Objective To apply ultrasound to monitor cardiac function changes after anthracycline exposure in children with acute leukemia,in order to obtain the indicators of early changes in their cardiac function.Methods Children with acute leukemia from 2018 March to December 2020 in the Children's Hospital of Kunming Medical University were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,their routine cardiac ultrasound and tissue Doppler condition were recorded,and the changes in systolic function were evaluated by Tei index including TeiS,TeiRL,TeiM and TeiT.Results The mean values of LVEF in the normal and the experimental group were both above 60%.FS,SV,and EDV were all in the normal range.While common indicant,the index of TDI or Tei was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The levels of TeiM,TeiRL and TieT in the groups that received a total dose of 200 mg/m2 anthracyclines and 250 mg/m2 were significantly different from that before treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion Tei index can be utilized as a sensitive indicator for early changes in left and right heart function after children with acute leukemia are exposed to anthracyclines.

AIM To explore the clinical effects of Shuilu Erxian Pills combined with Modified Didang Decoction on patients with early and middle stage diabetic nephropathy.METHODS Eighty-three patients were randomly assigned into control group(42 cases)for 12-week administration of Irbesartan Tablets,and observation group(41 cases)for 12-week administration of Shuilu Erxian Pills,Modified Didang Decoction and Irbesartan Tablets.The changes in clinical effects,TCM syndrome scores,blood glucose indices(FBG,HbA1c),blood lipid indices(TC,TG),renal function indices(BUN,Scr,24 h UTP,eGFR),inflammatory factors(IL-1β,hs-CRP,IL-6,TNF-α,IL-18,TGF-β1),immune function indices(lymphocyte,neutrophil,CD8+,CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+)and incidence of adverse reactions were detected.RESULTS The observation group demonstrated higher total effective rate than the control group(P＜0.05).After the treatment,the observation group displayed decreased TCM syndrome scores,blood glucose indices,blood lipid indices,BUN,Scr,24 h UTP,inflammatory factors,CD8+(P＜0.05),reduced lymphocyte,neutrophil(P＜0.05),and increased eGFR,CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+(P＜0.05),which were more obvious than those in the control group(except for HbA1c,TG,SCr,24 h UTP,lymphocyte,neutrophil)(P＜0.05).No significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions was found between the two groups(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION For the patients with early and middle stage diabetic nephropathy,Shuilu Erxian Pills combined with Modified Didang Decoction can safely and effectively improve clinical symptoms,whose mechanism may contribute to the reduction of inflammatory levels and improvement of immune functions.

Occupational exposure to diacetyl can lead to bronchiolitis obliterans. In this paper, two patients with severe obstructive ventilation disorder who were exposed to diacetyl at a fragrance and flavours factory were analyzed. The clinical manifestations were cough and shortness of breath. One of them showed Mosaic shadows and uneven perfusion in both lungs on CT, while the other was normal. Field investigation found that 4 of the 8 workers in the factory were found to have obstructive ventilation disorder, and 2 had small airway dysfunction. This paper summarizes the diagnostic process of patients in order to improve the understanding of airway dysfunction caused by occupational exposure to diacetyl and promote the development of relevant standards.
Humans ; Diacetyl/adverse effects* ; Occupational Diseases/diagnosis* ; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects* ; Lung ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans/diagnosis*

An eco-friendly and fast HPLC method was developed for the determination of adenosine, inosine, guanosine and uridine in Cordyceps and related products (fermented mycelia of Hirsutella sinensis andPaecilomyces hepiali). The sample was ultrasonically extracted using 0.5% phosphoric acid solutions for 2.5 min. Sample separation was performed on a Poroshell SB-Aq column (50 mm × 4.6 mm, 2.7 μm) using eco-friendly mobile phase consisting of formic acid and ammonium formate aqueous solution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min
Adenosine ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cordyceps ; Nucleosides

Depression is a psychiatric disease that seriously affects human life in the context of rapid social development and increased living pressure, and brings serious healthproblems and economic burdens to human society.Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history in the treatment of depression, and Xiaoyaosan has been repeatedly confirmed as a classic prescription for the intervention in depression, but its antidepressant mechanism and its active ingredients are still unclear.Through the search of China Knowledge Network(CNKI) and PubMed database, the literature and data on the clinical and mechanism research of Xiaoyaosan and its analogous prescriptions on depression in the past 10 years are systematically sorted out.It is found that Xiaoyao San and its analogous prescriptions are mainly focusing on the following aspects: regulating hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, affecting 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), norepinephrine(NE) neurotransmitters in hippocampus, interfering with inflammatory reaction process, modulating the BDNF/CREB signaling pathway, regulating intestinal flora and gastrointestinal function, regulating endothelial window foramen of hepatic sinus, repairing chronic stress-induced blood-brain barrier permeability, affecting autophagy to reduce neuronal apoptosis, and regulating the leukoplakia-nuclear adrenal gland (LC-NE) system to play an antidepressant role.The main active ingredient including, saikosaponin A which could down-regulate interleukin expression level, saikosaponin D which alleviates HPA axis dysfunction, quercetin which inhibits corticotropin-releasing-factor(CRF) mRNA expression, paeoniflorin which regulates neurotransmitters, and paeoni lactone which inhibits hyperfunction of HPA axis Glycosides, reduce inflammatory cytokines, atractylenolide I, atractylenolide Il, atractylenolide Ill, which could reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA and inhibit NF-κB activated, curcumin which could play the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant roles, L-menthol which could suppress the HPA axis overactivation, liquiritin isoliquiritin which could regulate the monoamine neurotransmitters, and isoliquiritigenin which could inhibit the monoamine oxidase.

