Dendrobium officinale is a Chinese herbal medicine with the same origin as medicine and food,and it is commonly used in making soup and tonic diet,etc.Dendrobium officinale and its compound preparations are widely used in clinical practice.This article used keywords such as"Dendrobium officinale"and"clinical"to search for relevant literature on clinical research on Dendrobium officinale in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed and other databases over the past 10 years.It is found that Dendrobium officinale and its compound preparations were mainly used in the treatment of internal medicine(such as chronic gastritis,diabetes,bronchitis,hypertension,coronary heart disease,etc.),surgery,gynecology,pediatrics,ophthalmology and other diseases,and had good clinical effects.It is a Chinese herbal medicine with the development value.This article provides a comprehensive and systematic summary and analysis of the clinical application of Dendrobium officinale,aiming to provide reference for its rational clinical application and further development and research.

Yuebawei refers to 8 kinds of genuine medicinal materials in south China area，namely Citri Grandis Exocarpium， Citrus reticulata， Amomum villosum， Pogostemon cablin， Morinda officinalis， Aquilaria sinensis， Citrus medica and Polygonum multiflorum. The results of this review show that， the pharmacological effects of Yuebawei are very extensive. It has significant effects in relieving cough and phlegm， anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory， enhancing immunity， anti-oxidation， antidepressant， immune regulation and regulating gastrointestinal function. Its development and application prospects are broad， but most of the existing pharmacological studies stay on pharmacodynamic studies. In the aspect of the safety research of Yuebawei， there are few studies on the safety of other medicinal materials， except for the liver toxicity of P. multiflorum； at the same time， there are few comparative studies on the therapeutic advantages of Yuebawei and other local medicinal materials in clinical application. It is necessary to strengthen the research on the material basis of pharmacological action mechanism， and safety and efficacy observation of clinical medication for Yuebawei， so as to provide scientific basis for the development of new drugs and clinical promotion and application of Yuebawei.

Rutin,a flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables,is a potential anticancer compound with strong anti-cancer activity.Therefore,electrochemical sensor was developed for the detection of rutin.In this study,CoWO4 nanosheets were synthesized via a hydrothermal method,and porous carbon(PC)was prepared via high-temperature pyrolysis.Successful preparation of the materials was confirmed,and character-ization was performed by transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.A mixture of PC and CoWO4 nanosheets was used as an electrode modifier to fabricate the electrochemical sensor for the electrochemical determination of rutin.The 3D CoWO4 nanosheets exhibited high electrocatalytic activity and good stability.PC has a high surface-to-volume ratio and superior conductivity.Moreover,the hydrophobicity of PC allows large amounts of rutin to be adsorbed,thereby increasing the concentration of rutin at the electrode surface.Owing to the syn-ergistic effect of the 3D CoWO4 nanosheets and PC,the developed electrochemical sensor was employed to quantitively determine rutin with high stability and sensitivity.The sensor showed a good linear range(5-5000 ng/mL)with a detection limit of O.45 ng/mL.The developed sensor was successfully applied to the determination of rutin in crushed tablets and human serum samples.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate improvement effect of external administration of water extract from Eriocarpous Glochidion on chronic dermatitis-eczema model mice, and to provide reference for developing new dermatological drug. METHODS:A total of 60 mice were randomly divided into blank group (distilled water), model group (distilled water), compound triamcinolone acetonide acetate group (positive control group, original liquid) , high-concentration, medium-concentration and low-concentration groups of water extract from Eriocarpous Glochidion(2.0,1.0,0.5 g/mL,calculated by crude drug),10 mice in each group. Except for blank group,other groups were given 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene to induce chronic dermatitis-eczema model. Since the third day of the experiment,two sides of right ears of the mice were given relevant medicine twice at 7:00 and 15:00,15 μL each time,for consecutive 12 d. In the tenth,thirteenth,sixteenth day of the experiment,the difference of thickness of right ears of the mice was calculated(the difference value before experiment),the times of scratching in ear of mice were recorded within 30 min. In sixteenth day of the experiment,ear swelling degree of mice was determined,and thymus index and spleen index in mice were calculated. Optical microscope was used to observe the pathological changes of ear tissues of mice. RESULTS:Compared with blank group,the difference of thickness of right ears,ear swelling degree,spleen index and scratching times were increased significantly in model group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The epidermis of the ear tissue was thickened,the cell proliferation was obvious,and cavernous edema was found in the epidermis. Compared with model group,other indexes in were decreased significantly,except that the difference value of thickness of right ears in sixteenth day of the experiment,scratching times in ninth and fifteenth day of the experiment were decreased slightly in low-concentration group of water extract from Eriocarpous Glochidion and the thymus index and spleen index in medium-concentration, low-concentration groups of water extract from Eriocarpous Glochidion (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The pathological changes of ear tissue were improved in administration groups to certain extent. CONCLUSIONS:External administration of water extract of Eriocarpous Glochidion has good improvement effect against chronic dermatitis-eczema in mice, which is worthy of further development and investigation.

