Objective: To analyze the association between body mass index (BMI) and coronary heart disease. Methods: The data for the present study were from the prospective cohort study of China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) in Qingdao, a total of 33 355 participants aged 30-79 years were included in the study. Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between BMI and coronary heart disease. Results: During the follow-up for an average 9.2 years, a total of 2 712 cases of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and 420 cases of major coronary events (MCE) were found. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that, compared with participants with normal BMI, the participants who were overweight had a 41% and 87% higher risk of IHD and MCE, the adjusted HR were 1.41 (95%CI: 1.27-1.56) and 1.87 (95%CI: 1.43-2.44), respectively. The participants who were obesity had 91% and 143% higher risk of IHD and MCE, the adjusted HR were 1.91 (95%CI: 1.72-2.13) and 2.43 (95%CI: 1.82-3.24), respectively. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity might increase the risk for IHD and MCE.
Body Mass Index ; Coronary Disease/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia/epidemiology* ; Obesity/epidemiology* ; Overweight/epidemiology* ; Prospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influencing factors of low back pain and the relationship of the influence of bad working posture, weight load and frequency of load and the dose-response relationship among the occupational workers of key industries in China. METHODS: A total of 57 501 employees from 15 key industries in China were selected as research subjects using stratified cluster sampling method. The occurrence of low back pain in the past one year, as well as occupational factors such as job type, labor organization and work posture were investigated by using the Chinese version Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of low back pain in the occupational population of key industries in China was 16.4%(9 448/57 501). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of low back pain in females was higher than that in males(P<0.01). Married, obese, occasional and frequent smokers, and a history of lower back disease were associated with increased risk of low back pain(all P<0.05). The risk of low back pain was associated with older age, higher education level, and lower frequency of physical exercise(all P<0.01). The risk of low back pain was higher with longer working time, greater back curvature, and the high frequency of long standing and sitting position work, uncomfortable working posture, repeated operation per minute, and lifting>5 kg weight(all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The influencing factors of low back pain in the occupational population of key industries in China include bad working posture, high frequency load, weight load and other individual factors. There is a dose-response relationship with low back posture load and frequency of load.

In the guidance of
Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Meridians ; Moxibustion ; Spasm

Background: Prospective real-life data on the safety and effectiveness of rituximab in Chinese patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) or follicular lymphoma (FL) are limited. This real-world study aimed to evaluate long-term safety and effectiveness outcomes of rituximab plus chemotherapy (R-chemo) as first-line treatment in Chinese patients with DLBCL or FL. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation management was also investigated. Methods: A prospective, multicenter, single-arm, noninterventional study of previously untreated CD20-positive DLBCL or FL patients receiving first-line R-chemo treatment at 24 centers in China was conducted between January 17, 2011 and October 31, 2016. Enrolled patients underwent safety and effectiveness assessments after the last rituximab dose and were followed up for 3 years. Effectiveness endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Safety endpoints were adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, drug-related AEs, and AEs of special interest. We also reported data on the incidence of HBV reactivation. Results: In total, 283 previously untreated CD20-positive DLBCL and 31 FL patients from 24 centers were enrolled. Three-year PFS was 59% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 50-67%) for DLBCL patients and 46% (95% CI: 20-69%) for FL patients. For DLBCL patients, multivariate analyses showed that PFS was not associated with international prognostic index, tumor maximum diameter, HBV infection status, or number of rituximab treatment cycles, and OS was only associated with age >60 years (P < 0.05). R-chemo was well tolerated. The incidence of HBV reactivation in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive and HBsAg-negative/hepatitis B core antibody-positive patients was 13% (3/24) and 4% (3/69), respectively. Conclusions: R-chemo is effective and safe in real-world clinical practice as first-line treatment for DLBCL and FL in China, and that HBV reactivation during R-chemo is manageable with preventive measures and treatment. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01340443; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01340443.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; China ; Cyclophosphamide ; administration & dosage ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; drug therapy ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Rituximab ; therapeutic use ; Vincristine ; administration & dosage

AIM To observe the effects of Tangzhi Kangping Granules (Astragali Radix,Ligustri lucidi Fructus,Schisandrae chinensis Fructus,etc.) on regulating blood sugar and lipid of rats with glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.METHODS Among the seventy rats for the trial,ten rats were randomly assigned to normal control group,the other 60 rats were injected with STZ citric acid-sodium citrate solution (60 mg/kg) combined with high-fat emulsion (10 mL/kg) for 4 weeks to be the models of glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.The model rats were divided into model control group,mefformin + fenofibrate group,Xiaoke Pills + Xuezhikang group,and high,medium and low dose Tangzhi Kangping Granules groups.After 4-week intragastric administration,the rats had their levels of fasting serum glucose (GLU),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low density lipids (LDL-C),insulin (INS),adiponectin (ADP),leptin (Leptin),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) measured.RESULTS Compared with the model control group,the rats in high,medium and low dose Tangzhi Kangping Granules groups displayed significantly decreased serum contents of GLU,TG and TC,lowered levels of LDL-C,ADP,Leptin,IL-6,TNF-α,and yet significantly increased levels of HDL-C and INS.CONCLUSION Tangzhi Kangping Granules,a blood sugar andlipid regulator may adjust the levels of insulin,adiponectin and leptin,and therefore improves the body's inflammatory environment to alleviate insulin resistance.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical efficacy of closed reduction and external fixation under local anesthesia for the treatment of high-risk elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture.

