OBJECTIVESTo explore the forensic application value of MPure-12 automatic nucleic acid purification （MPure-12 Method） for DNA extraction by extracting and typing DNA from bloodstains and various kinds of biological samples with different DNA contents.

METHODSNine types of biological samples, such as bloodstains, semen stains, and saliva were collected. DNA were extracted using MPure-12 method and Chelex-100 method, followed by PCR amplification and electrophoresis for obtaining STR-profiles.

RESULTSThe samples such as hair root, chutty, butt, muscular tissue, saliva stain, bloodstain and semen stain were typed successfully by MPure-12 method. Partial alleles were lacked in the samples of saliva, and the genotyping of contact swabs was unsatisfactory. Additional, all of the bloodstains （20 μL, 15 μL, 10 μL, 5 μL, 1 μL） showed good typing results using Chelex-100 method. But the loss of alleles occurred in 1 μL blood volume by MPure-12 method.

CONCLUSIONSMPure-12 method is suitable for DNA extraction of a certain concentration blood samples．Chelex-100 method may be better for the extraction of trace blood samples．This instrument used in nucleic acid extraction has the advantages of simplicity of operator, rapidity, high extraction efficiency, high rate of reportable STR-profiles and lower man-made pollution.

Alleles ; Blood Stains ; Chelating Agents ; DNA/isolation & purification* ; DNA Fingerprinting ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Polystyrenes ; Polyvinyls ; Resins, Synthetic ; Saliva ; Semen/chemistry*

This paper was aim to optimize the purification technology of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with macroporous adsorption resin. With the content of manninotriose as index, the absorptive flow and time were investigated, as well as kinds, amount, flow of eluent. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin was the best choice for the purification of manninotriose. The optimized parameters were as follows: the content of manninotriose at 161.16-53.72 mg x g(-1), absorption time 240 min, eluting solvent of purified water, volume flow at 1.5 BV x h(-1), and eluant volume at 6 BV. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin could significantly increase the purity of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with the advantage of high absorption, remove most part of impurity, and the effect of semi-works production was better.
Adsorption ; Chemical Fractionation ; Chromatography, Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Rehmannia ; chemistry ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry

According to ICH, Chinese Pharmacopoeia and supplementary requirements on the separation and purification of herbal extract with macroporous adsorption resin by SFDA, hexane, acetidine, ethanol, benzene, methyl-benzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, styrene, diethyl-benzene and divinyl-benzene of residual organic solvents and macroporous resin residues in Akebia saponin D were determined by headspace capillary GC. Eleven residues in Akebia saponin D were completely separated on DB-wax column, with FID detector, high purity nitrogen as the carry gases. The calibration curves were in good linearity (0.999 2-0.999 7). The reproducibility was good (RSD < 10%). The average recoveries were 80.0% -110%. The detection limit of each component was far lower than the limit concentration. The method is simple, reproducible, and can be used to determine the residual organic solvents and macroporous resin residues in Akebia saponin D.
Chromatography, Gas ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry ; Saponins ; analysis ; isolation & purification

The possibility of polyoxymethylene (POM) as heart valve leaflet material was investigated by comparing the hemocompatibility with that of 316L stainless steel and low-temperature isotropic pyrolytic carbon (LTIC). Surface hydrophobicity was characterized by water contact angle measurement. Platelet adhesion, APTT/PT/TT and hemolysis rate tests were applied for evaluating hemocompatibility. The results showed that POM was hydrophobic and had a low hemolytic rate, adhesion amount and activation degree of platelets on POM surface were less than 316L stainless steel, and was similar to LTIC. This research pointed out potential application of POM as heart valve leaflets.
Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Blood Platelets ; Carbon ; chemistry ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Heart Valves ; Humans ; Platelet Adhesiveness ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry ; Stainless Steel ; chemistry

The macroporous resin separation technology has been mainly applied in the enrichment of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and other ingredients, and used in the removal of heavy metal impurities and pesticide residues in recent years. This paper focuses on the synthesis of the new-type macroporous adsorption resin LKS-11 according to the molecular structure characteristics of procymidone. Specifically, the selective absorptive property and other advantages of macroporous resin were utilized to analyze the procymidone removal efficiency in ginseng extracts from different sources. The type of macroporous resins, absorptive property and desorption conditions were observed respectively by static and dynamic adsorption methods to determined the optimum process conditions. According to the results, LKS-11 showed a good absorptive property to procymidone in ginseng extracts and provided a theoretical basis for studies on the removal of procymidone residues from ginseng extracts by using macroporous adsorption resin. Because of no secondary pollution on samples, low production and operation costs, high procymidone removal efficiency and high product recovery rate, this method is suitable to be applied in production.
Adsorption ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Chromatography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Drug Residues ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fungicides, Industrial ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Porosity ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo optimize the conditions of purifying the total alkaloids in Aconitum szechenyianum with macroporous adsorption resin, and compare the content of total alkaloids and aconitine in A. szechenyianum from different producing areas, in order to provide basis for further studies.

METHODThe orthogonal experiment method was adopted for optimizing the conditions of purifying the total alkaloids in A. szechenyianum with macroporous adsorption resin. The content of total alkaloids and aconitine were determined by using the titration method. The total alkaloids in A. szechenyianum from different producing areas were purified under optimum processing conditions. Aconitine was determined by HPLC.