Objective: To study the antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Yinhaojiere mixture and the antipyretic effect of Ilex asprella. Methods: The experiments of mice ear edma induced by xylene, the increase of capillary permeability by acetic acid and the sterilized cotton caused rat groin granulation tissue hyperplasia were used to study the anti-inflammatory effect of Yinhao-jiere mixture; the hot-plate tests and the acetic acid writhing test were applied to research the analgesic effect of Yinhaojiere mixture. In addition, the dry yeast induced fever in rats was employed to explore the efficacy of antipyretic agents in Yinhaojiere mixture and Ilex asprella water extract. Results: Yinhaojiere mixture could obviously inhibit the inflammation of the peritoneal cavity of mice ( P <0. 05). The inhibition of Yinhaojiere mixture against ear swelling induced by p-xylene was significant. Yinhaojiere mixture could sig-nificantly increase the pain threshold. Especially, Yinhaojiere mixture had significant antipyretic effect (P<0. 05). In the anti-inflam-matory, analgesic and antipyretic experimetns, there were no significant differences between the middle and high dose groups of Yinha-ojiere mixture and indomethacin group (P>0. 05). Conclusion: Yinhaojiere mixture with the Ilex asprella as the main ingredient has notable anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects, and Ilex asprella exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic effects, and its anti-pyretic effect is more significant.

Objective To investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of diuretic mixture and its bacteriostasis effect in vitro,and to provide scientific basis for clinical application.Methods Ear swelling test induced by xylene,twisting reaction test induced by acetic acid,capillary permeability increase in abdominal cavity of mice induced by acetic acid,and pain test induced by formalin were used to observe the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of diuretic mixture at high,middle and low doses (crude drug 18.0,9.0,and 4.5 g/kg).Bacteriostatic activities of diuretic mixture were tested by K-B paper disc diffusion method.Results Diuretic mixture alleviated ear edema in mouse model at high dose (P ＜ 0.01).Diuretic mixture at high,middle,and low dose could effectively decrease the twisting reaction (P ＜ 0.01),inhibit capillary permeability (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and ease the ache degree of mice induced by formalin in the first phase (P ＜ 0.01),but there was no significant difference in the degree of pain intensity of phase Ⅱ.The inhibitory rates of diuretic mixture on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were 95.04％ and 37.44％,respectively.Conclusion Diuretic mixture has significant effects on analgesia and anti-inflammation and against S.aureus and E.coli in vitro.

Referred to books and literatures, the data were summarized and analyzed, and compared with western medicine phar-maceutical service to find the current problems in traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM) pharmaceutical service. According to the prob-lems and characteristics of TCM pharmaceutical service, and based on the theoretical characteristics of Chinese medicine, some sugges-tions for the development of TCM pharmaceutical service were proposed.

