Aging is a crucial factor influencing postural stability control and contributing to frequent falls, yet its underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study aims to explore the effects of aging on postural stability control by comparing differences in postural stability and node strength of electroencephalogram (EEG) brain network between elderly and young people under the conditions of congruent and incongruent visual-vestibular sensory inputs. Eighteen elderly volunteers without neuromuscular disorders and eighteen young individuals participated in the present study. Virtual reality (VR) technology was employed to manipulate visual rotation stimuli (clockwise and counterclockwise), and a horizontal rotating platform was used for vestibular rotation stimuli (clockwise). Based on the directional disparity of sensory input in the horizontal plane, visual-vestibular input consistency was categorized as congruent and incongruent. Postural stability was assessed by the center of pressure (COP) trajectory, and EEG signals were collected and analyzed using directed network analysis to observe EEG brain network node connectivity strength. The results revealed that, under conditions of incongruent visual-vestibular sensory inputs, the elderly exhibited significantly inferior postural stability performance in terms of COP anterior-posterior (Y-axial) sway speed, total path length, anterior-posterior and medial-lateral sample entropy, compared to the young adults. Moreover, the node connectivity strength of visual cortex in the elderly was notably higher, while node connectivity strength of superior temporal cortex was significantly lower than that in the young adults. These findings suggest that the elderly have a heightened reliance on visual information in postural control and an impaired ability to cope with sensory conflicts arising from incongruent visual-vestibular sensory inputs, leading to compromised postural stability. The outcomes of this study hold significant implications for future assessments of balance function in the elder and fall prevention trainings.
Young Adult ; Humans ; Aged ; Adolescent ; Posture ; Postural Balance ; Aging ; Brain

The Trendelenburg position and reverse Trendelenburg position are frequently employed during lower abdominal surgery to achieve optimal surgical field visualization and complete exposure of the operative site, particularly under pneumoperitoneum conditions. However, these positions can have significant impacts on the patient's physiological functions. This article overviews the historical background of Trendelenburg position and reverse Trendelenbury position, their effects on various physiological functions, recent advancements in their clinical applications, and strategies for preventing and managing associated complications.
Humans ; Head-Down Tilt/physiology* ; Patient Positioning ; Abdomen ; Laparoscopy

In view of the high incidence of malignant diseases such as malignant arrhythmias in the elderly population, accidental injuries such as falls, and the problem of no witnesses when danger occurs, the study developed a human vital signs and body posture monitoring and positioning alarm system. Through the collection and analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG), respiration (RESP) and acceleration (ACC) signals, the system monitors human vital signs and body posture in real time, automatically judges critical states such as malignant arrhythmias and accidental falls on the local device side, and then issues alarm information, opens the positioning function, and uploads physiological information and patient location information through 4G communication. Experiments have shown that the system can accurately determine the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation and falls, and issue position and alarm information.
Humans ; Aged ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis* ; Ventricular Fibrillation ; Electrocardiography ; Accidental Falls ; Vital Signs ; Posture ; Monitoring, Physiologic

