Objective:To investigate the diagnostic role of NR4A3/NOR-1 immunohistochemistry in acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) of the salivary gland.Methods:A total of 142 tumors were collected from 2004 to 2020 at Nanjing Jinling Hospital, including 24 cases of AciCCs, 12 salivary gland secretory carcinomas,14 salivary duct carcinomas,16 adenoid cystic carcinomas,3 basal cell carcinomas,13 mucoepidermoid carcinomas,7 myoepithelial carcinomas,15 pleomorphic adenomas,15 warthin tumor, 8 myoepithelioma,8 basal cell adenomas, and 7 oncocytomas; 28 normal salivary gland tissues and 2 pancreatic AciCC were also included.Results:NR4A3/NOR-1,a nuclear marker,was positive in 91.7% (22/24) of AciCC of the salivary gland,while DOG1,a membranous and cytoplasmic marker, demonstrated a sensitivity of 95.8% (23/24);there was no significant difference in the overall positive rates( P=0.551), but the stain pattern was different. NR4A3/NOR-1 was negative in normal salivary gland tissues and any other types of tumors in the salivary gland; however,DOG1 showed apical staining in the acinar cells in the salivary gland,as well as salivary gland secretory carcinomas,adenoid cystic carcinomas,basal cell carcinomas,mucoepidermoid carcinomas,myoepithelial carcinomas and basal cell adenomas( P<0.001). NR4A3/NOR-1 showed a high sensitivity(91.7%) and specificity(100%) to identify AciCC of the salivary gland,and in combination with DOG1, the sensitivity increased to 100%. Furthermore, NR4A3/NOR-1 were only positive for AciCC arising from salivary glands but not pancreas(0/2)( P=0.018). Conclusion:NR4A3/NOR-1 is a special and sensitive biomarker for AciCC of salivary glands; combined NR4A3/NOR-1 and DOG1 can be an ideal diagnostic immunohistochemical panel for AciCC.

Objective To investigate the value of real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in the detection of Streptococcus agalactiae in early screening of Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women in the third trimester, and to study the effect of Streptococcus agalactiae infection on them.Methods A retrospective analysis of 5 855pregnant women with vaginal discharge and rectal secretions from January 2017to January 2018in our hospital were performed to detect Streptococcus agalactiae by RT-qPCR.Meanwhile, 100vaginal non-vaginosis women in the third trimester were selected as the negative group and100healthy women as the control group.The vaginal micro-environment-related indexes (Lactobacilli content, flora diversity and cleanliness) of three groups were analyzed.Results The total carrier rate of Streptococcus agalactiae of the third trimester from January 2017to January 2018in our hospital was 9.6％, of which vaginal carriage rate was 2.4％, rectum carriage rate was 7.2％, Streptococcus agalactiae positive group (GradeⅡ-Ⅲ), rates of population diversity (GradeⅡ-Ⅲ) cleanliness (Ⅰdegree) and microenvironment imbalance were 30.1％, 36.4％, 25.9％and 76.2％respectively, while those in the negative group were 58.0％, 55.0％, 61.0％and 63.0％and those in the control group were 87.0％, 91.0％, 83.0％, 24.0％.The positive rate of Streptococcus agalactiae in each group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05).The differences of all the indexes between the negative group and the control group were also statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion The carrying rate of Streptococcus agalactiae in third trimester pregnancy in our hospital was within the normal range reported in the literature.The detection of Streptococcus agalactiae by RT-qPCR could be effectively screened and monitored.Carrying Streptococcus agalactiae might increase the risk of vaginal infection in third trimester women.

Objective At present, there are few studies about myelolipoma within adrenal cortical adenoma.Our aim was to provide more basis for correct diagnosis and treatment by investigation into its clinical and pathological features.Methods The clinical and pathological data were retrospectively reviewed in 11 patients of myelolipoma within adrenal cortical adenoma, along with relative literature reviews.Results The median age of 11 patients (7 females, 4 males) was 49±9.5 years, among whom 3 patients presented Cushing's syndrome, 1 patient with more than 10 years' recurrent dizzy with hypertension, other 7 patients were found coincidently by routine examination.Adrenal mass were found by imaging examination.Pathologically, myelolipomas were in solitary nodule distribution and/or admixed with adrenal cortical adenomas.Myelolipomas were composed of variable admixture of mature adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements.Surgical treatment was performed for all 11 patients, and no relapse was found in 2 months' to 11 years' follow-up.Conclusion Myelolipoma within adrenal cortical adenoma is extremely rare, which is common in females.The patients may present with Cushing's syndrome, hypertension or without obvious clinical syndrome.All the patients are in favorable prognosis after surgical resection.

