Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Semen, also known as Tinglizi, originates from Brassicaceae plants Descurainia sophia or Lepidium apetalum. The former is commonly referred to as "Southern Tinglizi(Descurainiae Semen)", while the latter is known as "Northern Tinglizi(Lepidii Semen)". To scientifically and accurately identify the origin of Tinglizi medicinal materials and traditional Chinese medicine products, this study developed a specific DNA mini-barcode based on chloroplast genome sequences. By combining the DNA mini-barcode with DNA metabarcoding technology, a method for the qualitative and quantitative identification of Tinglizi medicinal materials and Chinese patent medicines was established. In this study, chloroplast genomes of Southern Tinglizi and Northern Tinglizi and seven commonly encountered counterfeit products were downloaded from the GenBank database. Suitable polymorphic regions were identified to differentiate these species, enabling the development of the DNA mini-barcode. Using DNA metabarcoding technology, medicinal material mixtures of Southern and Northern Tinglizi, as well as the most common counterfeit product, Capsella bursa-pastoris seeds, were analyzed to validate the qualitative and quantitative capabilities of the mini-barcode and determine its minimum detection limit. Additionally, the mini-barcode was applied to Chinese patent medicines containing Tinglizi to authenticate their botanical origin. The results showed that the developed mini-barcode(psbB) exhibited high accuracy and specificity, effectively distinguishing between the two authentic origins of Tinglizi and commonly encountered counterfeit products. The analysis of mixtures demonstrated that the mini-barcode had excellent qualitative and quantitative capabilities, accurately identifying the composition of Chinese medicinal materials in mixed samples with varying proportions. Furthermore, the analysis of Chinese patent medicines revealed the presence of the adulterant species(Capsella bursa-pastoris) in addition to the authentic species(Southern and Northern Tinglizi), indicating the occurrence of adulteration in commercially available Tinglizi-containing products. This study developed a method for the qualitative and quantitative identification of multi-origin Chinese medicinal materials and related products, providing a model for research on other multi-origin Chinese medicinal materials.
DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Drug Contamination ; Genome, Chloroplast ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mid-term efficacy of talonavicular joint fusion alone combined with navicular stress adjustment in Müller-Weiss disease with significant paradoxical flatfoot deformity. METHODS: Between January 2016 and March 2021, a total of 13 patients diagnosed with Müller-Weiss disease underwent simple talonavicular joint fusion combined with navicular stress adjustmentadjustment.Among them, 5 patients were male and 8 patients were female;age ranged from 42 to 67 years old. The duration of the disease ranged from 8 to 20 years. According to Maceira staging system, 5 patients were in stage III and 8 patients were in stage IV. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score, visual analogue scale (VAS), and foot length were evaluated preoperatively and 10 months postoperatively. Additionally, the talonavicular coverage angle, the talus-first metatarsal angle, and the calcaneal inclination angle were assessed preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: All 13 patients were followed up a period ranging from 24 to 40 months. All patients achieved clinical healing within a period of 3 to 6 months. However, one patient experienced a screw fracture. The VAS decreased from a range of 3 to 7 points preoperatively to a range of 0 to 2 points at the 10 months postoperative. The AOFAS midfoot score improved from a preoperative range of 12 to 66 points to a range of 72 to 100 points at the 10 months postoperative. Based on the AOFAS midfoot score evaluated at 10 months postoperatively, the outcomes were rated as excellent in 3 feet, good in 6 feet, and fair in 4 feet. The talo-navicular coverage angle, the preoperative talus-first metatarsal angle, calcaneal inclination angle were 14.3° to 33.4°, -4.6° to -19.6°, and 3.0°to 16.4° respectively. Six months postoperatively, these angles improved to 2.7°to 9.6°, -8.4°to 1.1°, and 18.8°to 24.9°respectively. Additionally, the foot length increased by 0 to 6 mm at 10 months post-surgery. CONCLUSION Simple talonavicular arthrodesis combined with scaphoid stress adjustment has satisfactory clinical efficacy in Müller-Weiss disease in terms of deformity, foot length, foot function and pain.