Objective: To explore the clinical value of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) and VITRO score (vWF:Ag/platelet count) in assessing disease progression in patients with HBV infection. Methods: Randomly collect relevant clinical data of 308 patients with HBV infection (including 154 cases of chronic hepatitis B, 66 cases of hepatitis B cirrhosis in compensatory period, 88 cases of hepatitis B cirrhosis in decompensated period) from December 1, 2018 to January 5, 2021 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The vWF values are measured by a uniform optical method, and all data are included using a uniform standard. Analyze the difference and significance of plasma vWF level and VITRO score in chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis B cirrhosis in the compensatory phase and decompensated phase. Results: The plasma vWF level and VITRO score of the chronic hepatitis B group were (139.47±76.44) and (0.86±0.8), respectively, and the hepatitis B cirrhosis compensated group was (164.95±67.12 and 1.44±1.14), respectively. Hepatitis cirrhosis decompensated group were (317.48±103.32 and 6.81±4.98), respectively; plasma vWF level and VITRO score increased with the progression of HBV infection, and the difference was statistically significant (F=133.669,P=0.000F=137.598,P=0.000).The plasma vWF level and VITRO score in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis were (185.65±85.07 and 2.3±2.37) in the Child-Pugh A group, (304.74±105.81 and 6.37±5.19) in the B grade group, and (369.48±73.238.28±5.38) in the C grade group; plasma vWF level and VITRO score in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis increased with the increase of Child-Pugh grade, and the difference was statistically significant (F=60.236, P=0.000F=32.854, P=0.000). The area under the curve (AUC) of plasma vWF level and VITRO score for diagnosing the decompensated stage of hepatitis B cirrhosis were 0.897 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.855-0.940, P＜0.01], 0.949 [95% CI: 0.916-0.982, P＜0.01). When the vWF level and VITRO score were taken as cut-off values of 238.5% and 1.65, respectively, the sensitivity of diagnosing the decompensated stage of hepatitis B cirrhosis was 79.5% and 94.3%, the specificity was 92.3% and 87.7%, and the positive predictive value was 80.5% and 94.3%, the negative predictive value was 91.9% and 97.5%, and the diagnostic accuracy was 88.6% and 89.3%. Among the patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis, the level of vWF in the group with gastrointestinal bleeding (367.24±68.29)% was significantly higher than that in the group without gastrointestinal bleeding (286.15±109.69)%, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.001) The VITRO score of the group with gastrointestinal bleeding (9.12±5.4) was significantly higher than that of the group without gastrointestinal bleeding (5.36±4.13), and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01). The vWF level in the spontaneous peritonitis group was (341.73±87.92)% higher than that in the non-spontaneous peritonitis group (296.32±111.74)%, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no statistical difference in VITRO score between the two groups. significance. Conclusion: Plasma vWF level and VITRO score can evaluate the progression of liver disease and the degree of decompensation of liver cirrhosis in patients with HBV infection, and have a predictive effect on various complications after decompensation of liver cirrhosis, and have certain guiding significance for early intervention measures.
Disease Progression ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology* ; Hepatitis B/complications* ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/virology* ; Peritonitis/complications* ; von Willebrand Factor/analysis*

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment of Pseudomonas peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis(PsP). Methods The data of patients receiving peritoneal dialysis in four tertiary hospitals in Jilin province from 2015 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the etiological classification,the patients with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis(PDAP)were classified into PsP group and non-PsP group.The incidence of PsP was calculated,and the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of the two groups were compared.Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve,and Cox regression was performed to analyze the risk factors affecting the technical failure of PsP.The treatment options of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-caused PDAP and the drug sensitivity of PsP were summarized. Results A total of 1530 peritoneal dialysis patients with complete data were included in this study,among which 439 patients had 664 times of PDAP.The incidence of PsP was 0.007 episodes/patient-year.PsP group had higher proportion of refractory peritonitis(41.38% vs.19.69%,P=0.005),lower cure rate(55.17% vs.80.79%, P=0.001),and higher extubation rate(24.14% vs.7.09%,P=0.003)than non-PsP group.The technical survival rate of PsP group was lower than that of non-PsP group(P<0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was an independent risk factor for technical failure in patients with PsP(HR=9.020,95%CI=1.141-71.279,P=0.037).Pseudomonas was highly sensitive to amikacin,meropenem,and piperacillin-tazobactam while highly resistant to compound sulfamethoxazole,cefazolin,and ampicillin. Conclusion The treatment outcome of PsP is worse than that of non-PsP,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an independent risk factor for technical failure of PsP.
Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects* ; Peritonitis/etiology* ; Pseudomonas ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Humans ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ; Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects* ; Peritonitis/etiology*

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of the first episode of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP) in patients receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis. METHODS: The clinical data of patients with the first episode of PDAP in 4 general hospitals in Jilin Province from 2013 to 2019 were collected retrospectively. According to the duration of dialysis, the patients were divided into long-term (≥36 months) and short-term (< 36 months) dialysis groups for comparison of the clinical data, treatment outcomes and long-term prognostic events. RESULTS: A total of 625 patients with PDAP were enrolled, including 93 on long-term and 532 on short-term dialysis. Compared with those on short-term dialysis, the patients on long-term dialysis had significantly higher hemoglobin levels and lower glomerular filtration rates when the first episode of PDAP occurred ( CONCLUSIONS Compared with those on short-term dialysis, patients on long-term dialysis are prone to gram-negative bacterial infection when the first episode of PDAP occurs with worse treatment outcomes but similar long-term outcomes. Long-term dialysis is an independent risk factor of extubation and treatment failure for the first episode of PDAP, and fungal and mixed bacterial infections are independent risk factors for treatment failure of the first PDAP in patients with long-term dialysis.
Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy* ; Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects* ; Peritonitis/etiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis is recognized as a common complication of peritoneal dialysis. Eosinophilic peritonitis is a rare type of non-infection PD-related peritonitis. Eosinophilic peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients was first reported in 1967. The cause of eosinophilic peritonitis is obscure, however it may be related to some etiologies: (1) hypersensitivity to PD materials, including catheter or dialysate; (2) bacteria, fungal or mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Clinical investigations include asymptomatic cloudy PD effluent, fever, abdominal pain and eosinophil count elevate in PD effluent. Eosinophilic peritonitis is usually mild and self-limited. With the development of PD, more eosinophilic peritonitis cases and researches were reported. Here, we report a patient on CAPD with eosinophilic peritonitis. A 71-year-old female patient developed end-stage renal disease for 4 years and underwent CAPD (2 000 mL of 1.5% dialysis solution with four exchanges daily) for 5 months. With a history of unclean food, she was hospitalized for complaints of diarrhea, fever and cloudy peritoneal effluent for 10 days. Dialysis effluent showed an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count of 1 980 cell/mm³, with 60% polymorphonuclear cells. She was diagnosed as PD-related peritonitis, and therapy was initiated with intraperitoneal ceftazidime 1 g once a day and vancomycin 500 mg every other day. She was admitted to the hospital as the symptoms were not relieved. Her peripheral blood cell count showed a total WBC count of 6 940 cells/mm³, 36.8% eosinophil. Her PD effluent analysis showed turbidity, total WBC count of 1 480 cells/mm³, and 83% polymorphonuclear cells. Her dialysate bacteria culture, fungus culture, polymerase chain reaction for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB-PCR), acid-fast stain were all negative. On admission day 4, the treatments were changed to levofloxacin 200 mg once a day and vancomycin 500 mg every other day. After two weeks of antibiotics treatment, patient's symptoms were not completely improved and her dialysis effluent remained cloudy. Her blood eosinophil count elevated to 36.8%，eosinophil proportion in PD effluent>90% and PD effluent pathological findings showed eosinophil>90%. Eosinophilic peritonitis was diagnosed and a decision was made to give loratadine daily dose of 10 mg orally. The possible reasons might be the patient's allergy to some components of PD solution or connection systems in the beginning of PD, and this bacterial peritonitis episode, as well as the application of vancomycin, might lead to the fact that eosinophilic peritonitis acutely developed. For there was no improvement in clinical symptoms, loratadine was stopped, and the patient was discharged 18 days later, and received follow-up closely. Two months later, eosinophil count in blood and PD fluid decreased to normal range with no symptom. This case reminds us that in any PD-related peritonitis patient with prolonged symptoms after appropriate antibiotic therapy, and typical clinical symptoms, the diagnosis of eosinophilic peritonitis should be considered. For the count and percentage of eosinophils are not routinely reported in most laboratories, doctors need to contact the department of laboratory and the department of pathology, to confirm the cell count and proportion of eosinophils in dialysis effluent, so as to make the definite diagnosis, which can not only avoid antibiotics overuse, but also avoid antibiotics-induced eosinophilic peritonitis (such as vancomycin).
Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Eosinophilia/etiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy* ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory/adverse effects* ; Peritoneum ; Peritonitis/etiology*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Data on the epidemiology of alcoholic cirrhosis, especially in Asian countries, are limited. We compared the temporal evolution of patterns of alcoholic and nonalcoholic cirrhosis over the last decade. METHODS: We retrospectively examined the inpatient datasets of five referral centers during 2002 and 2011. The study included patients who were admitted due to specific complications of liver cirrhosis. We compared the causes of hospital admissions and in-hospital deaths between patients with alcoholic and nonalcoholic cirrhosis. RESULTS: Among the included 2,799 hospitalizations (2,165 patients), 1,496 (1,143 patients) were from 2002, and 1,303 (1,022 patients) were from 2011. Over time, there was a reduction in the rate of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) as a cause of hospitalization and an increase in the rate of hepatocellular carcinoma. Deaths that were attributable to HE or spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) significantly decreased, whereas those due to hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) significantly increased over time in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. However, in patients with nonalcoholic cirrhosis, hepatic failure and HRS remained the principal causes of in-hospital death during both time periods. CONCLUSIONS: The major causes of in-hospital deaths have evolved from acute cirrhotic complications, including HE or SBP to HRS in alcoholic cirrhosis, whereas those have remained unchanged in nonalcoholic cirrhosis during the last decade.
Aged ; Asia/epidemiology ; Bacterial Infections/etiology/mortality ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology/mortality ; Cause of Death ; Female ; Hepatic Encephalopathy/etiology/mortality ; Hepatorenal Syndrome/etiology/mortality ; Hospital Mortality/*trends ; Hospitalization/*trends ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/*complications/mortality ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/*complications/mortality ; Liver Neoplasms/etiology/mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peritonitis/microbiology/mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors

No abstract available.
Amphotericin B/therapeutic use ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Cryptococcosis/*diagnosis/drug therapy/microbiology ; Cryptococcus/classification/drug effects/*isolation & purification ; DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry/metabolism ; Fluconazole/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory ; Peritonitis/*diagnosis/etiology ; Phylogeny ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects/isolation & purification ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid

No abstract available.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Cardiac Tamponade/etiology ; Drainage ; Empyema, Pleural/diagnosis/*etiology/microbiology/therapy ; Heart Diseases/diagnosis/*etiology/microbiology/therapy ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/*therapy ; Male ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification ; Middle Aged ; Pericardial Effusion/etiology ; Pericardial Window Techniques ; Pericardiocentesis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory/*adverse effects ; Peritonitis/diagnosis/drug therapy/*etiology/microbiology ; Pleural Effusion/etiology ; Staphylococcal Infections/diagnosis/drug therapy/*etiology/microbiology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is an often-fatal complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). We here report the clinical features of EPS in Korean PD patients from a single university center. METHODS: The data were collected retrospectively from 606 PD patients at Kyungpook National University Hospital, between August 2001 and August 2011. The diagnosis of EPS was based on clinical signs and symptoms, and confirmed by radiological findings. RESULTS: Eight patients (1.3%, four males) were diagnosed with EPS. The mean age of the patients was 48.5 years (range, 33 to 65). The mean duration of PD was 111.8 months (range, 23 to 186). All patients except for one had three or more episodes of peritonitis. Seven patients were diagnosed with EPS after stopping PD, and only one stayed on PD after initial diagnosis and treatment. Total parenteral nutrition and corticosteroids, in addition to tamoxifen therapy, were used to treat most of the patients, and one patient underwent surgery (adhesiolysis). The overall mortality rate was 50%. CONCLUSIONS: EPS is a serious, life-threatening complication in patients on long-term PD. To reduce the incidence and mortality rate of EPS, careful monitoring and early diagnosis is needed.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; *Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Peritoneal Dialysis/*adverse effects/mortality ; *Peritoneal Fibrosis/diagnosis/etiology/mortality/therapy ; *Peritonitis/diagnosis/etiology/mortality/therapy ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Tamoxifen/therapeutic use ; Time Factors ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

This study describes the first case of biliary peritonitis after radiofrequency ablation diagnosed by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA), a hepatocyte-specific MR imaging contrast agent. The image acquired 300 minutes after the administration of Gd-EOB-DTPA was useful to make a definite diagnosis and to identify the pathway of bile leakage. It is important to decide on the acquisition timing with consideration of the predicted location of bile duct injury.
Aged, 80 and over ; Bile Duct Diseases/*diagnosis/etiology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis/surgery ; Catheter Ablation/*adverse effects ; Contrast Media/diagnostic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gadolinium DTPA/*diagnostic use ; Hepatectomy/adverse effects/methods ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis/*surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods ; Male ; Peritonitis/*diagnosis/etiology