ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between general anesthesia and mild cognitive impairment in older adults so as to provide new ideas for early prevention and timely intervention of mild cognitive impairment（MCI）. MethodsBased on the baseline survey of the Hubei memory and aging cohort study（2018-2023）， the participants completed a thorough neuropsychological assessment and physical examination， and self-reported a history of general anesthesia and surgery. The association of general anesthesia and MCI in the elderly was analyzed using the logistic regression model. In addition， the stratification and interaction analysis of anesthesia history， anesthesia number and physical intellectual exercise were conducted separately. ResultsA total of 5 069 older adults aged 65 and above were included in this study， including 3 692 city dwellers and 1 377 rural people， among whom were 2 584 women （51%）. Out of the 1 472 participants with history of general anesthesia， 249 people （17.4%） had MCI. After controlling for confounding factors， there was a 39.6% increased risk of MCI in older adults who underwent general anesthesia ［OR=1.396，95%CI（1.169，1.668），P<0.001］， suggesting that general anesthesia may be an independent influence on MCI. For the older adults who had one general anesthesia ［OR=1.235，95%CI（1.001，1.523），P=0.049］， two general anesthesia ［OR=1.779，95%CI （1.292，2.450），P<0.001］， and three OR more general anesthesia ［OR=2.395，95%CI （1.589，3.610），P<0.001］， their risks of MCI were increased by 23.5%， 77.9%， and 139.5%， respectively. Compared with the older adults without a history of general anesthesia who did not exercise， the risk of developing MCI was significantly negatively correlated with the exercise group， cognitive exercise group， and combined exercise and cognitive exercise groups （all P<0.001）. The risk of developing MCI in the exercise group was 60.2% of that in the no exercise group ［OR = 0.602， 95% CI（0.456， 0.795）］， the risk in the cognitive exercise group was 42.4% of that in the no exercise group ［OR = 0.424， 95% CI（0.294， 0.613）］， and the risk in the combined exercise and cognitive exercise group was 27.0% of that in the no exercise group ［OR = 0.270， 95% CI （0.208， 0.353）］. In the older adults with a history of general anesthesia， compared with the no exercise group， the risk of developing MCI was significantly negatively correlated with the cognitive exercise group and the combined exercise and cognitive exercise group （all P < 0.05）. The risk of developing MCI in the cognitive exercise group was 47.7% of that in the no exercise group ［OR=0.477， 95% CI （0.256，0.892）］， the risk in the combined exercise and cognitive exercise group was 34.5% of that in the no exercise group ［OR=0.345， 95% CI （0.220， 0.540）］， while the risk in the exercise-only group did not show a significant difference. ConclusionThe risk of MCI increased significantly in older adults with a history of general anesthesia， and this risk increased with the times of anesthesia. Physical and mental exercise reduces the risk of MCI. it is recommended that older adults with a history of anesthesia incorporate physical and mental exercise into their daily lives to prevent mild cognitive impairment.

Autonomic nervous system dysfunction is one of the most common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson disease（PD）， and orthostatic hypotension（OH） is one of the common features of autonomic nervous system dysfunction. OH and cognitive impairment are the most common non-motor symptoms of PD and can run through the whole course of the disease， and it remains unclear whether there is an association between these two non-motor symptoms. At present， a large number of studies have been conducted on the association between PD-OH and cognitive impairment abroad， but there are few similar studies in China. Therefore， this article summarizes the association between cognitive impairment and OH in PD， in order to provide a reference for the pathogenesis， treatment， and prevention of cognitive impairment in PD and brings new ideas for the treatment of cognitive impairment in PD.
Parkinson disease ; Dementia

Objective To study the effects of Danggui-Chuanxiong herb pair medicine on vasoactive substances,adhesion factors,inflammatory factors,and VEGF-PI3K-AKT/NF-κB signaling pathways,in order to elucidate the mechanism of Danggui-Chuanxiong herb pair on the treatment of ischemic stroke(IS).Methods The oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R)model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC)was constructed,and the cell viability was detected by cell proliferation kit(CCK-8 method)to explore the optimal modeling time of seven components;The release of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)was detected by cytotoxicity kit;The expression of related cytokines was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);The mRNA expression of key proteins in the signaling pathway was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Reoxygenation after 6 h of oxygen-glucose deprivation of HUVEC is the best modeling time.High-dose chlorogenic acid group,ferulic acid group,senkyunolide H,low-dose and medium-dose butylidenephthalide group,medium-dose and high-dose senkyunolide A and ligustilide groups significantly decreased LDH leakage rate(P<0.05,P<0.01);The expression of IL-6 in the cells of the partial dose group of chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,butenylphthalide,senkyunolide H and senkyunolide A was significantly increased,the expression of IL-1 in the cells of the partial dose group of chlorogenic acid,ferulic acid and senkyunolide A was significantly decreased,the expression of VEGF,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the cells of the partial dose group of chlorogenic acid,ferulic acid and senkyunolide H was significantly decreased,the expression of NF-κB in the cells of the partial dose group of chlorogenic acid,ferulic acid,senkyunolide H and ligustilide was significantly decreased,the expression of PAI-1 in the cells of ferulic acid and senkyunolide H partial dose group decreased significantly(P<0.05,P<0.01);The mRNA relative expression levels of ERK,VEGF,NF-κB,VEGFR2 and MMP9 were significantly down-regulated in the cells of chlorogenic acid,ferulic acid,caffeic acid,butylidenephthalide and senkyunolide A partial dose group,while the mRNA relative expression levels of AKT were significantly up-regulated in the cells of senkyunolide H and senkyunolide A partial dose groups(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion The medicinal components of Danggui-Chuanxiong herb pair may play a role in IS by inhibiting the mRNA expression of adhesion factor,inflammatory factor and key protein of VEGF-PI3K-AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in HUVEC.