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Arthrodesis/methods* ; Aged ; Flatfoot/physiopathology* ; Tarsal Bones/physiopathology* ; Tarsal Joints/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVES: To explore the mediating role of sleep duration in the relationship between depression symptoms and myopia among middle school students. METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional research conducted using a stratified cluster random sampling method. A total of 1 728 middle school students were selected from two junior high schools and two senior high schools in certain urban areas and farms of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. Questionnaire surveys and vision tests were conducted among the students. Spearman analysis was used to analyze the correlation between depression symptoms, sleep duration, and myopia. The Bootstrap method was employed to investigate the mediating effect of sleep duration between depression symptoms and myopia. RESULTS: The prevalence of myopia in the overall population was 74.02% (1 279/1 728), with an average sleep duration of (7.6±1.0) hours. The rate of insufficient sleep was 83.62% (1 445/1 728), and the proportion of students exhibiting depression symptoms was 25.29% (437/1 728). Correlation analysis showed significant negative correlations between visual acuity in both eyes and sleep duration with depressive emotions as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (with correlation coefficients of -0.064, -0.084, and -0.199 respectively; P<0.01), as well as with somatic symptoms and activities (with correlation coefficients of -0.104, -0.124, and -0.233 respectively; P<0.01) and interpersonal relationships (with correlation coefficients of -0.052, -0.059, and -0.071 respectively; P<0.05). The correlation coefficients for left and right eye visual acuity and sleep duration were 0.206 and 0.211 respectively (P<0.001). Sleep duration exhibited a mediating effect between depression symptoms and myopia (indirect effect=0.056, 95%CI: 0.029-0.088), with the mediating effect value for females (indirect effect=0.066, 95%CI: 0.024-0.119) being higher than that for males (indirect effect=0.042, 95%CI: 0.011-0.081). CONCLUSIONS Sleep duration serves as a partial mediator between depression symptoms and myopia in middle school students.
Humans ; Myopia/etiology* ; Male ; Female ; Depression/physiopathology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Sleep ; Adolescent ; Students ; Child ; Time Factors ; Sleep Duration

This article reports a child with cardioaciocutaneous syndrome (CFCS) caused by a rare microdeletion of chromosome 19p13.3, and a literature review is conducted. The child had unusual facies, short stature, delayed mental and motor development, macrocephaly, and cardiac abnormalities. Whole-exome sequencing identified a 1 040 kb heterozygous deletion in the 19p13.3 region of the child, which was rated as a "pathogenic variant". This is the first case of CFCS caused by a loss-of-function mutation reported in China, which enriches the genotype characteristics of CFCS. It is imperative to enhance the understanding of CFCS in children. Early identification based on its clinical manifestations should be pursued, and genetic testing should be performed to facilitate diagnosis.
Humans ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19/genetics* ; Ectodermal Dysplasia/genetics* ; Facies ; Failure to Thrive/genetics* ; Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics*

Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) plays an essential role in regulating the necroptosis and apoptosis in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the regulation of RIPK1 kinase activity after cerebral I/R injury remains largely unknown. In this study, we found the downregulation of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) was induced by cerebral I/R injury, which negatively correlated with the activation of RIPK1. Mechanistically, we proved that PRMT1 directly interacted with RIPK1 and catalyzed its asymmetric dimethylarginine, which then blocked RIPK1 homodimerization and suppressed its kinase activity. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of PRMT1 aggravated I/R injury by promoting RIPK1-mediated necroptosis and apoptosis, while PRMT1 overexpression protected against I/R injury by suppressing RIPK1 activation. Our findings revealed the molecular regulation of RIPK1 activation and demonstrated PRMT1 would be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma on the urinary metabolites of gerbils with stroke by non-targeted metabolomics technique， and then to clarify the mechanism of the two， as well as their similarities and differences. MethodTwenty-four gerbils were randomly divided into control group（CG）， model group（MG）， Aconiti Coreani Radix group（RA） and Typhonii Rhizoma group（RT）. Except for the CG， ischemic stroke model was constructed using right unilateral ligation of gerbil carotid artery in the remaining groups. Except for the CG and MG， rats in the other groups received whole powder suspension（0.586 mg·g^-1） was administered for 14 days. The neurological deficit in each group was scored by Longa scoring on days 0， 3， 7 and 14. After the end of administration， the serum， brain tissue and urine of gerbils in each group were collected， and the rate of