Actinomycosis ; complications ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Cephalexin ; therapeutic use ; Ciprofloxacin ; therapeutic use ; Clindamycin ; therapeutic use ; Coinfection ; drug therapy ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Escherichia coli Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Pseudomonas Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; Skin Diseases, Bacterial ; complications ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Staphylococcal Skin Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; Thigh ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination ; therapeutic use

Infectious scleritis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a well-known vision-threatening disease. In particular, scleral trauma following pterygium surgery may increase the risk of sclera inflammation. Surgical debridement and repair is necessary in patients who do not respond to medical treatments, such as topical and intravenous antibiotics. We reports herein the effectiveness of an autologous perichondrium conchal cartilage graft for infectious scleritis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This procedure was performed on four eyes of four patients with infectious scleritis who had previously undergone pterygium surgery at Gyeongsang National University Hospital (GNUH), Jinju, Korea from December 2011 to May 2012. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified in cultures of necrotic scleral lesion before surgery. The conchal cartilage perichondrium graft was transplanted, and a conjunctival flap was created on the scleral lesion. The autologous perichondrium conchal cartilage graft was successful and visual outcome was stable in all patients, with no reports of graft failure or infection recurrence. In conclusion, autologous perichondrium conchal cartilage graft may be effective in surgical management of Pseudomonal infectious scleritis when non-surgical medical treatment is ineffective. Further studies in larger, diverse populations are warranted to establish the effectiveness of the procedure.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Autografts ; Cartilage/surgery ; Communicable Diseases ; Debridement ; Eye Infections, Bacterial/etiology/*therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures ; Postoperative Complications ; Pseudomonas Infections/microbiology/*therapy ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/*isolation & purification ; Pterygium/surgery ; Republic of Korea ; Sclera/*surgery/transplantation ; Scleritis/microbiology/*therapy ; Surgical Wound Infection/microbiology/*therapy ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors and biological characteristics of infection after cochlear implantation so as to control the risk factors and improve the treatment of postoperative infection. METHOD: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 316 patients receiving cochlear implantation from July 2001 to October 2011. RESULT: Postoperative infection was found in five of the 316 cases and one transferred case. The six cases recovered after clinical therapy without explantation. One case underwent explantation due to recurrent meningitis after implantation of 8 years later. CONCLUSION The pathogens of infection after cochlear implantation are staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc. The key infectious factor is the formation of bacterial biofilm, which can be removal by chemical agents to control the postoperative infection, especially the flap infection. It is not necessary to remove the artificial cochlea when the postoperative infection occurs. Positive perioperative interventions and postoperative infection control can improve the outcome of cochlear implantation.
Adolescent ; Aged ; Biofilms ; growth & development ; Cochlea ; Cochlear Implantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; microbiology ; Pseudomonas Infections ; etiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; physiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Staphylococcal Infections ; etiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; physiology

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anthracosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pseudomonas Infections ; microbiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; drug effects

Brain Diseases ; complications ; microbiology ; mortality ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Externa ; complications ; microbiology ; mortality ; Pseudomonas Infections ; complications ; mortality

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characters of infection in patients with malignant tumors, especially the distribution, yearly change of pathogens, and pathogen resistance to common antibacterial agents. METHODS: We respectively analyzed the characters of infection in 489 patients with malignant tumors. RESULTS: The respiratory tract was the most frequent infection site (61.1%). The infection was mainly caused by opportunistic pathogens. The Gram-negative bacterias mainly consisted of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii (46.3%). The Gram-positive bacteria mainly consisted of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis (29.9%), and the rest 23.8% of the infection was caused by different fungi, mainly consisting of Candida albicans. The ratio of the Gram-negative bacteria resistance to antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins (except ceftazidime), sulfanilamides, tetracyclines and quinolones was higher. The ratio of the Gram-positive bacteria resistance to antibiotics such as penicillins, macrolides and quinolones was higher. The ratio of fungus resistance to antibacterial agents such as fluconazol and itraconazole was higher. The infection caused by fungi obviously increased in the past 5 years. CONCLUSION The infection in patients with malignant tumors is mainly caused by opportunistic pathogens, and the pathogen resistance to antibacterial agents is serious. The infection caused by fungi is increasing.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Communicable Diseases ; complications ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; complications ; Pneumonia ; complications ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Pseudomonas Infections ; drug therapy ; Staphylococcal Infections ; drug therapy ; Young Adult

Anthracosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Imipenem ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Pseudomonas Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; drug effects ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; complications ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo examine the expression profile of lipid metabolism-related genes in liver of scalded rats with wound sepsis, and to analyze its significance.