Objective To study the correlation between MGMT expression , clinicopathologic features and post-chemotherapy prognosis in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCNS-DLBCL).Methods MGMT expression was detected in 76 cases of PCNS-DLBCL by EnVision method with immunohistochemical staining .Follow-up data including treatment response and overall survival time , were analyzed.Results The rate of MGMT expression in PCNS-DLBCL was 67.1%(51/76).The MGMT expression rate in male patients was higher than that in female (P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that these clinical pathological characteristics affected the overall survival of PCNS-DLBCL patients , including age and Hans algorithm , although no statistical significance was detected ( P value was 0.065 and 0.069 respectively ) .The overall survival of the patients with positive MGMT and aged over 60 years was shorter after chemotherapy than those without chemotherapy ( P=0.022 ) .In the patients aged over 60 years, the prognosis of MGMT-positive patients was significantly better than MGMT-negative patients ( P=0.044 ) .Conclusions The expression of MGMT is more commonly found in male patients.In the patients aged over 60 years with the same therapy , the prognosis is better in the MGMT-negative ones.Detection of MGMT protein expression can provide some guidance in choice of treatment modalities in PCNS-DLBCL patients.

INTRODUCTIONDiabetes mellitus induces microangiopathic changes that lead to endothelial dysfunction. This study investigated the effect of Xiaokening, a type of Chinese compound medicine, on the mesenteric arteriolar endothelial cell function of diabetic rats and its underlying mechanism.

METHODSDiabetes mellitus was induced in rat models via intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin and observed over three weeks. Mesenteric arterioles, which were isolated in a cannulated and pressurised state, were incubated with intravascular injections of 1, 3 or 5 g/L Xiaokening for 24, 48 or 72 hours. The effects of Xiaokening on the release of nitric oxide (NO) on the mesenteric arterioles were detected under shear stress of 1, 10 and 20 dyn/cm(2). Biochemical methods were used to determine the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and xanthine oxidase (XO). The expressions of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), SOD and XO in the mesenteric arterioles were assessed using Western blot.

RESULTSCompared to normal rat arterioles, less NO was released in the mesenteric arterioles of diabetic rats. Xiaokening was found to have a concentration- and time-dependent effect on NO release; when the shear stress was increased, there was a gradual increase in the release of NO. Compared to normal arterioles, the expression of eNOS in the mesenteric arterioles of diabetic rats was lower. Incubation with Xiaokening increased SOD activity and expression, and decreased XO activity and expression in the mesenteric arterioles of the diabetic rats.

CONCLUSIONXiaokening was able to significantly increase NO release and improve the endothelial function of mesenteric arterioles through antioxidative mechanisms.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; chemistry ; Arterioles ; enzymology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; metabolism ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Streptozocin ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Xanthine Oxidase ; metabolism

Purpose To investigate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of primary small cell carcinoma of the cervix ( SCCC) and its prognosis. Methods 18 cases of primary cervical small cell carcinoma were evaluated by histopathology, in si-tu hybridization and immunohistochemistry and relevant literatures were reviewed. Results The age of the patients ranged from 30 to 69 years ( mean age, 40 years) . Major clinical manifestation was irregular colporrhagia. Colposcopy often revealed a cervical mass or cervical erosion. Microscopically, the tumor cells were small and round and arranged in a solid distribution. The cell had little cyto-plasm and increased karyoplasmic ratio with deeply stained granular chromatin and increased pathological mitosis. Immunohistochemi-cally, the tumor cells were often positive for CKpan, variable positive for Syn, NES, CgA, CD56 and p16. HPV 16/18 were positive in 4 cases. Conclusion SCCC is a neuroendocrine tumor of high malignancy and poor prognosis with a possible pathogenesis of HPV 16/18 infection. CKpan, Syn, CgA, NSE and CD56 are useful markers for the diagnosis of SCCC.