cerebral infarction was detected by 2，3，5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride（TTC）， and the levels of interleukin（IL）-6， tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α， malondialdehyde（MDA）， superoxide dismutase（SOD）， glutathione（GSH）， and nitric oxide（NO） in serum and brain tissue were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The urine metabolomics of gerbils in each group was studied by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS）， and the data were processed by multivariate statistical analysis， and differential metabolites were screened based on value of variable importance in the projection（VIP） of the first principal component>1 and t-test P<0.05. Metabolic pathway analysis of the screened differential metabolites was performed using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） database and Metaboanalyst 5.0. ResultCompared with the CG， the neurological deficit score was significantly increased in the MG（P<0.05）， compared with the MG， the neurological deficit scores in the RA and RT were significantly reduced after 7 d and 14 d（P<0.05）. Compared with the CG， the rate of cerebral infarction was significantly increased in the MG（P<0.05）， compared with the MG， the rates of cerebral infarction in the RA and RT were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. Compared with the CG， the levels of IL-6， TNF-α， and MDA in the serum and brain tissue of gerbils from the MG were significantly increased（P<0.05）， and the levels of SOD， GSH and NO were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. Compared with the MG， Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma could down-regulate the levels of IL-6， TNF-α and MDA， and up-regulated the levels of SOD， GSH and NO. A total of 112 endogenous differential metabolites were screened by urine metabolomics， of which 16 and 26 metabolites were called back by Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma， and could be used as potential biomarkers for both treatments in stroke gerbils， respectively. The results of the pathway analysis showed that both Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma had regulatory effects on arginine and proline metabolism， pyrimidine metabolism， and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. In addition， Aconiti Coreani Radix could also regulate riboflavin metabolism， Typhonii Rhizoma could also regulate purine metabolism， glycine， serine and threonine metabolism， arachidonic acid metabolism， biosynthesis of pantothenate and coenzyme A， and β-alanine metabolism. ConclusionBoth Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma have better therapeutic effects on stroke， with Aconiti Coreani Radix having stronger effects. From the metabolomics results， the main metabolic pathways regulated by Aconiti Coreani Radix involve amino acid metabolism， oxidative stress and so on， while Typhonii Rhizoma mainly involve amino acid metabolism， lipid metabolism， energy metabolism， etc.

Objective To investigate the effect of catalpol(CAT)on necrotic apoptosis in acute myocardial infarction(AMI)rats.Methods Rat AMI model was constructed by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery.Sixty SPF grade SD male rats were randomly grouped into sham surgery group(Sham group),AMI model group(Model group),low-dose CAT group(CAT-L group,30 mg·kg-1 CAT),high-dose CAT group(CAT-H group,60 mg·kg-1 CAT),and high-dose CAT+RIP1 activator recombinant RIP1 group(CAT-H+rRIP1 group,60 mg·kg-1 CAT+8 μg·kg-1 rRIP1),12 in each group.CAT was administered by gavage once a day for a total of 4 weeks.Recombinant RIP1 was administered via tail vein injection and the next day for a total of 4 weeks.Sham group and Model group were given equal amounts of physiological saline by gavage and tail vein injection,respectively.The CAT-L group and CAT-H group were injected with physiological saline via the tail vein the next day while receiving gastric lavage.TUNEL staining was applied to observe the apoptosis of rat cardiomyocytes.Western Blot was applied to detect the expression of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL signaling pathway related proteins in rat myocardial tissue.Results The apoptosis rates of myocardial cells in the sham group,model group,CAT-L group,CAT-H group,and CAT-H+rRIP1 group were(4.23±0.63)％,(33.48±3.94)％,(13.50±1.86)％,and(29.62±3.08)％,respectively;the expression levels of RIP1 protein in myocardial tissue were 0.21±0.02,0.86±0.09,0.43±0.04,and 0.72±0.07,respectively;the expression levels of RIP3 protein were 0.30±0.03,0.94±0.09,0.49±0.05,and 0.83±0.08,respectively;the phosphorylation levels of MLKL protein were 0.35±0.04,1.13±0.11,0.64±0.06,and 0.97±0.10,respectively.The above indexes in Model group were compared with those in Sham group,and those in CAT-H group were compared with those in Model group and CAT-H+rRIP1 group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion CAT may inhibit necrotic apoptosis of myocardial cells in AMI rats by down-regulating the RIP1/RIP3/MLKL signaling pathway.

