Objective: To analyze the clinical risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) in very premature infants and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of BPD in order to improve the prognosis of premature infants. Methods: From January 2015 to December 2017, 263 very premature infants(referring to premature infants with gestational age between 28 weeks and 32 weeks) in the neonatology department of the Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University were selected.They were divided into BPD group(108 cases) and non-BPD group(155 cases) according to the diagnostic criteria of BPD.The clinical data of the patients and the hospitalized patients were retrospectively investigated.The general conditions of the very premature infants in the two groups were compared.The clinical risk factors for BPD in very premature infants were analyzed. Results: There were 263 very preterm infants included in the study, 108 cases in the BPD group, the incidence was 41.1%.The data analysis showed that BPD occurred in premature infants with sex(χ²=4.311), gestational age(Z=-6.544), birth weight(t=-5.382), maternal chorioamnionitis(χ²=4.946), neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(χ²=25.424), anemia(χ²=22.443), multiple blood transfusion(Z=-8.101), mechanical ventilation time greater than 7 days(χ²=10.946), high oxygen concentration(χ²=25.028), the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that gestational age(OR=1.478, 95% CI: 1.140-1.914), maternal pregnancy with chorioamnionitis (OR=0.152, 95% CI: 0.029-0.797), maximum oxygen concentration>40%(OR=0.261, 95% CI: 0.136-0.502), number of blood transfusions(OR=0.582, 95% CI: 0.456-0.742) were independent risk factors for BPD in preterm infants. Conclusion There are many factors leading to BPD in premature infants, including maternal comorbidities and neonatal factors, and its pathogenesis is complex and diverse.It is necessary to further study these related factors, timely intervention, strengthen maternal health care, and minimize risk factors, thus to reduce the incidence of BPD, improve the prognosis of premature infants.