ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological trends and characteristics of brucellosis in humans (hereinafter referred to as brucellosis) in Tangshan City, Hebei Province from 2016 to 2023, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating brucellosis prevention and control strategies in the region. MethodsThe incidence data of human brucellosis in Tangshan City from 2016 to 2023 were collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The diagnosis time, infection route, and clinical characteristics of the cases were obtained from the case investigation reports. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the temporal, spatial, demographic distributions, and clinical characteristics of human brucellosis. Brucella species were identified using agglutination tests with bacterial suspension and A/M antigen-positive serum. ResultsA total of 2 193 cases of human brucellosis were confirmed and clinically diagnosed in Tangshan City from 2016 to 2023, with the peak incidence occured from March to August, and which exhibited distinct geographic distribution patterns. The highest incidence rate was found in people aged 60‒<70 years. The occupation of cases were primarily farmers. The incidence rate in males (528/100 000) was higher than that in females (184/100 000). All cases had confirmed exposure to infected animals or contaminated animal products. ConclusionThe epidemic of human brucellosis in Tangshan exhibited an overall steady downward trend from 2016 to 2023, except for a slight increase in 2016 and 2021, with the incidence rate controlled at 289/100 000‒335/100 000. The prevention and control situation of human brucellosis still remains severe, with the highest incidence rate in the eastern region of Tangshan, which are characterized by the breeding, slaughtering, and processing of cattle and sheep. Therefore, it it is necessary to enhance the prevention and control of human brucellosis among the personnel engaged in these industries in the eastern areas.

According to the World Health Organization's world report on hearing, nearly 2.5 billion people worldwide will suffer from hearing loss by 2050, which may contribute to a severe impact on individual life quality and national economies. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) occurs commonly as a result of noise exposure, aging, and ototoxic drugs, and is pathologically characterized by the impairment of mechanosensory hair cells of the inner ear, which is mainly triggered by reactive oxygen species accumulation, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Though recent advances have been made in understanding the ability of cochlear repair and regeneration, there are still no effective therapeutic drugs for SNHL. Chinese herbal medicine which is widely distributed and easily accessible in China has demonstrated a unique curative effect against SNHL with higher safety and lower cost compared with Western medicine. Herein we present trends in research for Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of SNHL, and elucidate their molecular mechanisms of action, to pave the way for further research and development of novel effective drugs in this field.

Objective:To explore the influence of deviation of the bolt in femoral neck system (FNS) on the short-term outcomes in young and middle-aged patients with displaced femoral neck fracture.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of the 114 young and middle-aged patients with displaced femoral neck fracture who had been treated with FNS at Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital from December 2019 to January 2023. Based on the postoperative measurements of the deviation of the bolt tip to the central axis of the femoral head and neck (W), the patients were divided into a central group (W≤20%) and a deviation group (W>20%). In the central group of 63 cases, there were 27 males and 36 females with a mean age of (46.4±8.0) years. In the deviation group of 51 cases, there were 20 males and 31 females with a mean age of (45.1±9.8) years. The 2 groups were compared in terms of weight-bearing time, fracture healing time, tip-apex distance, degree of femoral neck shortening, Harris Hip Score and EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire-5L (EQ-5D-5L) utility value at the last follow-up, as well as complications and revision surgeries.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative general information, auxiliary reduction or quality of fracture reduction between the 2 groups, showing comparability between groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the partial weight-bearing time between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). In the central group, the full weight-bearing time [15.0 (14.0, 16.0) weeks] and fracture healing time [14.0 (12.0, 15.0) weeks] were significantly shorter than those in the deviation group [16.0 (15.0, 19.0) weeks; 15.0 (13.0, 17.0) weeks], the tip-apex distance [(21.4±3.4) mm] was significantly shorter than that in the deviation group [(23.5±2.7) mm], the Harris Hip Score [(90.6±6.1) points] and EQ-5D-5L utility value [0.9 (0.8, 0.9)] at the last follow-up were significantly higher than those in the deviation group [(87.7±6.2) points; 0.9 (0.8, 0.9)], and the incidences of moderate and severe femoral neck shortening [25.4% (16/63)], avascular necrosis of the femoral head [0 (0/63)] and revision surgery [0 (0/63)] were significantly lower than those in the deviation group [66.7% (34/51), 7.8% (4/51), 9.8% (5/51)] (all P< 0.05). Conclusion:A closer positioning of the FNS bolt to the central axis of the femoral head and neck favors satisfactory short-term outcomes and a lower revision surgery rate in young and middle-aged patients with displaced femoral neck fracture.

This article explores the standardized management of colorectal polyps, including classification, treatment, follow-up, and preventive control. Corresponding treatment strategies, including endoscopic resection and surgical intervention, are employed for different types of polyps. Currently, there is debate over whether to choose endoscopic resection or surgical intervention for malignant polyps at pT1 stage. Drawing on the latest literature and guidelines, the article elaborates on polyp classification, treatment modalities, follow-up, and preventive measures. Standardized management of colorectal polyps is important for reducing the incidence of colorectal cancer and improving the cure rate of early-stage colorectal cancer.