Objective To build the early predictive model for chronic kidney disease(CKD)in hypertension and diabetes patients in the community.Methods The CKD patients were recruited from 4 health care centers in 4 urban areas in Kunming.The control group was residents without hypertension and diabetes(n = 1267).The disease group was residents with hypertension and/or diabetes(n = 566).The questionnaire survey,physical examination,laboratory testing,and 5 SNPs gene types in the PVT1 gene.The risk factors,which were filtered with logistics regression,were used to build predictive models.Four machine learning algorithms were built:support vector machine(SVM),random forest(RF),Na?ve Bayes(NB),and artificial neural network(ANN)models.Results Thirteen indicators included in the final diagnostic model:age,disease type,ethnicity,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,eGFR from MDRD,ACR,eGFR from EPI2009,PAM13 score,sleep quality survey,staying-up late,PVT1 SNP rs11993333 and rs2720659.The accuracy,specificity,Kappa value,AUC of ROC,and PRC of ANN are greater than those of the other 3 models.The sensitivity of RF is the highest among 4 types of machine learning.Conclusions The ANN predictive model has a good ability of efficiency and classification to predict CKD with hypertension and/or diabetes patients in the community.

This study aimed to determine the drug resistance phenotype and genetic characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes ST5 LK100 isolated from a neonate,which provided a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of L.monocyto-genes infection and to enhance the understanding of the genomic characteristics of this strain.A suspected L.monocytogenes strain was isolated from the gastric juice sample of an infected neonate,and identified with a VITEK2 Compact automatic mi-crobial identification instrument and 16S RNA sequencing.Five drug sensitivity tests were conducted on the identified strain with the E-test method.Additionally,the whole genome of the strain was sequenced using a third-generation sequencing plat-form.The antibiotic resistance elements of the strain were identified by BlastN with the CARD antibiotic resistance gene data-base.The multilocus sequence typing(MLST),serotyping,and virulence genes of the strain was determined by Pasteur da-tabase,the virulence gene distribution was analyzed using the virulence analysis website.The prophages of the strain were predicted and annotate by PHASTER online website.The strain(LK100)isolated from the neonate was identified as L.monocytogenes.This strain was sensitive to penicillin,ampicil-lin,meropenem,erythromycin,and trimethoprim-sulfame-thoxazole antibiotics.The MLST type and serotype was ST5 and 1/2b-3b,respectively.The total length of the chromoso-mal genome of LK100 was 3 032 582 bp with a GC content of 37.91％,and it contained a complete circular plasmid with a se-quence length of 52 822 bp.The strain LK100 carried complete InlA protein,LIPI-1 pathogenicity island,SSI-1 stress survival island,and an LGI2 genomic island.The intrinsic antibiotic resistance genes were mainly located on the chromosome.Five prophage sequences were predicted in the LK100 genome.This study identified a strain of ST5 L.monocytogenes LK100 from an infected neonate and characterized its genome and antibiotic sensitivity,laying the foundation for further research on ST5 L.monocytogenes.

Background::Breast cancer is ranked among the most prevalent malignancies in the Chinese female population. However, comprehensive reports detailing the latest epidemiological data and attributable disease burden have not been extensively documented.Methods::In 2018, high-quality cancer surveillance data were recorded in 700 population-based cancer registries in China. We extracted data on female breast cancers (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision [ICD-10]: C50) and estimated the incidence and mortality in 2022 according to the baseline data and corresponding trends from 2010 to 2018. Pathological types were classified according to the ICD for Oncology, 3rd Edition codes. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were calculated as the sum of the years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs).Results::In 2022, approximately 357,200 new female breast cancer cases and 75,000 deaths occurred in China, accounting for 15.59% and 7.94% of total new cancer cases and deaths, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) was 33.04 per 100,000. When analyzed by pathological type, the ASIRs for papillary neoplasms, invasive breast carcinoma, rare and salivary gland-type tumors, and other types were 1.13, 29.79, 0.24, and 1.88 per 100,000, respectively. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) was 6.10 per 100,000. A total of 2,628,000 DALYs were found to be attributable to female breast cancer in China, comprising 2,278,300 YLLs and 349,700 YLDs. The ASIR, ASMR, and age-standardized rate (ASR) for DALYs in urban areas were consistently higher than those in rural areas. We observed a four-fold increase in the ASIR and ASR for DALYs and an eight-fold increase in the ASMR among females over 55 years compared with those aged under 55 years.Conclusion::These data provide invaluable insights into the latest epidemiology of female breast cancer in China and highlight the urgency for disease prevention and control strategy formulation.