RESULTDifferent processing conditions showed different influences on the purification of total alkaloids. The optimum conditions were resin type HPD-722, ethanol concentration of 80% , and ethanol elution volume of 80 mL x min(-1). The contents of aconitine in A. szechenyianum from different producing areas--Qinghai, Maxianshan, Ningxia and Yongdeng were 0.493 5, 0.883 5, 1.527 8, 1.664 4 mg x g(-1), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe optimum processing conditions used in this essay could be used for purifying the total alkaloids and aconitine. A. szechenyianum from Yongdeng and Gansu contains the highest content of aconitine.

Aconitine ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Aconitum ; chemistry ; Adsorption ; Alkaloids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Porosity ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry

In order to investigate the effects of fungal elicitor and macroporous adsorption resin on shikonin accumulation in hairy roots of arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst, we used spectrophotometry to determine the total naphthoquinone content of the hairy roots, by adding different volume ratio of Aspergillus niger elicitor, Aspergillus oryzae elicitor, and the macroporous resin into the M-9 liquid medium at different culture time. The results show that the total naphthoquinone content was 2.28 times higher than the control when we added mixed elicitors of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae at the ratio of 2.5:50 in the 10th day of hairy roots cultivating. The total naphthoquinone content was 3.71 times higher than that of the control, when we added macroporous adsorption resin NKA-9. Aspergillus niger elicitor exhibited synergistic effect with Aspergillus oryzae elicitor to enhance the naphthoquinone. Also, the total naphthoquinone level was 4.17 times higher than that of the control by adding mixed fungal elicitor and macroporous adsorption resin NKA-9 in the bioreactor. Aspergillus oryzae and mixed elicitor could promote the hairy roots proliferation, and macroporous adsorption resin NKA-9 and mixed elicitor increased the total naphthoquinone content. In summary, the measure developed for Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst hairy roots cultivating in bioreactors may potential for large-scale production of naphthoquinone.
Aspergillus niger ; metabolism ; Boraginaceae ; metabolism ; Fungal Proteins ; pharmacology ; Naphthoquinones ; analysis ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Porosity ; Resins, Synthetic ; pharmacology

To optimize the separation process of liquirtin from glycyrrhiz by static, dynamic adsorption and desorption experiments on polyamide resin, with liquirtin, isoliquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid as the study index. The optimum process conditions were that the pH of solution was regulated to be 7.0, the concentration of liquirtin was 1.296 g x L(-1), the volume of loading buffer was 3 BV. After absorption, efforts shall be made to elute resin with water, 10%, 20%, 30% ethanol (3 BV for each), collect 20% ethanol eluted fraction, and recover solvents. The results showed lower contents of such impurities as isoliquiritin and isoliquiritin in extracts sepaprated under this process conditions, as well as an increase in purity of liquirtin from 4.86% to 88.5%. The method was simple and feasible, it could obtain a higher purity in extracts from liquirtin and provide basis for industrialized separation and preparation of liquirtin.
Chalcone ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; chemistry ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry

Temperature scanning tests and uniaxial tensile tests at room temperature under different strain rates for three kinds of existing low-temperature outside fixed thermoplastic medical polymer resin materials (A, B and C) were conducted on dynamic mechanical analyzer and micro material testing machine to contrast their mechanical properties. It is shown that the glass transition temperatures of these three materials are all around 65 degrees C, but material C has the widest range of shaping temperature. Stress-strain responses of the three materials are rate-dependent and material C shows better plasticity.
External Fixators ; Materials Testing ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry ; Temperature ; Tensile Strength

OBJECTIVETo study the purification effect of macroporous resin combined with ZTC natural clarifying agent on Folium Gynurae Divaricatae extracts and to determine the ideal purification process.

METHODThe content of total flavonoids in Folium Gynurae Divaricatae was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry spectrophotometer. The reservation ratio and transferring ratio of total flavonoids were used as indicator to detect such impacting factors as the macroporous resin model, the pH value of ethanol-extraction liquid and elution agent as well as cleaning agents, the concentration of ethanol-extraction liquid, the flow speed for adsorption, the ratio of polyamide to crude drug, the ratio of diameter to height of polyamide column, the flow speed of cleaning agents, the alcohol content and flow speed of the elution agent.

RESULTThe optimized purification conditions of total flavonoids in Folium Gynurae Divaricatae were as follows: the macroporous resin model was HPD600, the pH value of ethanol-extraction liquid and elution agent as well as cleaning agents was adjusted to 6.0, the concentration of extraction liquid was 0.25 g x mL(-1), the flow speed for adsorption was 2 BV x h(-1), the ratio of crude drug and the resin was 4:1, the ratio of diameter to height of resin column was 1:10, the flow speed of cleaning agents was 5 BV x h(-1), the dosage of cleaning agents was 5 BV, the dosage of elution agent was 9 BV, with 70% alcohol as elution agent, and the flow speed of elution agent as 5 BV x h(-1). Under the purification condition, the content of total flavonoids increased from 2.47% to 24.2%.

CONCLUSIONMacroporous resin and ZTC natural clarifying agent used in combination can improve the internal quality of the product, shorten the production cycle, reduce use and cost of organic solvent, thus it is worth popularizing.

Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet