Objective: To construct a scientific and perfect evaluation index system of infectious disease prevention and control ability in colleges and universities, so as to provide reference tools for colleges and universities to effectively respond to infectious disease. Methods: The initial framework of the evaluation index system of infectious disease prevention and control ability in colleges and universities was constructed by using literature analysis method. Experts familiar with infectious disease prevention and control or school health work were selected to conduct two rounds( n =16，18) of Delphi expert consultation for determining the evaluation index system. Analytical hierarchy process was used to calculate the index weights and combined weights. About 198 prevention and control personnel were conveniently selected from 3 universities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to comprehensively evaluate the evaluation indicators by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Results: After two rounds of Delphi consultation questionnaire, the effective recovery rates were 80.0% and 90.0%, the expert authority levels were 0.89 and 0.86, the expert harmony coefficients for Kendall W were 0.166 and 0.310, and the variation coefficient of each index was <0.25. Finally, the evaluation index system of infectious disease prevention and control ability of colleges and universities included 4 first level indicators, 14 second level indicators and 75 third level indicators. The weights of prevention and monitoring and early warning, organizational system guarantee, emergency management, rehabilitation and summary were 0.176, 0.476, 0.268 and 0.080, respectively. The top 3 weights of the secondary indexes were 0.623 for infectious disease surveillance and early warning, 0.595 for loss assessment and 0.370 for emergency response. The score of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the index system of infectious disease prevention and control ability in colleges and universities was 79.148, suggesting a high level. Conclusion The established evaluation index system of infectious disease prevention and control ability in colleges and universities is scientific and reasonable, which is conducive to provide tool reference for the evaluation of infectious disease prevention and control ability in colleges and universities.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of patchouli alcohol on mice with lung-heat syndrome based on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signaling pathway. Methods: First, network pharmacology was used to predict the potential targets of patchouli alcohol in the treatment of lung-heat syndrome, and a "component-disease-key target" network was constructed for pathway analysis. Then, 40 BALB/c mice were assigned to the normal, lung-heat model, honeysuckle, and low-dose and high-dose patchouli alcohol groups. All groups, except the blank group, were intranasally infected with 50 μL (103 TCID50) of influenza virus solution. After two hours of infection, mice were treated once a day for seven consecutive days. The therapeutic mechanism of patchouli alcohol was explored by measuring pulmonary inflammatory factors, the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, hypothalamic fever markers (PGE2, cAMP, cGMP levels), rectal temperature, and tissue energy metabolism. Results: Network pharmacology identified 135 target genes related to patchouli alcohol and lung-heat syndrome, with the key targets being STAT3, H1F1A, and NF-κB1. In animal experiments, patchouli alcohol significantly alleviated influenza virus-induced lung inflammatory damage in mice with lung-heat syndrome, inhibited the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in lung tissues(P<0.01), and suppressed the activation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. It also reduced hypothalamic levels of PGE2 and cAMP(P<0.01), suppressed the increase in rectal temperature, significantly decreased liver glycogen and pyruvate levels(P<0.01), and increased the activities of SDH, LDH, and Na+ -K+ -ATPase in the liver(P<0.01) Conclusion Patchouli alcohol improves the symptoms of lung-heat syndrome in mice by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, reducing proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory damage, and regulating hypothalamic fever markers and energy metabolism.

To promote the development of extracellular vesicles of herbal medicine especially the establishment of standardization, led by the National Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, research experts in the field of herbal medicine and extracellular vesicles were invited nationwide with the support of the Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, Professional Committee on Extracellular Vesicle Research and Application, Chinese Society of Research Hospitals and the Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles. Based on the collation of relevant literature, we have adopted the Delphi method, the consensus meeting method combined with the nominal group method to form a discussion draft of "Consensus statement on research and application of Chinese herbal medicine derived extracellular vesicles-like particles (2023)". The first draft was discussed in online and offline meetings on October 12, 14, November 2, 2022 and April and May 2023 on the current status of research, nomenclature, isolation methods, quality standards and research applications of extracellular vesicles of Chinese herbal medicines, and 13 consensus opinions were finally formed. At the Third Academic Conference on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, held on May 26, 2023, Kewei Zhao, convenor of the consensus, presented and read the consensus to the experts of the Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles. The consensus highlights the characteristics and advantages of Chinese medicine, inherits the essence, and keeps the righteousness and innovation, aiming to provide a reference for colleagues engaged in research and application of Chinese herbal vesicles at home and abroad, decode the mystery behind Chinese herbal vesicles together, establish a safe, effective and controllable accurate Chinese herbal vesicle prevention and treatment system, and build a bridge for Chinese medicine to the world.

