximal metaphysis of right tibia. In situ hybridization histochemistry and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CBI R) in the proximal metaphysis of left tibia. Results At the end of the experiment, whole-body BMD in vivo in the control group [(0. 156±0. 008) g/cm2]was higher than that in the baseline group [(0.147±0.006)g/cm2], while the whole-body BMD in vivo [(0.147±0.006) g/cm2]and total BMD in vitro at femurs in the GC-treated group [(0.220±0.011) g/cm2]was lower than those in the control group [(0. 240±0. 024)g/cm2]. Compared with the baseline group and control group, there was a remarkable decrease in the volumetric BMD, tissue BMD, trabecular number and trabecular connectivity (P<0.05) in the GC-treated group, while there was a significant increase in trabecular separation (P < 0. 05) and trabecular thickness also increased in the proximal metaphysis of tibiae in the GC-treated group. The expression level of CB1R mRNA and protein in osteoclasts in the GC-treated group was markedly higher than that in the baseline group and control group (P < 0. 05). There was a close correlation between the expression level of CB1R mRNA, protein in osteoclasts and some microarchitectural parameters in the proximal metaphysis in the GC-treated group (P<0.05). Conclusions The administration of GC is associated with a decrease in BMD and deterioration in microarchitecture of trabecular bone in rats tibiae. Glucocorticoid may up-regulate the CB1R expression level in osteoclasts and this may be a kind of molecular mechanism of GIOP.

Having manufactured the bone fatigue damage testing device SL-2000, we applied it to research on bone fatigue damage and on the bone microdamage which can indicate bone biomechanical property. According to the general principle of industry fatigue machine and bone fatigue test, the strength, frequency and times of loading, temperature and degree of wetness were controlled in the SL-2000 Device for making the experiment condition stable. After the fatigue damage to SD rats' vertebrae, the models of bone microdamage in SD rat were established. 0-200 N of strength, 0-10 Hz frequency, and 0-999999 times of loading, ambient temperature 50 degrees C experiment, and approximately 99% of the ambient degree of wetness could be adjusted continuously. Three kinds of microdamage such as microcrack, cross-hatch staining, and diffuse staining were observed in the SD rats' vertebrae fatigue damaged by the device. The microcrack density was 19.76+/-15.05 #/mm2, the microcrack length was 36. 74+/-11. 51 microm, and the area ratio of diffuse staining was 0.4117%. Therefore the device is suitable for bone fatigue damage test and for establishment of the model of bone microdamage.
Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Compressive Strength ; Equipment Design ; Fractures, Stress ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Fractures ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Spine ; pathology ; Weight-Bearing

Objective To explore the mechanism of the inflammatory factors to increase the reanl inferstitial fibrosis by stndying on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induced by IL-1?.Methods Mice primary tubular epithelial cells were Cultured in vitro,then stimulated by IL-1? for 3,4,5 days respectively,from which the protein was extracted and the protein expression of ?-SMA and Vimentin was detected with western bloHing;while the cells were stimnlated by IL-1? for 12hs,36hs and 60hs respectively,from which then total RNA was extracted and the mRNA expression of ?-SMA and Vimentin was detected by ranscription-polymerase chain reaction analyses(RT-PCR).those without IL-1?stimulating were regarded as control group.Results The protein levels of ?-SMA,Vimentin in tubular epithelial cells stimulated with IL-1?for 3 days or 4 days were significantly higher than that in normal group cells.Those stimulated for 5 days,the protein levels of ?-SMA,Vimentin in tubular epithelial cells increased very high.The mRNA expression of ?-SMA and Vimentin increased significantly in 12hs in tubular epithelial cells after IL-1?stimulating as compared with normal group cells and presented time-depend.Conclusions IL-1? plays the role of promoting renal interstitial fibrosis by inducing the transdifferentiation of renal tubular epithelial cells and reducing the proliferation cells probably.

Objective To investigate renal interstitial fibrosis and the expression of inflammatory factor in mice kedney with the Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction(UUO).Methods Mice were randomly assigned to shame operation group (shame proup ), UUO group. The protein expression of?-SMA and Vimentin were assessed by immunohistochemistry and the protein expression of ICAM-1 were assessed by Western-blotting; MCP-1 mRNA were detected by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses(RT-PCR). Results In comparison with the shame group, the mRNA expression, protein levels of ?-SMA, Vimentin of UUO mice groups increased significantly. At the same timre, the protein expression ICAM-1 and the mRNA expression MCP-1 in UUO mice significantly higher than normal group.Conclusions Unilateral ureteral obstruction could induce the transdifferentiation of renal interstitial cells. It may partially related to the high expression of ICAM-1and MCP-1.