Animals ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Macaca mulatta ; COVID-19/prevention & control* ; Antibodies, Viral ; Vaccines

OBJECTIVE: To investigate enterovirus 71 (EV71)-induced of autophagy, apoptosis and the related signaling pathways in THP-1 macrophages. METHODS: THP-1 macrophages were infected with EV71 at the multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1 for 2, 8 or 16 h, and the cell proliferation and toxicity were analyzed using CCK-8 kit. The intracellular viral nucleic acid in THP-1 macrophages were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the ultrastructural changes of the cells were observed using transmission electron microscopy. Cell apoptosis induced by EV71 infection was detected using Hoechst 33342 staining and AnnexinV/PI double staining. Western blotting was performed for analysis of changes in autophagy and apoptosis of the cells and in the expressions of the related proteins. The effect of EV71 infection on apoptosis of THP-1 macrophages incubated with 3-MA and Ac-DEVD-CHO inhibitor for 2 h was assessed using Western blotting. RESULTS: EV71 infection significantly lowered the cell survival rate of THP-1 macrophages at 2, 8 h and 16 h after the infection ( < 0.05). The total copy number of viral nucleic acid in THP-1 macrophages incubated with EV71 increased significantly and progressively over time ( < 0.01). Intracellular autophagosomes and virions could be seen in EV71-infected THP-1 macrophages. The total apoptotic rate of the infected cell also increased significantly over time ( < 0.01). EV71 infection significantly increased LC3 conversion (LC3-Ⅱ/ LC3-I) and the expression of cleaved caspase 3 protein and decreased the protein expressions of p62, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 ( < 0.01) without causing obvious changes in cleaved caspase-8 (>0.05). 3-MA significantly inhibited the EV71-induced autophagy of THP-1 macrophages and reduced LC3 conversion (LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-I) and p62 protein expression at 8 h after EV71 infection ( < 0.01). Compared with DMSO, Ac-DEVD-CHO significantly inhibited EV71-induced apoptosis of THP-1 macrophages (15.5% 7.7%, < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS EV71 not only can infect and replicate in THP-1 macrophages, but also induces autophagy and cell apoptosis possibly by activating LC3/p62 autophagy pathway and caspase apoptosis pathway.
Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; Cell Line ; Enterovirus A, Human ; Humans ; Macrophages

A 56-year-old female was admitted to the Department of Rheumatology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital with complaint of recurrent fever and acute lumbar pain.Fever was complicated with malaise,cough and occasional blood-streaked sputum.Lab tests showed elevated white blood cell count,increased serum creatinine,erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein.Other lab findings included severe anemia,hematuria,and proteinuria.Immunological examinations were positive for antinuclear antibodies,antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and antiglomerular basement membrane antibody.Ultrasonography and CT scan detected a huge spontaneous perirenal hematoma at right side.Angiography revealed multiple microaneurysms on bilateral renal arteries and branches.A diagnosis of systemic vasculitis was suggested.Under the combination therapy of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide,the patient presented sustained remission for one year.This case indicates that prompt and sufficient treatment of primary disease is essential to a promising outcome.

Objective To investigate the impact of multi-b-value on texture features of DWI in liver cirrhosis.Methods DWI manifestations of liver cirrhosis in 37 patients were analyzed retrospectively,and DWI of 27 healthy volunteers (control group) were enrolled as controls.The b values were set as 0,20,50,100,200,400,800,1 000,1 200 and 1500 s/mm2,respectively.Three ROIs at different levels of every set image were selected,and 37 texture features within these ROIs were extracted.Unstable texture features affected by different b-values were screened with the percent coefficient of variation (％COV),and the fitting degree between the unstable texture features and b values were analyzed with exponential fitting.Results Among 37 texture features,20 (20/37,54.05 ％) were unstable.With the increase of b values,exponential upward trend was found in 10 texture features,exponential downward trend was found in 4 texture features,and the relative trends could not be defined in other 6 unstable texture features.Conclusion The b values of DWI impact the texture features in liver cirrhosis.Correlations exist among some texture features and b values.

Coloring Agents ; Diagnostic Uses of Chemicals ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Esophagoscopy ; Esophagus ; pathology ; Humans ; Iodine