Objective:To analyze the association between visceral fat area (VFA) and fatty liver based on quantitative CT (QCT) in people receiving health examination with normal body mass index (BMI).Methods:A cross-sectional study. A total of 1 305 physical examiners who underwent chest CT and QCT examination in the Department of Health Management of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January to December 2021 were retrospectively selected as subjects. The physical components at the central level of the lumbar two cone were measured with QCT, including subcutaneous fat area (SFA), VFA and liver fat content (LFC). And the metabolic indexes, such as blood lipids and blood glucose, were collected. The t-test and χ2 test were used to analyze the correlation between the detection rate of fatty live and LFCr and age and gender. According to level of VFA (<100 cm 2, 100-150 cm 2 and≥150 cm 2), the subjects were divided into three groups, and one-way ANOVA and χ2 test were used in comparison between groups. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between VFA and metabolic indexes and LFC. Results:Of the 1 305 subjects, there were 634 males and 671 females. The detection rate of fatty liver in normal BMI population was 65.67%, and it was 72.71% and 59.02% respectively in men and women ( χ2=27.12, P<0.001), and the detection rate of fatty liver and LFC increased with age (both P<0.05). With the increase of VFA, the age, BMI, SFA, LFC, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood uric acid and prevalence of fatty liver increased (all P<0.05), and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased ( P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjustment for age factors, regardless of male or female, LFC was independently positively related with VFA, BMI, and ALT (male β=0.206, 0.145, 0.174, female β=0.194, 0.150, 0.184; all P<0.05). FBG was positively correlated with male independently ( β=0.134; P<0.001). The indicators related to female independently were TC, TG, and blood uric acid ( β=-0.121, 0.145, 0.141, all P<0.05) Conclusion:In the population receiving health examination with normal BMI, the VFA measured by QCT technique is closely related to fatty liver.

Objective:To report the results of national surveillance on the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical Gram-negative bacteria isolates from bloodstream infections in China in 2022.Methods:The clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria from blood cultures in member hospitals of national bloodstream infection Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System（BRICS）were collected during January 2022 to December 2022. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted by agar dilution or broth dilution methods recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute（CLSI）. WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 25.0 software were used to analyze the data.Results:During the study period，9 035 strains of Gram-negative bacteria were collected from 51 hospitals，of which 7 895（87.4%）were Enterobacteriaceae and 1 140（12.6%）were non-fermenting bacteria. The top 5 bacterial species were Escherichia coli（ n=4 510，49.9%）， Klebsiella pneumoniae（ n=2 340，25.9%）， Pseudomonas aeruginosa（ n=534，5.9%）， Acinetobacter baumannii complex（ n=405，4.5%）and Enterobacter cloacae（ n=327，3.6%）. The ESBLs-producing rates in Escherichia coli， Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus spp. were 47.1%（2 095/4 452），21.0%（427/2 033）and 41.1%（58/141），respectively. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli（CREC）and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae（CRKP）were 1.3%（58/4 510）and 13.1%（307/2 340）；62.1%（36/58）and 9.8%（30/307）of CREC and CRKP were resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam combination，respectively. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii（CRAB）complex was 59.5%（241/405），while less than 5% of Acinetobacter baumannii complex was resistant to tigecycline and polymyxin B. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa（CRPA）was 18.4%（98/534）. There were differences in the composition ratio of Gram-negative bacteria in bloodstream infections and the prevalence of main Gram-negative bacteria resistance among different regions，with statistically significant differences in the prevalence of CRKP and CRPA（ χ2=20.489 and 20.252， P<0.001）. The prevalence of CREC，CRKP，CRPA，CRAB，ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were higher in provinicial hospitals than those in municipal hospitals（ χ2=11.953，81.183，10.404，5.915，12.415 and 6.459， P<0.01 or <0.05），while the prevalence of CRPA was higher in economically developed regions（per capita GDP ≥ 92 059 Yuan）than that in economically less-developed regions（per capita GDP <92 059 Yuan）（ χ2=6.240， P=0.012）. Conclusions:The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria in bloodstream infections shows an increasing trend，and Escherichia coli is ranked in the top，while the trend of CRKP decreases continuously with time. Decreasing trends are noted in ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Low prevalence of carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli and high prevalence in CRAB complex have been observed. The composition ratio and antibacterial spectrum of bloodstream infections in different regions of China are slightly different，and the proportion of main drug resistant bacteria in provincial hospitals is higher than those in municipal hospitals.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of preoperative D-dimer level for futile recanalization (FR) after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods:It was a nested case-control study. A total of 116 patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke, who underwent successful recanalization (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction, mTICI≥2b) after MT at the Stroke Unit of Beijing Hospital from August 2018 to January 2022,were consecutively enrolled, including 72 males (62.1%) with the age of (72.8±13.1) years. According to the 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score after MT, patients were divided into the meaningful recanalization group (mRS 0-2, n=41) and the futile recanalization group (mRS 3-6, n=75). The baseline clinical data of enrolled patients was collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for FR after MT in patients with AIS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of D-dimer for FR. Results:Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) ( OR=1.038, 95% CI: 1.012-1.065, P=0.004), baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score≥12 ( OR=10.157, 95% CI: 3.624-28.470, P<0.001) and high preoperative D-dimer level ( OR=4.536, 95% CI: 1.379-14.922, P=0.013) were independent predictors of FR after MT in AIS patients with LVO. ROC curve analysis indicated a good predictive value of preoperative D-dimer for the occurrence of FR ( AUC=0.733, 95% CI: 0.638-0.829, P<0.05), the optimal cut-off value of D-dimer was 2.65 μg/L(Lg), with the Youden index, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 0.435, 53.3%, 90.2% and 66.4%, respectively. Conclusion:High preoperative D-dimer level is an independent predictor of futile recanalization after MT in AIS patients with LVO, which shows good predictive ability for futile recanalization.

Objective: To investigate the incidence of road traffic injuries among online deliverymen and its influencing factors, so as to provide insights into prevention of road traffic injuries. Methods: Online deliverymen who were registered on a takeaway platform and delivered within Baotou City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were recruited using a convenience sampling method, and demographic information, delivery work conditions and road traffic injury data were collected through questionnaire surveys from June to September, 2023. Factors affecting the incidence of road traffic injuries were identified by a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 603 questionnaires were allocated, and 584 were valid, with an effective rate of 96.85%. There were 467 men (79.97%) and 117 women (20.03%), 200 participants at ages of 31-40 years (34.25%), 215 crowdsourcing deliverymen (36.82%) and 510 full-time (87.33%). The incidence of road traffic injuries in the past one year was 14.90%, and 59 injuries were mild (67.82%). The parts of injuries were mainly upper limbs (31.03%) and lower limbs (45.98%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that online deliverymen who did not wear a helmet at work (OR=2.591, 95%CI: 1.354-4.958) and worked as a crowdsourcing deliverymen (OR=2.232, 95%CI: 1.041-4.786) had higher risks of road traffic injuries, while online deliverymen who worked part-time (OR=0.154, 95%CI: 0.034-0.706) had lower risks of road traffic injuries. Conclusions The incidence of road traffic injuries among online deliverymen is associated with post, type of work and wearing helmets or not. The traffic safety education and management should be strengthened among online deliverymen.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Schisandrin A on the proliferation and apoptosis of prostate cancer cell and its mechanism.Methods:Human prostate cancer DU145 cell were cultured in vitro and grouped into DU145 group (normal culture), Schisandrin A L group (50 μmol/L Schisandrin A was added), Schisandrin A M group (100 μmol/L Schisandrin A was added), Schisandrin A H group (150 μmol/L Schisandrin A was added) and Simvastatin group (50 μmol/L Simvastatin was added). Cell morphology of each group was observed under microscope, cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK8 method, cell migration ability was detected by cell scratch assay, cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, the expression of phosphorylation (p) - mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1 (MST1), MST1, p-large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1), LATS1, p-Yes associated protein (YAP) and YAP protein were detected by Western blotting. Measurement data were expressed as mean± standard deviation ( ± s), one-way ANOVA for comparisons between multiple groups, and t-test for comparisons between two groups. Results:Compared with DU145 group, the number of cells in Schisandrin A L, M, H groups and Simvastatin group decreased, and the cells gradually shrunk and the spacing became larger, the cell survival rate [(100.00±0.00)%, (88.41±9.36)%, (62.34±7.31)%, (42.57±5.01)%, (45.47±5.65)%], migration [(90.11±13.43)%, (74.16±8.08)%, (57.53±7.34)%, (41.34±6.79)%, (43.44±5.26)%] and invasion [(89.01±10.31)%, (73.11±9.23)%, (55.62±7.67)%, (41.13±6.35)%, (40.36±5.68)%], and the expression of p-YAP/YAP protein (0.98±0.08, 0.83±0.11, 0.69±0.07, 0.55±0.07, 0.53±0.05) were significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate [(2.88±0.34)%, (5.20±0.57)%, (8.37±0.94)%, (12.71±1.58)%, (12.03±2.21)%] and the expression of p-MST1/MST1 (0.41±0.04, 0.53±0.07, 0.75±0.07, 0.89±0.08, 0.88±0.07] and p-LATS1/LATS1 protein (0.40±0.04, 0.52±0.06, 0.64±0.06, 0.77±0.08, 0.79±0.08) were significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Schisandrin A may inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer cell and promote cell apoptosis by inhibiting Hippo-YAP signaling pathway.

Objective To achieve automatic segmentation of cell nuclei in gastrointestinal cancer pathological images by using a deep learning algorithm,so as to assist in the quantitative analysis of subsequent pathological images.Methods A total of 59 patients with gastrointestinal cancer treated in Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from Jan 2022 to Feb 2022,were selected as the research objects.Python and LabelMe were used for data anonymization,image segmentation,and region of interest annotation of patients'pathological images.A total of 944 pathological images were included,and 9 703 nuclei were annotated.Then,a new semantic segmentation model based on deep learning was constructed.The model introduced deformable attention transformer(DAT)to realize automatic,accurate and efficient segmentation of pathological image nuclei.Finally,multiple segmentation evaluation criteria are used to evaluate the model's performance.Results The mean absolute error of the segmentation results of the model proposed in this paper was 0.112 6,and the dice coefficient(Dice)was 0.721 5.Its effect was significantly better than the U-net baseline model,and it was ahead of models such as ResU-net++,R2Unet and R2AttUnet.Moreover,the segmentation results were relatively stable with good generalization.Conclusion The segmentation model established in this study can accurately identify and segment the nuclei in the pathological images,with good robustness and generalization,which is helpful to play an auxiliary diagnostic role in practical applications.

Objective To evaluate the CT features and differential value of gastric leiomyomas(GLs)and gastric stromal tumors(GSTs)after propensity score matching.Methods Twenty-six GLs were 1∶1 propensity score matched to GSTs based on sex,age,tumor site and size.Tumor shape and contour,mucosal ulcer,tumor growth patterns,enhancement pattern and degree,the lon-gest diameter(LD)of the tumor,and the ratio of the LD to the vertical diameter(VD)were analyzed.CT signs included hemor-rhage,calcification,peripheral invasion,and distant metastasis,etc.Regression analysis was used to determine the best quantitative evaluation for differentiation of them.Results The presence of mucosal ulcer was significantly more frequent in GSTs than in GLs(P=0.032).Both tumors showed progressive enhancement;however,the enhancement degree of GSTs was significantly higher than GLs in the arterial and portal venous phases(P=0.004,P=0.002,respectively).The above influential factors were included in a regression analysis using enhancement degree of 18 HU and 23 HU in the arterial and portal venous phases as cutoff values respectively.An enhancement degree≤18 HU in the arterial phase was identified as an independent influential factor in the diagnosis of GLs[odds ratio(OR)=12.776,95％confidence interval(CI)1.270-128.535].No significant difference was found in other morphological characteristics(P＞0.05).Conclusion Less ulceration on the tumor surface and mild enhancement in arterial phase are characteristic features of GLs compared with GSTs.