Objective To investigate the new-onset conduction block after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and summarize the relevant experience. Methods The perioperative data of TAVR patients in the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2016 to February 2023 were collected, and the new-onset incidence of conduction block after TAVR was analyzed retrospectively. Results Finally 352 patients were included, including 225 males and 127 females, with an average age of (67.2±5.1) years, among whom 256 patients were treated with Venus-A valves, 69 patients with Vita-Flow valves, and 27 patients with J-Valve valves. There were 38 (10.8%) patients of new-onset postoperative block. There were 6 (1.7%) patients of new-onset postoperative grade Ⅲ atrioventricular block, including 5 (2.0%) patients of Venus-A and 1 (1.4%) patient of Vita-Flow. Conduction function was restored in 2 patients within 14 days after surgery, and failed to be restored in 4 patients, who then received permanent pacemaker implantation in the Department of Cardiology. There were 27 (7.7%) patients of new left bundle branch block after surgery, including 22 (8.6%) patients of Venus-A, 4 (5.8%) patients of Vita-Flow and 1 (3.7%) patient of J-Valve; and conduction function was restored within 7 days after surgery in 23 patients, and 5 (1.4%) patients developed new right bundle branch blocks after surgery including 4 (1.5%) patients of Venus-A and 1 (1.4%) patient of Vita-Flow. Conclusion New-onset conduction block is a common complication after TAVR, and the new-onset rate of left bundle branch block is the highest, followed by the grade Ⅲ atrioventricular block. Mastering reasonable methods and applying appropriate strategies can effectively reduce the new-onset rate of postoperative conduction block and improve the overall success rate of TAVR surgery.

Objective To analyze the short-term clinical efficacy and prognosis of one-stop transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)+percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the treatment of aortic valve disease with coronary heart disease. Methods The clinical data of patients with aortic valve disease complicated with coronary heart disease who underwent one-stop TAVR+PCI treatment at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2018 to June 2023 were retrospective analyzed. The preoperative and postoperative clinical data were compared, and 1-month follow-up results were recorded. Results A total of 37 patients were enrolled, including 22 males and 15 females, with an average age of 69.14±6.47 years. Thirty-six patients recovered and were discharged after the surgery, and 1 (2.7%) patient died during the surgery. Self-expanding TAVR valves were implanted through the femoral artery in all patients. One coronary artery was opened by PCI in 35 (94.6%) patients, and two coronary arteries were opened by PCI in 2 (5.4%) patients. All PCI opened arteries had a stenosis>70%. During the postoperative hospitalization, the complications included pulmonary infection in 11 (30.6%) patients, severe pneumonia in 10 (27.8%) patients, liver function injury in 14 (38.9%) patients, renal function injury in 5 (13.9%) patients, cerebral infarction in 1 (2.8%) patient, atrial fibrillation in 1 (2.8%) patient, ventricular premature beats in 2 (5.6%) patients, atrioventricular block in 2 (5.6%) patients, and complete left bundle branch block in 5 (13.9%) patients. The median postoperative ventilation assistance time was 12.0 (0.0, 17.0) h, the ICU monitoring time was 1.0 (0.0, 2.0) d, and the postoperative hospitalization time was 5.0 (4.0, 7.0) d. There was a significant improvement in the New York Heart Association cardiac function grading after surgery (P<0.001). After surgery, there were 21 (58.3%) patients had minor perivalve leakage, 6 (16.7%) patients had minor to moderate perivalve leakage, and no moderate or above degree of perivalve leakage. After one month of postoperative follow-up, 36 patients showed significant improvement in heart function. There were no patients with recurrent acute coronary syndrome, re-PCI, or cardiovascular system disease related re-hospitalization. Conclusion The one-stop TAVR+PCI treatment for patients with aortic valve disease and coronary heart disease can obtain satisfactory short-term clinical efficacy, which is worth further trying and studying.