Objective:To study the effects of compound preparation of Fanshiliu on lipid metabolism and pancreatic pathological changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)rats with insulin resistance. Methods:After fed with high-calorie food for 8 weeks,the rats received intraperitoneal injection with low dose of streptozotocin(STZ)to induce T2DM animal model,and then the rats were randomly divided into the model group,metformin group,high and low dose group of compound preparation of Fanshiliu. The normal group was given ordinary feed. The rats were sacrified after intragastric administration for six weeks,and fasted for 12 hours after the last administration. The lipid and lipoprotein indices were detected,and pathological morphology of pancreatic tissue was observed. Results:Compared with those in the model group,TC,TG,LDL-C and FFA in each treatment group were reduced,and HDL-C was increased(P < 0. 05). Fanshiliu high dose group and metformin group had obvious hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects. The results of pathological morphology of pancreatic tissue under a light microscope showed that the damage was the most obvious in the model group. Compound preparation of Fanshiliu groups and metformin group showed damage in varying degrees. Conclusion:Fanshiliu preparation can effectively adjust blood lipid levels,enhance the insulin sensitivity and reduce damage in pancreas in T2DM rats.

Objective:To discuss the importance and significance of training base establishment for clinical pharmacy of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM) . Methods:The urgency and necessity of training base establishment for TCM clinical pharmacy was stated based on the status and problems of TCM clinical pharmacy, and the important significance of training base establishment of TCM clini-cal pharmacy was clearly put forward. Results:The establishment of TCM clinical pharmacy training base with the aim of training pro-fessional talents for TCM clinical pharmacy can provide clinical pharmaceutical care for patients with higher quality, which surely will promote the development of TCM clinical pharmacy and the pharmaceutical care level. Conclusion:It is extremely urgent and signifi-cant to set up TCM clinical pharmacy training base, which is the important topic needed to be solved in TCM clinical pharmacy work.

Objective To observe the effects of Xifeng Tongnao capsules on the content of TNF-α and IL-1β in brain tissue of rats with focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods A total of 120 adult SD rats were randomized into 6 groups: Xifeng Tongnao low-, middle- and high-dose groups, model control group, Buchang Naoxintong group and sham-operated group.Buchang Naoxintong group were treated with Buchang Naoxintong capsules at 0.864 g??kg-1.Xifeng Tongnao high-, middle-and low-dose groups were treated with 3.456, 1.728, and 0.864 g??kg-1 Xifeng Tongnao capsules, respectively;sham-operated group and model control group were treated with equal volume of purified water. Medications were administered intragastrically once daily for 7 days. The acute transient focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion ( MCAO) 1 h after the final dose, and rats in the sham-operated group only received anesthesia and stripping without occlusion.All rats were sacrificed after reperfusion for 24 h, and expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the brain tissue were detected by ELISA. Results TNF-αcontent in Xifeng Tongnao capsutes low-, middle-and high-dose groups were (35.34±8.95), (33.75±6.92), and (40.95±5.39) ng??L-1, respectively.IL-1β content were (1.44±0.47), (1.45± 0.23), and (1.61±0.33) ng??L-1 in low-, middle- and high-dose groups, respectively.TNF-α and IL-1β were (38.96±9.84) and (1.56±0.31) ng??L-1, respectively in Buchang Naoxintong group, (52.74±6.76) and (2.79±0.45) ng??L-1in the model control group, and (32.54±4.00) and (1.32±0.22) ng??L-1 in sham-operated group.TNF-αand IL-1βcontent were significantly higher in Buchang Naoxintong group than in sham-operated group ( P<0. 05 ) . TNF-α and IL-1β content were significantly decreased in Xifeng Tongnao high-, middle- and low-dose groups (all P<0.05). Conclusion Xifeng Tongnao capsules can protect brain tissue by supressing TNF-α and IL-1β and alleviating inflammatory injury from ischemia.