Purpose To investigate the expression and significance of HLA-G in ovarian serous carcinoma ( OSC) . Methods HLA-G antigen was immunohistochemically labeled on paraffin-embedded sections of 108 OSCs. The relationship between HLA-G expression and the clinicopathologic parameters was studied. Results The positive expression of HLA-G was observed in 58. 33% (63/108) of OSC tissues. Positive expression of HLA-G was significantly related with lymph node metastasis, recurrence, occurrence site, FIGO stage and MDACC grading system (P<0. 05). In survival analysis, the expression of HLA-G was significantly relevant to prognosis (P=0. 015). Multivariate Cox analysis showed the expression of HLA-G was an important prognosis factor of OSC (P=0. 01). Con-clusion The positive expression of HLA-G could predict high grade and advanced stage of OSC as well as poor prognosis. Also it could distinguish high-grade OSC from low-grade OSC.

Aim To study the effects of Free Anthra-quinone from Rhubarb (FAR)on myocardial CTGF and collagen expression and interstitial fibrosis in dia-betic rats.Methods The male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (CON),diabetic cardiomy-opathy group (DCM) and FAR treatment group (FAR).Streptozocin was intraperitoneally injected in-to the animals in the latter 2 groups to induce diabetic rat model.The model was expected to be stable for 2 weeks before the treatment.At the end of the 8th week in treatment,fasting plasma glucose and heart mass in-dex were measured.Masson staining was used to ob-serve the myocardial fibrosis.RT-PCR was used to de-tect the mRNA levels of CTGF,procollagen type Ⅰand collagen type Ⅲ.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the content of CTGF.ELISA was used to detect the depositions of collagen type I and collagen type Ⅲ. Results Compared with CON group,fasting plasma glucose,heart mass index,the degree of myocardial fibrosis,and the expressions of CTGF,collagen type I and collagen type Ⅲ in left ven-tricular myocardial tissue of DCM group were signifi-cantly increased. However, compared with DCM group,fasting plasma glucose,heart mass index,the degree of myocardial fibrosis,and the expressions of CTGF,collagen type I and collagen type Ⅲ in left ven-tricular myocardial tissue of FAR-treated rats were sig-nificantly decreased.Conclusion FAR retards the process of myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats by down-regulating the expression of CTGF,reducing the syn-thesis and depositions of collagen type I and collagen type Ⅲ.

Objective To investigate effect of sitagliptin ( SIT) on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS) and nitric oxide ( NO) in type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Methods 30 rats were randomly divided into normal group (NC group), diabetic nephropathy group (DN group) and sitagliptin treatment group (SIT group).The type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats were induced by a high fat diet (HFD) plus repeated low dose streptozocin (STZ) injections.At the end of the 12th week in treatment,there were 6 rats in each group, the NO level was determined by Griess method.mRNA levels of iNOS RT-PCR was detect ed by.The expression of iNOS protein was detected by western blot and immunohistochemical method. ResuIts Compared with the NC group, the expression of iNOS and NO of DN group increased significantly.However, compared with DN group, the expression of iNOS and NO of SIT group decreased significantly.ConcIusion SIT can decrease the expression of iNOS and NO, which implies SIT may protect the type 2 diabetic kidney.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage failure of the kidney, but the efficacy of currently available strategies for the prevention of DN remains unsatisfactory. In this study, we investigated the effects of free anthraquinones (FARs) extract, which was extracted from the rhubarb and purified by macroporous resin DM130 with gradient mixtures of ethanol/water as the lelution solvents, in high glucose-cultured glomerular mesangial cells (MCs). The cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8 assay, the levels of TGF-beta1, CTGF, ColIV and FN proteins in the supernatant of MCs were measured by ELISA assays, and the mRNA levels of these four genes were detected by RT-PCR. The results showed that the increased proliferation of MCs, the mRNA levels and protein expression of TGF-beta1, CTGF, ColIV and FN induced by high glucose were inhibited after the treatment with the FARs extract. This indicated that FARs extract could inhibit cell proliferation and the expression of main extracellular matrix induced by high glucose in MCs. The FARs extract exhibited potential values for prophylaxis and therapy of DN.
Anthraquinones* ; Cell Proliferation* ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Extracellular Matrix* ; Glucose* ; Kidney ; Mesangial Cells ; Rheum* ; RNA, Messenger ; Sincalide ; Solvents ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1