Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) is an epigenetic modification enzyme that plays a crucial role in the development and progression of diabetes and its complications. Studies have reported that increased HDAC3 activity is associated with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 1 diabetes, while in type 2 diabetes, HDAC3 affects insulin resistance and signaling by regulating the metabolism of the liver, adipose tissue, and muscle. Additionally, HDAC3 plays a key role in diabetic complications such as cardiomyopathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Selective inhibition of HDAC3 has the potential to improve insulin sensitivity, reduce chronic inflammation, and enhance pancreatic cell function, offering a promising new therapeutic strategy for diabetes and its complications.

[Objective] To conduct a retrospective statistical comparison of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test values in blood donors prior to blood collection, aiming to analyze the objective characteristics of the population with elevated ALT levels (ALT>50 U/L) and provide reference data for adjusting the screening eligibility threshold for ALT. [Methods] The preliminary ALT screening data of 30 341 blood donor samples collected prior to blood donation from three smart blood donation sites at the Shenzhen Blood Center between 2022 and 2023 were extracted and compared with data from a health examination department of a tertiary hospital in Shenzhen (representing the general population, n=24 906). Both datasets were categorized and statistically described. A retrospective analysis was conducted to examine the associations between ALT test results and factors such as donors' gender, age, ethnicity, donation site, donation season, and frequency of blood donation. [Results] The ALT levels in both blood donors and the general population were non-normally distributed. The 95th percentile of ALT values was calculated as 61.4 U/L (male: 67.8 U/L, female: 39.3 U/L) for blood donors and 58.1 U/L (male: 63.7 U/L, female: 51.2 U/L) for the general population. The non-compliance rates (ALT>50 U/L) were 7.65% (2 321/30 341) in blood donors and 7.08% (1 763/24 906) in the general population. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the ALT failure rate among blood donors based on gender, age, and donation site, but no significant differences (P>0.05) during the blood donation season. There was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) in the positive rates of four serological markers (HBsAg, anti HCV, HIV Ag/Ab, anti TP) for blood screening pathogens between ALT unqualified and qualified individuals (2.05% vs 1.5%). If the ALT qualification threshold was raised from 50 U/L to 90 U/L, the non qualification rates of male and female blood donors would decrease from 9.82% (2 074/21 125) to 2.23% (471/21 125) and from 2.70% (249/9 216) to 0.75% (69/9 216), respectively. Among the 154 blood donors who donated blood more than 3 times, 88.31% of the 248 ALT test results were in the range of 50-90 U/L. Among them, 9 cases had ALT>130 U/L, and ALT was converted to qualified in subsequent blood donations. [Conclusion] There are differences in the ALT failure rate among blood donors of different genders and ages, and different blood donation sites and operators can also affect the ALT detection values of blood donors. The vast majority of blood donors with ALT failure are caused by transient and non pathological factors. With the widespread use of blood virus nucleic acid testing, appropriately increasing the ALT qualification threshold for blood donors can expand the qualified population and alleviate the shortage of blood sources, and the risk of blood safety will not increase.

The outer membrane composed predominantly of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an essential biological barrier for most Gram-negative (G^-) bacteria. Lipopolysaccharide transport protein (Lpt) complex LptDE is responsible for the critical final stage of LPS transport and outer membrane assembly. The structure and function of LptDE are highly conserved in most G^- bacteria but absent in mammalian cells, and thus LptDE complex is regarded as an attractive antibacterial target. In recent 10 years, the deciphering of the three-dimensional structure of LptDE protein facilities the drug discovery based on such "non-enzyme" proteins. Murepavadin, a peptidomimetic compound, was reported to be the first compound able to target LptD, enlightening a new class of antibacterial molecules with novel mechanisms of action. This article is devoted to summarize the molecular characteristics, structure-function of LptDE protein complex and review the development of murepavadin and related peptidomimetic compounds, in order to provide references for relevant researches.

In the management of public hospital,there are many methods to supervise,mainly divided into exter-nal supervision and internal management,aiming to improve the quality of medical management.With the develop-ment and progress of society,many hospitals are not only ensuring medical quality,but also continuously improving patients'humanistic care during medical treatment.As non-medical professionals,external supervisors,from the perspective of bystanders,provide reasonable suggestions to hospitals,which can help them better improve their medical experience during the medical service process.

Pharmaceutical cocrystals is an advanced technology to improve the physicochemical and biological properties of drugs. However, there are few studies on the in vivo metabolism of pharmaceutical cocrystals. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of wogonin cocrystal in normal rats was further studied on the basis of the previous preparation of wogonin-aloperine cocrystal. Firstly, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was established for simultaneous determination of wogonin and its metabolite wogonoside in rat plasma, and to investigate the methodology. The method was applied to the pharmacokinetic study of wogonin-aloperine cocrystal (Wog-Alop) in rats. The results showed that wogonin and its metabolite wogonoside had a good linear relationship in the range of 1-800 ng·mL^-1, and the precision, accuracy, matrix effect and stability in this range met the requirements of biological analysis. Compared with direct administration of wogonin, the C_max of wogonin and its metabolite in rats increased to 7.44-fold and 9.15-fold, AUC_0-t increased to 1.67-fold and 3.72-fold, and oral bioavailability of wogonin increased to 187.66% after cocrystal administration. Wog-Alop cocrystal can significantly improve the C_max, AUC, and oral bioavailability of wogonin and its metabolite, which provides a new perspective for the clinical application of wogonin. This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Review Committee of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (approval number: BUCM-2023032307-1148).

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major outer membrane components of Gram-negative bacteria. Unlike most Gram-negative bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii can still survive and acquire polymyxin resistance after complete loss of LPS. Previous studies of LPS-deficient Acinetobacter baumannii mostly focused on LPS-deficient strains induced by polymyxin, whose background was complex and unstable. To investigate LPS loss-mediated polymyxin resistant-Acinetobacter baumannii, this study constructed a stable and clear background LPS-deficient strain by knocking out lpxC gene in Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 with CIRSPR/Cas9, and then studied the phenotypic changes of the lpxC-deficient strain including morphology, growth rate, antibiotic susceptibility, virulence, membrane permeability, and membrane potential. Animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Welfare Committee Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, CAMS and PUMC (approval number: IMB-20240119D₉). The results indicated that the lpxC gene of Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 was successfully knocked out. After losing the lpxC, the strain underwent the morphological change from rod-shaped to spherical. Furthermore, it leads to reduced growth rate, enhanced membrane permeability, decreased membrane potential, lower virulence, and increased antibiotic susceptibility to β-lactams, quinolones, aminoglycosides, macrolides, glycopeptides. The lpxC deletion results in significant changes in membrane homeostasis and adaptability of Acinetobacter baumannii. Understanding the phenotypic changes of colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii mediated by LPS loss is useful for exploring the resistance mechanism of Acinetobacter baumannii and developing new therapeutic strategies.

Objective Establish a standardized evaluation system for medical faults,and provide theoretical basis for medical institutions and related industries to evaluate the illegality of medical behaviors.Methods Based on a litera-ture review,the medical fault assessment system was initially constructed,and then a research group was estab-lished to use Delphi method to invite 31 experts to evaluate the importance and feasibility of each article of the medi-cal fault assessment system and put forward suggestions for modification.Results The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were 83.9％and 96.8％,the expert authority coefficient was 0.902 and 0.887,and the Kendall's W test of all levels differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).The medical fault assess-ment system finally constructed includes 5 first-level items including practicing medicine according to law,informed notification,diagnosis and treatment technology,medical record documents and hospital management,as well as 10 second-level items,20 third-level items and 47 fourth-level items.The mean values of importance and feasibili-ty scores of all articles were greater than 4,standard deviations were less than 1,and coefficients of variation were less than 0.2.Conclusion The medical fault standardized evaluation system is scientific,reliable,innovative and appli-cable.

Objective Establish a standardized evaluation system for medical faults,and provide theoretical basis for medical institutions and related industries to evaluate the illegality of medical behaviors.Methods Based on a litera-ture review,the medical fault assessment system was initially constructed,and then a research group was estab-lished to use Delphi method to invite 31 experts to evaluate the importance and feasibility of each article of the medi-cal fault assessment system and put forward suggestions for modification.Results The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were 83.9％and 96.8％,the expert authority coefficient was 0.902 and 0.887,and the Kendall's W test of all levels differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).The medical fault assess-ment system finally constructed includes 5 first-level items including practicing medicine according to law,informed notification,diagnosis and treatment technology,medical record documents and hospital management,as well as 10 second-level items,20 third-level items and 47 fourth-level items.The mean values of importance and feasibili-ty scores of all articles were greater than 4,standard deviations were less than 1,and coefficients of variation were less than 0.2.Conclusion The medical fault standardized evaluation system is scientific,reliable,innovative and appli-cable.

Objective Establish a standardized evaluation system for medical faults,and provide theoretical basis for medical institutions and related industries to evaluate the illegality of medical behaviors.Methods Based on a litera-ture review,the medical fault assessment system was initially constructed,and then a research group was estab-lished to use Delphi method to invite 31 experts to evaluate the importance and feasibility of each article of the medi-cal fault assessment system and put forward suggestions for modification.Results The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were 83.9％and 96.8％,the expert authority coefficient was 0.902 and 0.887,and the Kendall's W test of all levels differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).The medical fault assess-ment system finally constructed includes 5 first-level items including practicing medicine according to law,informed notification,diagnosis and treatment technology,medical record documents and hospital management,as well as 10 second-level items,20 third-level items and 47 fourth-level items.The mean values of importance and feasibili-ty scores of all articles were greater than 4,standard deviations were less than 1,and coefficients of variation were less than 0.2.Conclusion The medical fault standardized evaluation system is scientific,reliable,innovative and appli-cable.

Objective Establish a standardized evaluation system for medical faults,and provide theoretical basis for medical institutions and related industries to evaluate the illegality of medical behaviors.Methods Based on a litera-ture review,the medical fault assessment system was initially constructed,and then a research group was estab-lished to use Delphi method to invite 31 experts to evaluate the importance and feasibility of each article of the medi-cal fault assessment system and put forward suggestions for modification.Results The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were 83.9％and 96.8％,the expert authority coefficient was 0.902 and 0.887,and the Kendall's W test of all levels differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).The medical fault assess-ment system finally constructed includes 5 first-level items including practicing medicine according to law,informed notification,diagnosis and treatment technology,medical record documents and hospital management,as well as 10 second-level items,20 third-level items and 47 fourth-level items.The mean values of importance and feasibili-ty scores of all articles were greater than 4,standard deviations were less than 1,and coefficients of variation were less than 0.2.Conclusion The medical fault standardized evaluation system is scientific,reliable,innovative and appli-cable.