METHODSFrom March 2013 to March 2015, 10 patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated with closing reduction and external fixator under local anesthesia were analyszed, including 4 males and 6 females, aged from 69 to 88 years old with an average of 75.2 years old. All fractures were caused by injury and classified to type I (5 cases), II (3 cases), and V (2 cases) according to Evans classification. According to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), 6 cases were type III and 4 cases were type IV. Blood loss,operative time,hospital stays, postoperative complications, ambulation time and fracture healing time were observed, and Harris scoring were used to evaluate hip joint function.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 3 to 23 months with an average of 13.1 months. One patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease died for non-operation reason at 4 months after operation, the other fractures were healed at stage I, the mean fracture healing time was 5.6 months. There were no coxa vara, lower limb venous thrombosis, loosen and remove of needle passage. The average operative time was 46 min, blood loss was (35.00 ± 8.46) ml without blood transfusion. One patient was occurred pulmonary infection and stent-tract infection on the 2 nd and 3 rd day after operation, and improved with active anti-infection and dressing change; the other patients gone to ground activity at 4.2 d after operation. The patients stayed hospital for 10.6 d on average. According to Harris scoring at final following-up, the total score was 83.42 ± 3.27, 3 cases obtained excellent results, 5 cases good and 1 case poor.

CONCLUSIONClosed reduction and external fixation under local anesthesia in treating high-risk elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture,which has advantages of shorter operative time, less blood loss, good recovery of postoperative function, is a safe, stable and economic method.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anesthesia, Local ; Bone Nails ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fractures, Closed ; surgery ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

Antigens, Viral ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Phone ; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ; radiation effects ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; physiology ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the pathogenesis of tumors by blocking the normal differentiation process of stem cells.

METHODSBone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from rats were isolated, cultured and purified by whole bone marrow adherence method. The rat BMSCs were induced to differentiate into adipocytes with dexamethasone, insulin and indomethacin. Blockage of the differentiation process was induced by 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC).

RESULTSThe differentiation experiment showed that at 30 days after the induction, oil red O staining-positive cells occurred with increased intracytolasmic lipid droplets, characteristic for adipocytes. The differentiation blockage experiment showed that at 30 days after induction, the deposits of oil red O staining-cytoplasmic lipid droplets was significantly reduced, indicating that the blocked cells were adipocytes, but not fully differentiated. Morphological identification showed that cell contact inhibition disappeared, abnormal cell nuclei, increased number of micronucleus aberration and karyotype abnormalities, indicating that malignant transformation of the stem cells occurred after the differentiation blockage.

CONCLUSIONSThe results of this study show a blockage of the differentiation of that stem cells at the intermediate phase, and a tendency of malignant transformation of the stem cells. The results of our study provide new evidence that cancer stem cells may be originated by suppression of stem cell differentiation.

Adipocytes ; cytology ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Drug Combinations ; Female ; Indomethacin ; pharmacology ; Insulin ; pharmacology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Methylcholanthrene ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

BACKGROUNDThe prevalence of dermatophytoses and the development of new antifungal agents has focused interest on susceptibility tests of dermatophytes. The method used universally for susceptibility tests of dermatophytes was published as document (M38-A) in 2002 by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), dealing with the standardization of susceptibility tests in filamentous fungi, though not including dermatophytes especially. However, it is not a very practical method for the clinical laboratory in routine susceptibility testing. In this test, we developed a novel rapid susceptibility assay-glucose consumption method (GCM) for dermatophytes.

METHODSIn this study, we investigated the antifungal susceptibilities of dermatophytes to itraconazole (ITC), voriconazole (VOC), econazole nitrate (ECN) and terbinafine (TBF) by glucose consumption method (GCM), in comparison to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A method. Twenty-eight dermatophyte isolates, including Trichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum) (n = 14) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (T. mentagrophytes) (n = 14), were tested. In the GCM, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined spectrophotometrically at 490 nm after addition of enzyme substrate color mix. For the CLSI method, the MICs were determined visually.

RESULTSComparison revealed best agreement for TBF against T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum, since MIC range, MIC50, and MIC90 were identical from two methods. However, for ITC and VOC, GCM showed wider MIC ranges and higher MICs than CLSI methods in most isolates. For ECN against T. rubrum, high MICs were tested by GCM (0.125-16 microg/ml) but not M38-A method (0.5-1 microg/ml). The overall agreements for all isolates between the two methods within one dilution and two dilutions for ITC, VOC, ECN and TBF was 53.6% and 75.0%, 57.1% and 75.0%, 82.1% and 89.3%, and 85.7 and 85.7%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONMeasurement of glucose uptake can predict the susceptibility of T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes to ECN and TBF.

Antifungal Agents ; pharmacology ; Econazole ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Itraconazole ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Naphthalenes ; pharmacology ; Pyrimidines ; pharmacology ; Triazoles ; pharmacology ; Trichophyton ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Voriconazole