Objective To investigate the expression of the ubiquitination enzyme UBE2S in different cell types in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)microenvironment and its impact on proliferation and stemness of HCC cells.Methods TCGA and CPTAC database were used to analyze the transcriptional and promoter methylation levels and protein expressions of UBE2S in HCC.Specific expression patterns of UBE2S,intercellular communication and key transcription factors in different cell types were analyzed based on single-cell sequencing data from TISCH website.We further examined UBE2S expressions in clinical samples of HCC tissues,HCC cells and T cells using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining.We also tested the effects of UBE2S knockdown on stemness of HCC-LM3 and HepG2 cells using clone formation experiments and sphere formation assay.Results Analysis based on TCGA database suggested significant overexpression of UBE2S in both paired and non-paired tumor tissues(P<0.001),and its transcriptional level increased with tumor grades.The methylation level of UBE2S promoter was significantly decreased in HCC(P<0.001),and its transcription level increased obviously in HCC with TP53 mutation(P<0.001).Analysis of CPTAC database also demonstrated overexpression of UBE2S protein in HCC tissues(P<0.001).Three prognostic models suggested that HCC patients with high UBE2S expression had poorer prognosis(P<0.001).Single-cell sequencing data analysis revealed high expressions of UBE2S in T cells and high intensities of interaction between endothelial cells,epithelial cells and fibroblasts in HCC microenvironment.Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated high UBE2S expressions in clinical samples of HCC tissues,HCC cells and T cells.In HCC-LM3 and HepG2 cells,UBE2S knockdown significantly inhibited cell clone formation and tumor sphere formation(P<0.05).Conclusion UBE2S is highly expressed in T cells in HCC microenvironment in close correlation with a poor prognosis.High UBE2S expression promotes the stemness of HCC cells.

Objective To investigate the expression of the ubiquitination enzyme UBE2S in different cell types in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)microenvironment and its impact on proliferation and stemness of HCC cells.Methods TCGA and CPTAC database were used to analyze the transcriptional and promoter methylation levels and protein expressions of UBE2S in HCC.Specific expression patterns of UBE2S,intercellular communication and key transcription factors in different cell types were analyzed based on single-cell sequencing data from TISCH website.We further examined UBE2S expressions in clinical samples of HCC tissues,HCC cells and T cells using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining.We also tested the effects of UBE2S knockdown on stemness of HCC-LM3 and HepG2 cells using clone formation experiments and sphere formation assay.Results Analysis based on TCGA database suggested significant overexpression of UBE2S in both paired and non-paired tumor tissues(P<0.001),and its transcriptional level increased with tumor grades.The methylation level of UBE2S promoter was significantly decreased in HCC(P<0.001),and its transcription level increased obviously in HCC with TP53 mutation(P<0.001).Analysis of CPTAC database also demonstrated overexpression of UBE2S protein in HCC tissues(P<0.001).Three prognostic models suggested that HCC patients with high UBE2S expression had poorer prognosis(P<0.001).Single-cell sequencing data analysis revealed high expressions of UBE2S in T cells and high intensities of interaction between endothelial cells,epithelial cells and fibroblasts in HCC microenvironment.Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated high UBE2S expressions in clinical samples of HCC tissues,HCC cells and T cells.In HCC-LM3 and HepG2 cells,UBE2S knockdown significantly inhibited cell clone formation and tumor sphere formation(P<0.05).Conclusion UBE2S is highly expressed in T cells in HCC microenvironment in close correlation with a poor prognosis.High UBE2S expression promotes the stemness of HCC cells.

Deep brain stimulation(DBS),including optical stimulation and electrical stimulation,has been demonstrated considerable value in exploring pathological brain activity and developing treatments for neural disorders.Advances in DBS microsystems based on implantable microelectrode array(MEA)probes have opened up new opportunities for closed-loop DBS(CL-DBS)in situ.This technology can be used to detect damaged brain circuits and test the therapeutic potential for modulating the output of these circuits in a variety of diseases simultaneously.Despite the success and rapid utilization of MEA probe-based CL-DBS microsystems,key challenges,including excessive wired communication,need to be urgently resolved.In this review,we considered recent advances in MEA probe-based wireless CL-DBS microsystems and outlined the major issues and promising prospects in this field.This technology has the potential to offer novel therapeutic options for psychiatric disorders in the future.