OBJECTIVE To establish H PLC fingerprint of Rheum palmatum before and after steaming with wine ，and to determine the contents of 3 differential components. METHODS HPLC method was used to establish the fingerprints of 15 batches of R. palmatum （before wine-steaming ）and prepared rhubarb （after wine-steaming ）and the similarity evaluation was conducted. The chemical pattern recognition analysis was carried out by principal component analysis ，cluster analysis ，partial least squares- discriminant analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis. The contents of gallic acid ，resveratrol-4′-O- glucoside and resveratrol- 4′-O-（6″-galloyl）-glucoside in 30 batches of samples were determined. RESULTS In the fingerprint study，48 common peaks were demarcated for R. palmatum and 47 for prepared rhubarb as well as 17 common peaks were identified by reference substance. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed that R. palmatum derived from Qinghai before and after steaming with wine could be distinguished from those from Sichuan and Gansu. The results of content determination showed that the contents of 3 differential components in R. palmatum derived from Qinghai before and after steaming with wine were higher than those from other two production areas ；the contents of gallic acid in prepared rhubarb derived from those production areas were higher than R. palmatum ；the contents of resveratrol- 4′-O-glucoside and resveratrol- 4′-O- （6″-galloyl）-glucoside in R. palmatum derived from those production areas were higher than prepared rhubarb. CONCLUSIONS Fingerprint and content determination method established in this study can quickly ，scientifically and accurately evaluate the quality of R. palmatum from different producing areas before and after wine steaming ，which provide a basis for the processing specification and quality control of R. palmatum .

Objective:To investigate the effect of miR-150 gene deletion on the breeding and hematologic parameters of mice. Methods:The nest litter size,wean rate and weight changes of miR-150 knock out (miR-150ko) and C57BL/6J mice were com-pared. The hematology indexes were analyzed by automated blood cell counter, the serum biochemical parameters were analyzed by automatic biochemical analyzer. Results:The nest litter size and wean rate of miR-150ko mice were significantly decreased compared with that of C57BL/6J mice. The number of total white blood cells,intermediate cells,neutrophils,and the percentage of neutrophils and intermediate cells were significantly increased in miR-150ko mice compared with that of C57BL/6J mice. However,the number and per-centage of platelets and lymphocytes decreased significantly in miR-150ko mice. In addition,the levels of serum glucose and TC were in-creased significantly in miR-150ko mice compared with that of C57BL/6J mice. Conclusion: miR-150 gene deletion impairs the breeding and has complex impact on hematologic parameters of mice.

Objective To investigate the effect of health education on the willingness and knowledge about cervical examinations among fertile women.Methods Eight hundred fertile women visiting our hospitals for cervical examinations during January 2006 and December 2009 were managed with health education.Their willingness and knowledge about cervical examinations after the health education were compared with those before the education.Results The rate of willingness to take cervical examinations after the health education was significantly improved,compared to pre-health education(P<0.05).The scores on the knowledge about cervical cancer,impotence for health education,preventive method and regular cervical examinations after health education were all significantly improved compared to pre-education(all P<0.05).Conclusions Health education may significantly improve the willingness and knowledge about the cervical examinations among the fertile women.During health education,we should attach importance to the groups of high risks and adopt individualized and practical interventional strategies.

Objective To investigate the change of serum nitric oxide ( NO ) in premature rupture of membrane (PROM) and its clinical significance, so as to assess the role of NO in the mechanism of PROM . Method The serum NO in 40 advanced stage pregnant women,28 premature delivery PROM,40 unknown reason term pregnancy PROM ,40 term pregnancy ,40 term labor were detected and compared. Results The serum NO was higher in unknown reason term pregnancy PROM [(95.364±3.562) (u)ol/L] than that in term pregnancy [(75.020±3.416)(u)ol/L] and term labor [(31.457±3.859)(u)ol/L](P<0.01). The serum NO was higher in premature delivery PROM [(101.256±3.124)(u)ol/L] than that in advanced stage pregnant women [(80.363±5.112)(u)ol/L] (P<0.0l),but similar with unknown reason term pregnancy PROM (P = 0.086). Conclusions The serum NO in PROM of term pregnancy significantly is higher than that of advanced stage and term labor women,indicates PROM relating to the increase of NO level. Because the increase of NO links to infection,it suggests that PROM relate closely to the amniotic infection.