Chaihu Shugansan is a representative prescription for soothing the liver and relieving depression in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). Chaihu Shugansan is from Jingyue Quanshu.Chaihu Shugansan has been widely used in clinic since Ming dynasty because of its exact curative effect.Chaihu Shugansan has the effect in soothing the liver and relieving depression through multiple components, multiple ways and multiple targets.At present, the mechanism of Chaihu Shugansan has been interpreted based on its multiple effect on neurotransmitters, cytokines, neuronal injury signal pathways, neuroendocrine, oxidative stress and so on.This paper summarizes the progress of clinical studies on source, pharmacology of single herbs and effective components of Chaihu Shugansan, in aspects of cardiovascular system, neuropsychiatric system, digestive system, reproduction-related systems, analyses and summarizes relevant literatures of Chaihu Shugansan published in recent years, and discusses about current development and shortcomings of Chaihu Shugansan, so as to provide ideas for the studies in the future.Beneficial explorations will be conducted in large-sample-size, standardized, clinical and experimental mutual verification.In proteomics research technology, network pharmacology, supramolecular theory of TCM and other fields, Chaihu Shugansan and liver depression syndrome will be organically connected from the microscopic perspective.And comprehensive studies will be conduct to TCM, metabonomics, proteomics, genomics and other disciplines, in order to clarify Chaihu Shugansan prescriptions, syndromes, therapeutics and its mechanism.

Objective To explore the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)in rat hearts with experimental autoimmune myocarditis(EAM)and the possible mechanism of resveratrol's therapeutic effect.Methods Experimental myocarditis model was established by using porcine myocardial immunoglobulin. Twenty-four male 6-week-old Lewis rats were randomly divided into control group(Con),EAM model group(MC) and resveratrol treatment group(MC+ Res).All the rats were detected and compared in the cardiac function according to echocardiographic analysis,and the expression of MIF was detected by Western blot.The degree of myocardial injury was detected by HE staining and the degree of macrophage infiltration in the myocardium was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results In control group,there was no significant inflammatory infiltration or myocardial injury in the myocardium.Heavy local infiltration of macrophages,and dissolved and fractured myocardial fibers were observed in model group.Resveratrol significantly decreased macrophage density and myocardial injury in the heart(P＜ 0.05).Compared with those in control group,LVEDs were significantly increased(P＜0.01)while LVEF and LVFS were markedly decreased in model group(P＜0.01).Compared with model group,LVEDs were significantly decreased(P＜0.05)while LVEF and LVFS were markedly increased in resveratrol group(P＜0.05).The protein expression of MIF was markedly increased in rats of model group(P＜0.01),but was decreased in resveratrol group compared with model groups(P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Increased expression of MIF may be involved in the pathogenesis of EAM.The therapeutic effect of resveratrol on EAM may be associated with down-regulated MIF expression and decreased macrophage infiltration.

OBJECTIVETo observe the distribution of the pre-cancerous condition and pathological changes of esophageal cancer of the community residents in high-incidence area, and to provide etiological evidences for secondary prevention.

METHODSAn iodine-staining endoscope census was conducted in 9536 residents with high-risk factors at Feicheng, a high esophageal cancer incidence community in Shandong province. Of which, 1507 pathologic biopsies were performed and chi2 test administrated.

RESULTSThere was no statistical significance found in biopsy pathologic diagnosis between females and males among 1507 samples. The mild and medium atypical hyperplasia was taken as pre-cancerous condition and severe atypical hyperplasia was taken as pre-cancerous lesion. Taking all the population attending census as denominator, the detection rate of the precancerous state and precancerous lesion were 6.98% (294/4214) and 1.23% (52/4214) for the males, and 3.68% (196/5322) and 0.47% (25/5322) for the females, respectively. A statistical significance was observed when comparing males with females (chi2 were 52.349 and 15.267, respectively, P < 0.05). Analyzed by age group, severe atypical hyperplasia pathological changes were mainly distributed in the age group of 50- and 65-. The constituent ratio between 45 - and 50 - was the highest for CIS. Early carcinoma was mainly distributed in five age groups from 45- to 65-. It showed that high incidence town had a high detection rate of cancer and pathological changes of esophageal cancer in the analysis of urban and rural distribution.

CONCLUSIONThe distribution of the pre-cancerous state and pathological changes of esophageal cancer of the residents should have provided a scientific basis for the primary and secondary prevention.

Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Community Health Services ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Precancerous Conditions ; epidemiology ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Preventive Health Services

OBJECTIVETo investigate the risk factors related to the esophageal squamous cell cancer in Feicheng county in Shandong province.

METHODSA case-control study was carried out in Feicheng county. There were two parts consisted in the cases. 253 cases, aged from 40 to 69 years old, were recruited from the screened endoscopic survey program from January 2004 to December 2006. The other part of cases was recruited from the people's Hospital of Feicheng city. 8159 subjects whose had normal endoscope test result were recruited as the control group. Besides cardiograph and ventral ultrasound examination the screening program also included an endoscope test during which mucosal stain with 1.2% iodine solution. The biopsies were taken from the screen and underwent pathologic evaluation by two pathologists; A self-administrative questionnaire survey was conducted in all the subjects to collect information about smoking, alcohol consumption and dietary. The binary Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee and the study was conducted with the informed consents of all the study subjects.

RESULTSThere were 235 esophageal cancers cases (70 identified in screening program, 183 were hospitalized patients) and 8159 controls in the case-control study. Three potential confounders were detected after univariate analysis. After adjusted the three confounders, age, sex and education, we found, smoking, alcohol drinking were the top ranked risk factors for esophageal cancer. When combing smoking and alcohol drinking, the or was 2.73 (95% CI: 1.54 - 4.82) for male, and the proportional attribute relative risk was 51.47%. We also observed that more dietary cellulose and vitamin C intake have protective effects.

CONCLUSIONSmoking and alcohol drinking could increase the risk of esophageal cancer, and taking more dietary cellulose and vitamin C might decrease the risk.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective　To analyze the clinicopathological features of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE). Methods　The pathological specimens of 7 cases of ALHE collected in our department from 1950 to 1999 were sectioned, stained and observed. Results　There were 3 pathological characteristics in ALHE: ①massive hyperplasia of capillaries in the dermis; ②the endothelial cells proliferated and swelled, projecting into vascular cavity like tombstones; ③mixed infiltration of lymphocytes and eosinocytes in the vessels. Conclusion　ALHE is a disease with local benign proliferated vessels, whose etiology and pathogenesis is still unknown. It is necessary to grasp the pathological changes of ALHE to distinguish it from other diseases.