The anterior disc displacement (ADD) leads to temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) and mandibular growth retardation in adolescents. To investigate the potential functional role of fibrocartilage stem cells (FCSCs) during the process, a surgical ADD-TMJOA mouse model was established. From 1 week after model generation, ADD mice exhibited aggravated mandibular growth retardation with osteoarthritis (OA)-like joint cartilage degeneration, manifesting with impaired chondrogenic differentiation and loss of subchondral bone homeostasis. Lineage tracing using Gli1-CreER⁺; Tm^fl/-mice and Sox9-CreER⁺;Tm^fl/-mice showed that ADD interfered with the chondrogenic capacity of Gli1⁺ FCSCs as well as osteogenic differentiation of Sox9⁺ lineage, mainly in the middle zone of TMJ cartilage. Then, a surgically induced disc reposition (DR) mouse model was generated. The inhibited FCSCs capacity was significantly alleviated by DR treatment in ADD mice. And both the ADD mice and adolescent ADD patients had significantly relieved OA phenotype and improved condylar growth after DR treatment. In conclusion, ADD-TMJOA leads to impaired chondrogenic progenitor capacity and osteogenesis differentiation of FCSCs lineage, resulting in cartilage degeneration and loss of subchondral bone homeostasis, finally causing TMJ growth retardation. DR at an early stage could significantly alleviate cartilage degeneration and restore TMJ cartilage growth potential.
Animals ; Mice ; Osteogenesis ; Zinc Finger Protein GLI1 ; Fibrocartilage ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Disease Models, Animal ; Osteoarthritis ; Stem Cells ; Growth Disorders

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical phenotype and MYH7 gene variant in a Chinese pedigree affected with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). METHODS: The proband was screened for variant of 96 cardiomyopathy-associated genes by exonic amplification and high-throughput sequencing. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing among 300 healthy controls as well as family members of the proband. Co-segregation analysis of genotypes and clinical phenotypes was carried out for the pedigree. Clustal X software was used to analyze the sequence conservation of the variant among various species, and its pathogenicity was predicted by using bioinformatics software. RESULTS: 6 out of 12 members from this pedigree were found to harbor heterozygous c.4124A>G (p.Tyr1375Cys) variant of the MYH7 gene, among whom five were diagnosed with HCM. The remaining one had failed to meet the diagnostic criteria for HCM, but had abnormal ECG. The same variant was not found in the 300 healthy controls. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that the variant is located in a highly conserved region, and bioinformatics analysis predicted that this variant may affect protein function and has a deleterious effect. Based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines, the variant was predicted to be likely pathogenic (PM2+ PP1_Moderate+PP3+PP5). CONCLUSION The c.4124A>G (p.Tyr1375Cys) variant of the MYH7 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis in this pedigree. Above finding has important value for the early diagnosis of patients with HCM.
Cardiac Myosins/genetics* ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/genetics* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mutation ; Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics* ; Pedigree ; Phenotype

Objective:To study the feasibility and safety in treatment of trauma to right posterior liver using laparoscopic surgery with patients in the left semiprone position.Methods:The clinical data of consecutive patients who were diagnosed to have trauma to the right posterior liver and were treated with laparoscopic surgery with patients in the left semiprone position at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities between February 2016 and August 2020 were retrospectively analysed. The patients’ gender, age, mechanisms of injury, operative methods, operative time, amounts of abdominal effusion, degrees of liver injury, extents of intraoperative bleeding, amounts of postoperative drainage, lengths of postoperative hospital stay, and major postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed.Results:Among the 18 patients, there were 16 males and 2 females, aged (41.6±14.4) years. The mechanisms of liver trauma were caused by fall injury ( n=10), traffic accidents ( n=4), blunt injury ( n=2) and penetrating injury ( n=2). The levels of injuries were level Ⅲ in 16 patients and level Ⅳ in 2 patients. Laparoscopic suture repair was performed in 8 patients, partial hepatectomy in 4 patients, electrocoagulation hemostasis in 4 patients and ligation of bleeding vessels in 2 patients. All were successful in hemostasis. Abdominal effusion was (1 528.8±373.2) ml, intraoperative blood loss (80.6±16.7) ml, operation time (88.5±9.1) min, postoperative hospital stay 7 days and postoperative total drainage (93.8±13.6) ml. Ten patients were complicated with right pleural effusion, and they recovered with conservative treatment. There were no bile leakage, infection and other complications. Conclusion:Trauma to right posterior liver treated with laparoscopic with surgery patients in the left semiprone position had the advantages of adequate exposure which facilitated surgical hemostasis, resulting in minimal collateral damages and short hospital stay. The treatment was feasibility and safe.