This article explores the standardized management of colorectal polyps, including classification, treatment, follow-up, and preventive control. Corresponding treatment strategies, including endoscopic resection and surgical intervention, are employed for different types of polyps. Currently, there is debate over whether to choose endoscopic resection or surgical intervention for malignant polyps at pT1 stage. Drawing on the latest literature and guidelines, the article elaborates on polyp classification, treatment modalities, follow-up, and preventive measures. Standardized management of colorectal polyps is important for reducing the incidence of colorectal cancer and improving the cure rate of early-stage colorectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the variation pattern of real-ear-to-coupler difference(RECD)in chil-dren,and to compare it with the standard values of Western children.Thus,to provide a basis for the establishment of the standard values of RECD in children in China.Methods A total of 120 children participated in this study,and were divided into 8 groups according to the test age.Binaural RECD tests were performed for each group at each frequency.The standard values established for Western children were compared,and their variation patterns were analyzed.Results The mean values of RECD in Chinese children were generally lower than the standard values of RECD in Western children.There were no significant differences in RECD values between 3～6 and 7～11 months of age,and between 18～23 and 24～35 months of age.RECD values decreased gradually with the age of children.There were no statistical differences in RECD values between the right and left ears of children.Conclusion Indi-vidual RECD values should be measured during hearing aid fitting.In addition,one ear value can be used for both ears for children who have difficulty in completing binaural testing.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of liver cancer occurrence in liver cirrhosis,and to construct a risk prediction model.Methods A total of 307 patients with liver cirrhosis admitted and treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from August 2019 to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects,among them 175 patients with simple liver cirrhosis were included in the control group and 132 patients with liver cirrhosis complicating liver cancer were included in the observation group.The lev-els of various indicators were detected by the automatic immunofluorescence analyzer and dry biochemical ana-lyzer.The influencing factors of liver cancer occurrence in liver cirrhosis were analyzed by univariate and mult-ivariate logistic regression.The diagnostic efficiency of single detection and combined detection of various in-fluencing factors for liver cancer occurrence in liver cirrhosis was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results The univariate analysis results showed that the age,smoking history,drinking history,family history of liver cancer,AFP,PIVKA-Ⅱ,ApoA1 and ApoB levels had statistical differences between the two groups (P<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression results showed that PIVKA-Ⅱ (OR=1.240,95％CI:1.064-1.445),ApoA1 (OR=26.154,95％CI:1.224-558.648) and ApoB (OR=23.289,95％CI:2.940-184.520) were the independent risk factors for liver cancer occurrence in liver cirrhosis (P<0.05). The ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve of PIVKA-Ⅱ,ApoA1 and ApoB combined detec-tion for predicting the liver cancer occurrence in liver cirrhosis was 0.853 (95％CI:0.756-0.874),and the sensitivity and specificity were 82.33％ and 65.47％,respectively.Conclusion PIVKA-Ⅱ,ApoA1 and ApoB levels are the independent risk factors for liver cancer occurrence in liver cirrhosis,and their combined detec-tion has a good predictive value for liver cancer occurrence in liver cirrhosis.

Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignant tumors,the five-year survival rate decreased significantly in the case of lymph node metastasis and distant metasta-sis,so the development of new anti-cervical cancer drugs is of great significance for the treatment of cervical cancer.Molecular docking technology is one of the most commonly used research methods in computer aided drug design,which is widely used in screening the effective components of drugs,finding the targets of drugs acting on tumors and exploring the mechanism of antineoplastic drugs.This paper reviews the molecular docking technology in the screening of anti-cervical cancer drugs,the determination of anti-tumor targets and the mechanism of anti-cervical cancer,in order to provide more sufficient theoretical basis for the screening of anti-cervical cancer drugs and new drug research and development.

Medicine is essentially an anthropology, and the patient role is characterized by integrity and subjectivity. With the progress of science and technology and social development, the contemporary patient role has become alienated. The specific manifestations of patient role alienation were analyzed from four aspects, including the objectification of the patient role and the blurring of the patient boundaries in sociology, the objectification of the patient role and the indexing of patients’ pain in technology, the challenge of patient life and health rights and the alienation of informed consent rights in law, and the instrumentalization of patient role and the fragility of patient subjectivity in economics. This paper proposed that the coordination of technology and humanities, the return to the nature of patients, and the concern for the needs of patients are essential in the development of modern medicine.

Progressive functional deterioration in the cochlea is associated with age-related hearing loss (ARHL). However, the cellular and molecular basis underlying cochlear aging remains largely unknown. Here, we established a dynamic single-cell transcriptomic landscape of mouse cochlear aging, in which we characterized aging-associated transcriptomic changes in 27 different cochlear cell types across five different time points. Overall, our analysis pinpoints loss of proteostasis and elevated apoptosis as the hallmark features of cochlear aging, highlights unexpected age-related transcriptional fluctuations in intermediate cells localized in the stria vascularis (SV) and demonstrates that upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperon protein HSP90AA1 mitigates ER stress-induced damages associated with aging. Our work suggests that targeting unfolded protein response pathways may help alleviate aging-related SV atrophy and hence delay the progression of ARHL.
Mice ; Animals ; Transcriptome ; Aging/metabolism* ; Cochlea ; Stria Vascularis ; Presbycusis