Objective To investigate the structural and functional changes of immune system in aging Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Sixty SPF 4-6-week old SD rats(male:female=1:1)were used in this study. Ten of them were randomly taken and euthanized every 6 months. The dynamic changes of T cell proliferation,expression of cytokines,serum levels of SOD and MDA and histopathology were examined. Results Obvious histological changes of thymus and spleen were observed in the aging rats. Compared with the young SD rats,in the aging rats,the lymphocyte transformation ability was decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),number of splenic cells was declined(P<0.05,P<0.01),NK(P<0.05,P<0.01)and T cell subset was reduced(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the production of IL-2 was decreased as well(P<0.05, P<0.01). The serum level of SOD in old rats was lower,MDA was increased,with significant differences(P<0.05,P<0.01). The immunohistochemical staining showed that more extensive staining was found in the nuclei of thymocytes from the aging rats,while the 8-OHdG formation in thymic tissues was mostly located in the thymic medulla. Conclusions Aging process is accompanied by immune impairment,oxidative stress can also impair the immune response in aging rats. Our findings indicate that structural and functional alterations of immune system in aging rats may be closely related with ox-idative damages.

With the rising detection rate of strains with extensive drug resistance clinically, there is an increasingly urgent need of novel anti-microbial agents. More and more researchers put emphasis on bacteriophage therapy and have made great progress in this field. A large number of studies showed that some bacteriophages could produce enzymes which killed the host bacteria by degrading polysaccharides in their extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). This review introduces the classification of phage polysaccharide depolymerases and their action mode, the methods to determine whether the phage produces depolymerases, and their applications in anti-bacterial treatment, biofilm degradation and bacterial capsule typing.

In this study, we evaluated the difference ot biological characteristics in the MERS-CoV infected mice model in prior to transduction with different dosage of human DPP4. Firstly, we transduced different dosage of DPP4 (high or low) into mice, and then challenged them with MERS-CoV in order to establish the model. After establishment of mice model, we observed the clinical signs of disease, virus replication, immunopathogenesis and antibody response. The results indicated that the infected mice showed typical pneumonia, virus replication, histological lesions, and neutralizing antibody production. Moreover, the high dosage group was superior to the low dosage group. Fourteen days after infection, the specific antibody to virus structural protein and neutralizing antibody were analyzed, the high dosage group induced higher level antibody. In summary, the MERS-CoV infected mice model were established prior transduction with DPP4, and the level of DPP4 influenced the clinical signs of disease, virus replication and antibody response in this model.
Animals ; Coronavirus Infections ; enzymology ; genetics ; pathology ; virology ; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ; genetics ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo document ultrastructural changes of brain, spinal cord, skeletal muscle, jejunum and lung of EV71 infection mouse model, and to explore the myotropism and pathogenesis of EV71 in nervous system.

METHODSTen-day-old suckling mice were infected with EV71 strain via the intraperitoneal route. Mice with paralysis were scarified on day 4 post infection and the brain, spinal cord, skeletal muscle, jejunum and lung were sampled for transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy.

RESULTSLesions in brain were generally mild with inner chamber swelling in some of mitochondria. Myelin sheaths of medullated fibers were split with vacuolated changes. The Nissl bodies in anterior motor neurons disappeared along with mitochondria swelling, rough endoplasmic reticulum swelling and degranulation. Cytoplasm of anterior motor neurons showed cribriform appearance accompanied by neuronophagia. The bands of skeletal muscle in the infected group disappeared with degeneration and karyopyknosis in myocytes, in addition to mitochondrial swelling. Microvilli of epithelium in jejunum became loosely arranged along with formation of spiral medullary sheath structure and mitochondria swelling. Interstitial pneumonia was observed in lungs with type II pneumocyte proliferation and evacuation of the multilamellar bodies.

CONCLUSIONSEV71 infection causes severe myositis in the mouse model suggesting a strong myotropism of EV71 virus. The presence of lesions of various degrees in central nervous system and changes in anterior motor neurons may be associated with limb paralysis.

Animals ; Brain ; ultrastructure ; virology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enterovirus A, Human ; Enterovirus Infections ; pathology ; virology ; Jejunum ; ultrastructure ; virology ; Lung ; ultrastructure ; virology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Muscle, Skeletal ; ultrastructure ; virology ; Spinal Cord ; ultrastructure ; virology

To explore the fumigation and moxibustion therapy in treatment of ulcer and sore of yin syndrome. The fumigation and moxibustion therapy is the combination of fumigation and moxibustion, in which, smoking fumigation is provided with warming effect and the actions as moxibustion. This therapy works on the efficacy of both fumigation and moxibustion. In treatment, different herbal medicines can be selected flexibly, acting on dispersing yin and rescuing yang. The fumigation and moxibustion therapy can drain toxin and remove ulcer and sore. It contributes to the treatment of boils and chronic sores of yin syndrome and promotes wound healing.
Fumigation ; methods ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; Pain Management ; Syndrome ; Ulcer ; therapy ; Yin-Yang