Objective Toinvestigate MRIIVIM quantitativeassessmentoftheplacentalperfusioncanbeusedtodifferentiate womenwithandwithoutplacentaaccretaintheirthirdtrimester.Methods Thestudypopulationincluded17patientswithplacenta accreta,29patientswithplacentaincretaand16patientswithoutplacentaaccreta.Allwomenunderwentan MRIexaminationincluding anIVIMsequence.Theperfusionfraction(f),pseudodiffusioncoefficient(D?)andstandarddiffusioncoefficient(D)werecalculated. Results Womenwithplacentaaccretaandincretahadasmallerplacentalperfusionfraction (P＜0.05)thanpatientswithoutplacenta accreta,theplacentalperfusionfractiondidn’tdifferedbetweenplacentaaccretaandincreta(P＞0.05).DifferencesofDandD?between thethreegroupswerenotsignificant(P＞0.05).Conclusion Placentaaccretaandincretadifferinplacentalperfusionfractionfrom womenwithoutthedisease.Theperfusionfractioncanbeusedasafeasibleindextoevaluateplacentaperfusion.

Chitinases, a glycosidase enzyme that hydrolyzes chitin to N-acetylglucosamine, are widely found in plant cells, and they are an important part of plant antifungal defense system. The function of a Panax notoginseng chitinase gene PnCHI1 was characterized in this paper. Expression vector of PnCHI1 was constructed and transiently expressed in onion epidermal cells, and laser scanning confocal microscopy demonstrated that PnCHI1 was localized in the cell wall. Prokaryotic expression vector of PnCHI1 was also constructed, and recombinant protein of PnCHI1 was induced and purified. In vitro antibacterial assay showed that recombinant PnCHI1 protein had strong inhibitory activity on the mycelium growth of Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum and F. verticillioide. The function of PnCHI1 was further verified by reverse genetics. PnCHI1 expression vector was transferred into tobacco by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and expression of PnCHI1 was confirmed by qRT-PCR. It was found by leaf inoculation experiment that resistance of transgenic tobacco to F. solani was significantly increased. It is conclnded that: PnCHI1 is a chitinase localized in the cell wall, which inhibits several fungi which cause the root rot disease of P. notoginseng. Overexpression of this chitinase gene in tobacco greatly increased resistance to F. solani. PnCHI1 may be an important resistance gene in P. notoginseng that participates in the defense against root rot disease.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the status of pubertal development in children born with assisted reproductive technology (ART).

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed on the pubertal development data of children born with ART in Peking University Third Hospital from 1994 to 2003 (ART group). The data in the cross-sectional study "Reports on the Physical Fitness and Health Research of Chinese School Students in 2010" were used as a control. The age at menarche and the age at spermarche were compared between the two groups. The status of pubertal development in the overweight and obese children in the ART group was evaluated to investigate the correlation between pubertal development and body mass index (BMI).

RESULTSA total of 200 children born with ART were enrolled in this study, and 72 of them (41 males and 31 females) completed the survey (response rate=36.0%). In the ART group, the mean age at spermarche and the mean age at menarche were 13.9 years (95%CI: 13.7-14.3 years) and 12.2 years (95%CI: 11.8-12.6 years), respectively. There were no significant differences in the age at spermarche and the age at menarche between the ART and control groups (P>0.05). In the ART group, there were no significant differences in the age at spermarche and the age at menarche between the overweight and obese children and the normal weight children (P>0.05). There were also no significant differences in overweight rate and obesity rate between the children in the ART group and the adolescents in Beijing (P>0.05). In the ART group, there was no significant correlation between the age at spermarche or menarche and BMI (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSNo delayed or precocious puberty is observed in children born with ART. This is consistent with the normal control data. And there is no significant correlation between pubertal development and BMI in children born with ART.

Adolescent ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child Development ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Menarche ; Obesity ; physiopathology ; Overweight ; physiopathology ; Puberty ; physiology ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Retrospective Studies

According to the professional characteristics of the operating room,on the basis of basic principles of hierarchical management and post management of nursing department,taking clinical needs as guiding ideology,combined with the development needs of surgical departments,we developed the operating room nursing staff management model,and set up 23 jobs.We adjusted it accordingly in practice,and constantly optimized nurses' career plan by providing clinical,teaching,research,management and other multi-channel development direction,meanwhile provided better quality care for patients.

Chitinases(EC3.2.1.14), which are present in various organisms, catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of chitin and play a vital role in plant defense mechanisms against fungal pathogens.In addition, the chitinases are well known to regulate plant growth and development and are involved in programmed cell death(PCD).A chitinase expressed sequence tag(EST) was isolated from Panax notoginseng, and the full-length cDNA of this EST was cloned with the method of rapid amplification of cDNA ends and named as PnCHI1. PnCHI1 was 1 022 bp in length and contained an intact open reading frame(ORF) of 822 bp, a 26 bp 5'-untranslated region(UTR), and a 174 bp 3'-UTR.The predicted protein of PnCHI1 with 273 amino acid residues belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 19 and fell into the class IV of chitinases through phylogenetic analysis.QRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of PnCHI1 was induced by methyl jasmonate, ethylene, H2O2, and salicylic acid.PnCHI1 was quickly induced after inoculation with Alternaria panax.Moreover, the expression level of PnCHI1 was increased after pretreatment with methyl jasmonate, and then the transcription level of PnCHI1was sharp increased after inoculation with Fusarium solani,and the highest transcription level was achieved at 4 h post inoculation.But the expression level of PnCHI1 in the sterile water pretreated P.notoginseng was increased gradually after inoculation with F.solani, and the highest expression level was achieved at 48 h post inoculation.All the results of present study indicated that PnCHI1 was involved in defense response of P.notoginseng against the F.solani and A.panax.