Objective:To investigate the clinical application value of craniotomy with hematoma evacuation combined with decompressive craniectomy in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury.Methods:Sixty-eight patients with severe traumatic brain injury who received treatment in China Coast Guard Bureau Hospital, China between June 2016 and June 2019 were randomly assigned to receive either craniotomy with hematoma evacuation combined with decompressive craniectomy (observation group, n = 34) or conventional craniotomy (control group, n = 34). Surgical value for severe traumatic brain injury and the occurrence of complications were compared between the observation and control groups. Results:Before treatment, there were no significant differences in intracranial pressure, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score, activity of daily living between the observation and control groups (all P > 0.05). After 7 days of treatment, intracranial pressure in the two groups was significantly decreased compared with before treatment, and intracranial pressure in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( t = 17.284, P < 0.001). After treatment, Glasgow Coma Scores were significantly increased in the two groups, and Glasgow Coma Scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t = 5.823, 7.185, 9.234, all P < 0.05). In addition, the numbers of patients with grade I, II and III severe traumatic brain injury in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). The number of patients with grade V prognosis in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [20 (58.8%) vs. 8 (23.5%), χ2 = 8.743, P < 0.05]. After treatment, severe traumatic brain injury was mitigated in the two groups. National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the activity of daily living in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The numbers of patients with delayed hematoma, a need for reoperation, hydrocephalus, acute encephalocele, epilepsy, and intracranial infection in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Conclusion:Craniotomy with hematoma evacuation combined with decompressive craniectomy for treatment of severe traumatic brain injury can greatly decrease intracranial pressure, reduce the degree of injury and improve prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the safety of warfarin for Kawasaki disease (KD) with coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) and its prognosis.Methods:Twenty one children with KD complicated with giant CAA, multiple CAA in one coronary artery or thrombosis in coronary artery were enrolled in this prospective study. Warfarin was used to control the goal international normalized ratio (INR) ranging from 2.0 to 3.0. The CAA diameter, number, location and thrombus in coronary artery were recorded at the beginning of treatment, 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks and 2, 3, 6, 12 months after treatment, as well as the influence on INR, electrocaroliogram, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), troponin I. Standardized warfarin bleeding risk training and management was implemented. Children were divided into implementation group and non-implementation group according to the status of actual implementation of their parents. The incidence of bleeding events was compared between the two groups. Comparisons between groups were performed using a Rank sum test and a Fisher exact test.Results:In the 21 patients (15 males and 6 females), the age of onset ranged from 2 months to 6 years. There were 4 cases with grade Ⅱ, 7 cases with grade Ⅲ, 7 cases with grade Ⅳ and 3 cases with grade Ⅴ according to the severity of coronary arterial lesions before treatment. The time of clinical detection of thrombus in 10 children with thrombosis ranged from the fourth day to the fourth month. The dose distribution of warfarin was 0.06-0.10 mg/(kg·d), and the INR was 1.80-2.59. Among the 10 cases with thrombus, 8 cases had disappearance of thrombi and 2 cases with grade Ⅴ had thrombus organization to different degree. After treatment, the coronary artery ectasia of the 4 cases with grade Ⅱ all returned to normal. Among the 7 cases with grade Ⅲ, 3 cases of coronary artery aneurysms returned to normal, and 4 cases did not change. Among the 7 cases with grade Ⅳ , 5 cases of coronary artery aneurysms shrank to grade Ⅲ, and 2 cases remained unchanged. Three cases with grade Ⅴ lesions had no changes in aneurysm. Neither new thrombus nor new CAA was detected during the treatment. There was no significant change in electrocardiogram before and after treatment. No statistically significant difference was found regarding the troponin I (0.07 (0-3.01) vs. 0.04 (0-0.29) μg/L, Z=0.932, P>0.05) and CK-MB (20.6 (11.2-58.2) vs. 29.0 (16.7-47.0) U/L, Z=1.906, P>0.05) before and after treatment. The incidence of bleeding events in the implementation group was significantly lower than that in the non-implementation group (2/15 vs. 4/6, Fisher=5.689, P=0.031). Conclusions:The application of goal INR of 2.0-3.0 and adjustment of warfarin dose according to the severity of CAA combined with standardized and strict warfarin bleeding risk training and management, can increase the safety of warfarin therapy in children with KD, improve the prognosis of coronary artery lesions, promote the dissolution of thrombi, prevent new thrombosis, and effectively reduce the incidence of bleeding complication.