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of lateral prone position ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS: A prospective control study was conducted. A total of 75 patients with moderate to severe ARDS admitted to the department of critical care medicine of Jingxian Hospital in Anhui province from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the research objects. According to the envelope method, the patients were divided into the lateral prone position ventilation group (38 cases) and the traditional prone position ventilation (PPV) group (37 cases), using lateral prone position ventilation and traditional PPV, respectively. The mechanical ventilation parameters were set according to the ARDS treatment guidelines and lung protective ventilation requirements in both groups, and the time of prone position for the first 3 times was not less than 16 hours per day. General data of patients were recorded, including heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), airway resistance and lung static compliance (Cst) before prone position (T0), 1 hour (T1), 4 hours (T2), 8 hours (T3), and before the end of prone position (T4), oxygenation index (PaO₂/FiO₂) before the first prone position (t0) and 12 hours (t1), 24 hours (t2), 48 hours (t3), and 72 hours (t4) after the intensive care unit (ICU) admission, as well as the incidence of pressure injury (PI) and vomiting, tracheal intubation time, and mechanical ventilation time. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the effects of different prone positions on patients before and after the prone position. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, gender, body mass index (BMI), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II), underlying diseases, HR, MAP, pH value, PaO₂/FiO₂, blood lactic acid (Lac), arterial blood pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) and other general information between the two groups. The HR (intergroup effect: F = 0.845, P = 0.361; time effect: F = 1.373, P = 0.247; interaction: F = 0.245, P = 0.894), MAP (intergroup effect: F = 1.519, P = 0.222; time effect: F = 0.169, P = 0.954; interaction: F = 0.449, P = 0.773) and airway resistance (intergroup effect: F = 0.252, P = 0.617; time effect: F = 0.578, P = 0.679; interaction: F = 1.467, P = 0.212) of T0-T4 between two groups showed no significant difference. The Cst of T0-T4 between the two groups showed no significant difference in the intergroup effect (F = 0.311, P = 0.579) and the interaction (F = 0.364, P = 0.834), while the difference in the time effect was statistically significant (F = 120.546, P < 0.001). The PaO₂/FiO₂ of t0-t4 between the two groups showed no significant difference in the intergroup effect (F = 0.104, P = 0.748) and the interaction (F = 0.147, P = 0.964), while the difference in the time effect was statistically significant (F = 17.638, P < 0.001). The group factors and time factors were tested separately, and there were no significant differences in the HR, MAP, airway resistance, Cst, PaO₂/FiO₂ between the two groups at different time points (all P > 0.05). The Cst at T1-T4 and PaO₂/FiO₂ at t1-t4 in the two groups were significantly higher than those at T0/t0 (all P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the tracheal intubation time [days: 6.75 (5.78, 8.33) vs. 7.00 (6.30, 8.45)] and mechanical ventilation time [days: 8.30 (6.70, 9.20) vs. 7.40 (6.80, 8.75)] between the lateral prone position ventilation group and the traditional PPV group (both P > 0.05). However, the incidences of PI [7.9% (3/38) vs. 27.0% (10/37)] and vomiting [10.5% (4/38) vs. 29.7% (11/37)] in the lateral prone position ventilation group were significantly lower than those in the traditional PPV group (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both lateral prone position ventilation and traditional PPV can improve Cst and oxygenation in patients with moderate to severe ARDS. The two types of prone position have little influence on HR, MAP and airway resistance of patients, and there is no difference in the influence on tracheal intubation time and mechanical ventilation time of patients. However, the lateral prone position ventilation mode can reduce the incidence of PI and vomiting, and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Humans ; Respiration, Artificial ; Prone Position ; Prospective Studies ; Lung ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/therapy* ; Respiration ; Vomiting

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review safety and tolerance of enteral nutrition (EN) in a prone position, as well as the risks of increased gastric residual volume (GRV), vomiting, aspiration, and ventilator-associated pneumonia, and determine the ways to improve EN tolerance in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS: Databases including PubMed, Embase and Wanfang Medical data of the English and Chinese literatures were retrieved up from January 1979 to January 2022 to collet the randomized controlled trial (RCT), non-RCT, and observational studies, concerning safety and tolerance of EN in a prone position with ARDS. All trials must have a minimum of two patient groups, one of which must be prone to ARDS and receive EN. Data searching extracting and quality evaluation were assessed by two reviewers independently. RevMan 5.4 software was used for analysis. RESULTS: A total of 9 studies were included, including 2 RCTs, 2 non-RCTs, 4 prospective observational studies, and 1 retrospective observational study. The starting and increasing rate of EN were typically well tolerated in the prone position compared to the supine position in patients with ARDS, there was no significant increase in GRV (mL: 95 vs. 110), and the incidence of vomiting was not noticeably higher (0%-35% vs. 33%-57%). The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia with EN was not significantly higher in the prone position than in the supine position in patients with ARDS (6%-35% vs. 15%-24%). Aspiration occurred at a similar rate in patients in the nasogastric tube and post-pyloric feeding groups with EN in patients with ARDS in the prone position (22% vs. 20%). EN tolerability with nasogastric and nasojejunal tubes was similar in prone positions, with no significant difference in EN intolerance incidences (15% vs. 22%). Head elevation (30 degree angle-45 degree angle) improved EN tolerance in the prone position in patients with ARDS, thereby increasing the early EN dose [odds ratio (OR) = 0.48, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.22-1.08, P = 0.08]. Additionally, prophylactic application of gastrointestinal motility drugs, such as erythromycin, at the start of EN in a prone position significantly improved patients' EN tolerance (OR = 1.14, 95%CI was 0.63-2.05, P = 0.67). CONCLUSIONS The use of gastric tube for EN in prone position and similar feeding speed to the supine position in patients with ARDS is safe and well tolerated. The initiation and dosing of EN should not be delayed in the prone position. EN tolerance may be increased by elevating the head of the bed during enteral feeding in a prone position, and gastrointestinal motility medications should be promptly administered with EN initiation in patients with ARDS.
Humans ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/etiology* ; Enteral Nutrition ; Prone Position ; Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects* ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/etiology* ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Observational Studies as Topic