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features of hepatic follicular dentritic cell sarcoma (FDCS).MethodsClinical data of a patient with hepatic FDCS treated in Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University in 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. The informed consent of the patient was obtained and the local ethical committee approval had been received. The patient, female, 49-year-old, was admitted to the hospital for the complaint of abdominal pain for 1 month . A 12 cm×12 cm in diameter, hard, poor activity tumor was found below xiphoid by physical examination. Abdominal tenderness was positive and laboratory examinations were essentially normal. CT scan showed a 20 cm in diameter solid lesion in the left lobe of liver. The tumor was observed irregularly enhanced in the arterial phase by enhanced CT scan. The enhancement faded away in the delayed phase, and the tumor revealed a low-density lesion. The initial diagnosis was primary liver cancer.ResultsAfter an active preoperative preparation, the patient underwent left lobectomy under endotracheal general anesthesia on August 31, 2004. A tough tumor measuring 23 cm×20 cm in diameter was found in the left lobe of liver during the surgery. Nodule foci were found beside the tumor and no obvious metastasis was found within the abdomen, pelvic cavity and peritonium. Postoperative pathological examination indicated inlfammatory pseudotumor FDCS and Immunohistochemistry indicated positive CD21, CD23, CD35 and vimentin (VIM). Tumor recurrence and matastasis were observed in the liver, abdomen cavity and chest wall etc. repeatedly and was resected during 2006 to 2014. The patient is currently in stable condition and no recurrence or metastasis was observed during regular follow-up till submission date. ConclusionsHepatic FDCS is a very rare disease. The diagnosis relies on the results of pathological examination. Surgical resection is a reliable treatment and the prognosis is favorable.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of spermatozoa from different sources on normal fertilization of oocytes, embryo quality and embryo developmental potential in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was conducted among 197 patients undergoing ICSI cycles in our center. The patients were classified into 3 groups according to the sources of semen, namely ejaculated spermatozoa group (n=102), percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) group (n=68), and testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) group (n=27). The ejaculated spermatozoa group was further classified into oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (n=67) and cryptozoospermia (n=35) subgroups. The normal fertilization, high-quality embryo, implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were compared among the groups; the rate of high-quality blastocyst formation in in-vitro culture of non-top quality embryos was also observed.

RESULTSThe patients with PESA showed significantly higher normal fertilization rate (75.6%) than those in oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (64.8%), cryptozoospermia (62.1%), and TESA (61.6%) groups (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the high-quality embryo, implantation, and clinical pregnancy rates among the groups (P>0.05). The rate of high-quality blastocyst formation in the in-vitro culture of non-top quality embryos was also comparable among the groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONAlthough spermatozoa obtained with by PESA is associated with a higher normal fertilization rate, the sources of spermatozoa do not significantly affect the embryonic quality and developmental potential in ICSI cycles.

Asthenozoospermia ; Embryo Implantation ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Male ; Oligospermia ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Semen ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Sperm Retrieval ; Spermatozoa

Objective To evaluate the impact of spermatozoa from different sources on normal fertilization of oocytes, embryo quality and embryo developmental potential in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted among 197 patients undergoing ICSI cycles in our center. The patients were classified into 3 groups according to the sources of semen, namely ejaculated spermatozoa group (n=102), percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) group (n=68), and testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) group (n=27). The ejaculated spermatozoa group was further classified into oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (n=67) and cryptozoospermia (n=35) subgroups. The normal fertilization, high-quality embryo, implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were compared among the groups; the rate of high-quality blastocyst formation in in-vitro culture of non-top quality embryos was also observed. Results The patients with PESA showed significantly higher normal fertilization rate (75.6%) than those in oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (64.8%), cryptozoospermia (62.1%), and TESA (61.6%) groups (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the high-quality embryo, implantation, and clinical pregnancy rates among the groups (P>0.05). The rate of high-quality blastocyst formation in the in-vitro culture of non-top quality embryos was also comparable among the groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Although spermatozoa obtained with by PESA is associated with a higher normal fertilization rate, the sources of spermatozoa do not significantly affect the embryonic quality and developmental potential in ICSI cycles.

Objective To evaluate the impact of spermatozoa from different sources on normal fertilization of oocytes, embryo quality and embryo developmental potential in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted among 197 patients undergoing ICSI cycles in our center. The patients were classified into 3 groups according to the sources of semen, namely ejaculated spermatozoa group (n=102), percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) group (n=68), and testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) group (n=27). The ejaculated spermatozoa group was further classified into oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (n=67) and cryptozoospermia (n=35) subgroups. The normal fertilization, high-quality embryo, implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were compared among the groups; the rate of high-quality blastocyst formation in in-vitro culture of non-top quality embryos was also observed. Results The patients with PESA showed significantly higher normal fertilization rate (75.6%) than those in oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (64.8%), cryptozoospermia (62.1%), and TESA (61.6%) groups (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the high-quality embryo, implantation, and clinical pregnancy rates among the groups (P>0.05). The rate of high-quality blastocyst formation in the in-vitro culture of non-top quality embryos was also comparable among the groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Although spermatozoa obtained with by PESA is associated with a higher normal fertilization rate, the sources of spermatozoa do not significantly affect the embryonic quality and developmental potential in ICSI cycles.

Modeling vocal-fold vibration is extremely significant in realizing the vibration properties of human vocal folds and investigating their physiological and pathological characteristics. A combined model presented is two mass-finite element (T-F) model, which integrates all merits of both the finite element method (FEM) model and the asymmetric two-mass model of vocal folds. The high-speed glottis graph (HGG) can also be synthesized by the model. The result shows that T-F model can simulate the vibration behavior of normal and pathological vocal folds in a more realistic way with competitively computational speed. Therefore, the T-F model is helpful to gaining a thorough understanding of the vibration properties of vocal folds.
Computer Simulation ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Speech ; physiology ; Vibration ; Video Recording ; instrumentation ; Vocal Cord Paralysis ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Vocal Cords ; physiology