Atrial Flutter ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

This study is to investigate the anti-tumor activities of a novel cyclophosphamide derivate 4, 6-diphenyl cyclophosphamide (9b) in vivo and in vitro, and its possible mechanism of action. The inhibitory effects of 9b on human hepatoma cell line HepG2, human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and human myeloid leukemia cell line K562 were measured by MTT assay in vitro. Cell cycle distribution and apoptotic rate were evaluated by flow cytometry. To evaluate the anti-tumor effect of 9b in vivo, mouse model bearing inoculated H22 tumor was established. The results indicated that 9b could inhibit the proliferation of HepG2, MCF-7 and K562 cells in a dose and time dependent manner. The ICo50 values of 9b were 32.34 micromol.L-1 to HepG2 cells, 87.07 micromol.L-1 to MCF-7 cells and 149.10 micromol.L-1 to K562 cells after incubation for 48 h. The results of flow cytometry indicated that after being treated for 48 h with different concentrations of 9b, the ratios of HepG2, MCF-7 cells at the Go/G1 phase and K562 cells at the G0/Gl phase and G2/M phase increased significantly compared with control group, and the apoptotic rate increased with the increase of the concentration of 9b. 9b could significantly reduce tumor weight of H22 solid tumor mouse model in vivo. To summarize, 9b showed significantly anti-tumor activity in vivo and in vitro, of which the mechanism might be associated with the change of cell cycle distribution and induction of tumor cell apoptosis.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclophosphamide ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Structure ; Random Allocation ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-tumor activity of a novel cyclophosphamide derivate 4, 6-diphenyl cyclophosphamide (9b) on cultured SK-OV3 (human ovarian cancer cell line) and 143B (human osteosarcoma cell line) cells in vitro aid S180 (mouse sarcoma cell line) and B16 (murine melanoma cell line) solid tumors in vivo, and its possible anti-tumor mechanism. METHODS: The inhibitory effects of 9b on SK-OV3 and 143B cells proliferation were analyzed by MTT assay in vitro. The effect of 9b on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. To evaluate the anti-tumor effect of 9b in vivo, mouse model bearing inoculated S180 and B16 tumor were established. RESULTS: MTT assay revealed that 9b obviously suppressed SK-OV3 and 143B cells growth and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner within the concentration ranging from 3.7 to 300 Limol·L-1 and in a time-dependent manner from 24 to 72 h. The IC50 value of 9b was (71.27±1.08) μmol·L-1 for SK-OV3 cells, and (98.50±0.82) μmol·L-1 for 143B cells respectively when incubation for 48 h. The results of flow cytometry indicated that after treated for 48 h with different concentration of 9b, the ratios of 143 B cells in the G0/G1 phase and SK-OV3 cells in the G0/G1 phase and G2/M phase were significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05, P<0.01), the apoptosis rate had significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). 9b (3, 10 and 30 mg·kg-1·d-1) could significantly reduce tumor weight in the S180 and B16 solid tumor mouse model in vivo. CONCLUSION: 9b showed significantly anti-tumor activity both in vivo and in vitro, of which the mechanism might be associated with the change of cell cycle distribution and induction of tumor cell apoptosis.

BACKGROUNDWhite blood cell (WBC) counts and differentials performed using an automated cell counter typically require manual microscopic review. However, this last step is time consuming and requires experienced personnel. We evaluated the clinical efficiency of using flow cytometry (FCM) employing a six-antibody/five-color reagent for verifying automated WBC differentials.

METHODSA total of 56 apparently healthy samples were assessed using a five-color flow cytometer to verify the normal reference ranges of WBC differentials. WBC differentials of 622 samples were also determined using both a cell counter and FCM. These results were then confirmed using manual microscopic methods.

RESULTSThe probabilities for all of the parameters of WBC differentials exceeded the corresponding normal reference ranges by no more than 7.5%. The resulting WBC differentials were well correlated between FCM and the cell counter (r > 0.88, P < 0.001), except in the case of basophils. Neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils were well correlated between FCM and standard microscopic cytology assessment (r > 0.80, P < 0.001). The sensitivities of FCM for identification of immature granulocytes and blast cells (72.03% and 22.22%, respectively) were higher than those of the cell counter method (44.92% and 11.11%, respectively). The specificities of FCM were all above 85%, substantially better than those of the cell counter method.

CONCLUSIONThese five-color FCM assays could be applied to accurately verify abnormal results of automated assessment of WBC differentials.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukocyte Count ; methods ; Leukocytes ; cytology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To assess the efficiency of synchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (SNIPPV) as a transitional mode in treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after extubation.Methods In this single-center and randomized controlled trial,preterm infants (gestational age less than 35 weeks)with RDS who received mechanical ventilation were randomly assigned to receive SNIPPV(33 cases) or NCPAP(34 cases) after extubation.Blood gas analysis,prevalence of extubation failure and complications were compared between the 2 groups.Results The Pa (O2) in SNIPPV group was significantly higher but the pa (CO2) was significantly lower than those in the NCPAP group at 3 h and 12 h after extubation respectively(all P ＜ 0.05).Infants treated with SNIPPV had a decreased incidence of hypoxemia,hyperbicarbonatemia and extubation failure compared with those of patients treated with NCPAP (all P ＜ 0.05).SNIPPV group had a decreased incidence of apnea (P =0.000),shorter duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen treatment duration than those of NCPAP group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions SNIPPV is superior to NCPAP in serving as a transitional mode after extubation for preterm infants with RDS,and should be used in preference after extubation.