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different postures on direct anterior approach(DAA) total hip arthroplasty. METHODS: Total of 94 patients who underwent DAA total hip arthroplasty from July 2016 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups according to different positions during the operation, including 45 cases in lateral position and 49 cases in supine position (with the aid of stent). The general data such as gender, affected limb, body mass index(BMI), incision length, operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, drainage volume 24 hours after operation, hemoglobin difference before and after operation, first landing time after operation, postoperative hospitalization time, postoperative complications, visual analogue scale(VAS) at 1 day, 1, 2 weeks, 1, 3 and 6 months after operation, Harris score at 1, 2 weeks, 1, 3 and 6 months after operation were observed and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Patients in both groups were followed up for 6 to 12 months with an average of (8.31±2.22) months. There was no significant difference between two groups in gender, affected limb, age, height, weight, body mass index(BMI), preoperative VAS score and preoperative Harris score(P>0.05). The incision length, operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, 24-hour drainage volume, hemoglobin difference before and after operation, first time to the ground and postoperative hospitalization time of patients in supine position (assisted by stent) group were all better than those in lateral position group(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in the number of blood transfusions during and after operation(P=0.550). There was no significant difference in anteversion angle and abduction angle in the supine position(with the aid of stent) group during and after operation (P=0.825, P=0.066);There was significant difference in anteversion angle and abduction angle in the lateral position group during and after operation(P<0.05). VAS of patients in supine position (assisted by stent) group were lower than those in lateral position group at 1 day, 1, 2 weeks and 1 month after operation(P<0.05), and there was no statistical difference between two groups at 3 and 6 months after operation(P>0.05). Harris scores of patients in supine position(assisted by stent) group were higher than those in lateral position group at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after operation(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between two groups at 6 months after operation(P>0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with the lateral position, the supine position DAA total hip arthroplasty has the advantages of small incision, short operation time, less bleeding, early landing time, short hospitalization time, and small intraoperative acetabular cup position judgment error. It has the advantage of fast postoperative recovery, but the recovery of hip joint function is the same after 6 months.
Humans ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Retrospective Studies ; Antiviral Agents ; Treatment Outcome ; Posture

The awake prone position plays an important role in the treatment of hypoxemia and the improvement of respiratory distress symptoms in non-intubated patients. It is widely used in clinical practice because of its simple operation, safety, and economy. To enable clinical medical staff to scientifically and normatively implement prone position for awake patients without intubation, the committees of consensus formulation, guided by evidence-based methodology and Delphi method, conducted literature search, literature quality evaluation and evidence synthesis around seven topics, including indications and contraindications, evaluation, implementation, monitoring and safety management, termination time, complication prevention and health education of awake prone position. After two rounds of expert letter consultation, Expert consensus on implementation strategy of awake prone positioning for non-intubated patients in China (2023) was formulated, and provide guidance for clinical medical staff.
Humans ; Consensus ; Prone Position ; Wakefulness ; China ; Dyspnea