METHODSSixty male Wistar rats with 30% TBSA full-thickness scald wound on the back were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into wound sepsis group (n = 30) and control group (n = 30, with scald). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was inoculated to the wounds in sepsis group. Corresponding indices were determined to verify the diagnosis of wound sepsis. The rats were sacrificed and fresh liver tissues were obtained at 96 post-scald hours (PSH). Total RNA of liver was isolated with Trizol and the different expression of lipid metabolism related genes in response to burn wound sepsis was assessed by DNA microarray.

RESULTSBy comparing expression profile of the two groups, totally 47 genes were observed to be differentially expressed in rat hepatic tissues, among them 9 genes were related to lipid metabolism. Among them, those which were upregulated were genes in relation with transportation and activation of fatty acid, and those downregulated were genes related in providing energy for fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria.

CONCLUSIONThe occurrence of wound sepsis in scalded rats can induce changes in the expression of hepatic lipid metabolism related genes in hepatic tissues, and aggravate

Animals ; Burns ; complications ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Lipid Metabolism ; genetics ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Pseudomonas Infections ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sepsis ; etiology ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) in the treatment of severe aplastic anemia (SAA) and severe infection.

METHODSA patient with SAA and pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia was treated with PBSCT from an HLA-identical sibling with cyclophosphamide (CY) and total body irradiation (TBI) for conditioning. The patient was infused with 20.3 x 10(8)/kg mononuclear cells including 61.0 x 10(6)/kg CD34(+) cells following the conditioning regimen.

RESULTSTwelve days after PBSCT, the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 1.0 x 10(9)/L was achieved, with platelet count > 50 x 10(9)/L at twenty days. The donor origin of engraftment was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of short tandem repeats at the end of the first, sixth and twelfth month. The patient's body temperature dropped to normal level when her ANC reached 0.5 x 10(9)/L on day 10, and the bacterial culture of blood sample became negative subsequently. Symptoms and signs of acute or chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) were not observed in 30 months after PBSCT.

CONCLUSIONSHematopoiesis was reconstituted shortly after PBSCT. The combination of CY and TBI and the infusion of sufficient peripheral blood stem cells may contribute to the successful engraftment. PBSCT may be considered as the first choice when hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is needed for SAA patients complicated with severe infection.

Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic ; immunology ; therapy ; Bacteremia ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Prognosis ; Pseudomonas Infections ; complications ; Transplantation, Homologous ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of different beta-lactam antibiotics on the inducing of LPS release from gram-negative bacteria and on the protection of infected animals.

METHODSWistar rats were employed as the model and were inflicted by 30% TBSA III degree scalding and sepsis caused by PA103. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, i.e. simple antibiotic treatment group (A), treatment after sensitization with galactosamine (GalN) group (G) and treatment after blocking with carrageenan (CGN) group (C). The rats were injected intra-peritoneally with imipenem (IMP, 5 mg) and ceftazidime (CTZ, 10 mg) for single time, respectively. Same amount of aseptic normal saline was injected in the control group, and GalN (50 mg) was added in G and CGN (1 mg) in C groups. The blood bacterial concentration and plasma LPS levels were determined at different time points after the treatment by antibiotics. The mortality was observed in G and C groups at 10 days after treatment.

RESULTSThe blood bacterial amount could be decreased by both IMP and CTZ evidently. Large amounts of LPS released from PA103 could be induced by IMP and CTZ during their bactericidal process. But the plasma LPS level in rats treated by CTZ was markedly higher than that by IMP (P < 0.05 approximately 0.01). The mortality in G group treated by CTZ was much higher than that by IMP (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, the mortality in C groups was the same no matter CTZ or IMP was applied (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere was no difference of the bactericidal power between IMP and CTZ. But CTZ was more powerful in inducing LPS release from bacteria than IMP. It was implied by the difference between these two antibiotics that IMP might be better choice in clinical application for burn infection due to its lower potential of inducing LPS release from the bacteria.

Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Burns ; complications ; Ceftazidime ; pharmacology ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Female ; Galactosamine ; pharmacology ; Imipenem ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; metabolism ; Male ; Pseudomonas Infections ; etiology ; mortality ; prevention & control ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; drug effects ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sepsis ; blood ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Survival Rate ; Time Factors