INTRODUCTION: Due to COVID-19 pandemic, many have shifted into working at home which led to physical inactivity. This may cause musculoskeletal discomfort, chronic disease, muscle atrophy and spinal imbalance due to improper and prolonged sitting posture. Since mobile devices are relatively available for most of the office workers, there were still a lack of evidence-based mobile applications that can counteract the inactivity through exercises, which led to the researchers to create an application called SitMate that consists of evidence-based exercises which aimed to prevent musculoskeletal discomfort among a business process outsourcing company Workforce Management Personnel (BPO-WMP). METHODS: Eleven participants (18-40 years old) full-time, work-from-home BPO-WMP were randomized into Treatment Group(TG)(n=6) and Control Group (CG)(n=5). The TG received one month intervention with the use of SitMate Application containing relaxation exercises, range of motion exercises and stretching exercises, and notifications for postural correction while the CG continued their usual working schedule. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between two groups on all body parts that were measured using the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire, and no significant differences in the intragroup pre-test and post-test scores on all body parts between TG and CG. For the intra-group post-test of the TG, there were noted improvements on the hip/buttock, right shoulder, upper back (median = 0) and right wrist (median = 1.5). There was also a noted increase in discomfort on the neck (median = 1.5) and lower back (median = 3). For the post-test of the CG, there were noted improvements on the right shoulder, right wrist (median = 0) and lower back (median = 1.5). CONCLUSION This study has shown that the SitMate application does not effectively reduce the prolonged sitting-related discomfort among the personnel after 1 month of intervention.
mobile application ; musculoskeletal discomfort ; physical inactivity ; low back pain ; posture

Humans ; COVID-19 ; Prone Position ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Patient Positioning

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of 300 mL carbohydrates intake two hours before sur-gery on the gastric volume (GV) in patients positioning in trendelenburg undergoing gynecological laparoscopic procedures by using gastric antrum sonography, and further assess the risk of reflux aspiration. METHODS: From June 2020 to February 2021, a total of 80 patients, aged 18-65 years, body mass index (BMI) 18-35 kg/m², falling into American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, scheduled for gynecological laparoscopic procedures positioning in trendelenburg were recruited and divided into two groups: the observation group (n =40) and the control group (n=40). In the observation group, solid food was restricted after 24:00, the patients were required to take 300 mL carbohydrates two hours before surgery. In the control group, solid food and liquid intake were restricted after 24:00 the night before surgery. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of gastric antrum was measured in supine position and right lateral decubitus position before anesthesia. Primary outcome was gastric volume (GV) in each group. Secondary outcome included Perlas A semi-quantitative grading and gastric volume/weight (GV/W). All the patients received assessment of preoperative feeling of thirsty and hunger with visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: Complete data were available in eighty patients. GV was (58.8±23.6) mL in the intervention group vs. (56.3±22.1) mL in the control group, GV/W was (0.97±0.39) mL/kg vs. (0.95±0.35) mL/kg, respectively; all the above showed no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Perlas A semi-quantitative grading showed 0 in 24 patients (60%), 1 in 15 patients (37.5%), 2 in 1 patient (2.5%) in the intervention group and 0 in 25 (62.5%), 1 in 13 (32.5%), 2 in 2 (5%) in the control group, the proportion of Perlas A semi-quantitative grading showed no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). A total of 3 patients (1 in the intervention group and 2 in the control group) with Perlas A semi-quantitative grading 2 were treated with special intervention, no aspiration case was observed in this study. The observation group endured less thirst and hunger (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION Three hundred mL carbohydrates intake two hours before surgery along with ultrasound guided gastric content monitoring does not increase gastric volume and the risk of reflux aspiration in patients positioning in trendelenburg undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery, and is helpful in minimizing disturbance to the patient's physiological needs, therefore leading to better clinical outcome.
Female ; Humans ; Supine Position ; Prospective Studies ; Pyloric Antrum ; Laparoscopy/adverse effects* ; Carbohydrates