BACKGROUND:Exercise has a regulatory effect on intestinal flora and glucose metabolism,but the effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise on intestinal flora and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise on glucose metabolism and intestinal flora in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS:Eleven patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited,among which,two were lost to the follow-up and nine were finally enrolled.High-intensity intermittent exercise intervention was conducted 3 times per week for 6 continuous weeks.Fasting blood and fecal samples were collected before and after the intervention.Glucose metabolism indexes were detected in the blood samples,and intestinal flora was detected in the fecal samples.Changes in glucose metabolism indexes and intestinal flora indexes of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus before and after the intervention were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 6 weeks of high-intensity intermittent exercise intervention,fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein levels in patients were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and fasting insulin,although not significantly changed,was decreased compared with before intervention.Alpha diversity analysis showed that the diversity(Shannon index),richness(Chao index)and coverage(Coverage index)did not change significantly.Venn diagrams showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,and Fusobacteria in the intestinal flora of the patients increased,and the relative abundance of Firmicutes decreased,and a significant decrease was seen in Ruminococcus_torques and Ruminococcus_gnavus in the Firmicutes,which were both positively correlated with the abnormalities of the glycemic metabolism-related indicators,as well as with other disease development.All these findings indicate that high-intensity intermittent exercise intervention has an improvement effect on the glycemic metabolism-related indexes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and the abundance of beneficial flora in the intestinal tract increases,and the abundance of harmful flora decreased,enhancing the stability of the intestinal flora in patients.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of the course of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Sciences in the Laboratory Medicine Faculty of Sun Yat-sen University. Methods:Twenty-four undergraduate students in Batch 2016 of Medical Laboratory Faculty were divided into small groups (4-6 students per group). They learned each case in groups before class. In the first session of each class, the case-based study (CBS) tutor would randomly assign case-related questions to the students. Students were required to present their answers in class. The CBS tutor would guide the students to discuss the case further. In the second session, a lecture associated with the case would be given by a special subject lecturer. After the course, students, tutors and lecturers were given questionnaires and were randomly interviewed to comprehensively understand the course's effectiveness. SPSS 19.0 was used for statistics.Results:Most case discussion tutors agreed that they could guide students to discuss clinical cases well in class and give comments according to students' presentations (93.75%, 15/16). Most of the lecturers agreed that they could well guide students to think about the relationship between laboratory and clinical diagnosis and treatment in class (91.67%, 11/12). Both teachers and students had very positive evaluations of the learning mode, learning content, inspiration to students, and teachers' ability of this course. All the teachers and students agreed that the learning mode of combining CBS with special subject lecture was more helpful for the students to systematically learn medical knowledge compared with a CBS session alone or a lecture alone.Conclusion:The course, Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Sciences, which combines the CBS with the traditional lecture mode, integrates the advantages of the two learning modes. It not only stimulates students' enthusiasm for active learning, deepens clinical knowledge memory, and builds a clinical thinking model, but also enriches the teaching modes of medical laboratory education.

Objective To determine the seasonal fluctuation and population distribution of Aedes albopictus in Jiading District， and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of dengue fever and other Aedes-borne diseases. Methods In 2020， the mosq-ovitrap method and mosq-ovitrap index （MOI） were used to monitor and evaluate the density of Aedes albopictus in Jiading District. Spatial and temporal distribution of Aedes albopictus was determined. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results In 2020， the annual average MOI was determined to be 4.10， which was under safety threshold. The seasonal fluctuations showed a unimodal distribution， which peaked in July. The fluctuation trend in urban area was similar to the overall trend， while that in the non-urban area showed a bimodal distribution with peaks in June and August. The density of Aedes albopictus at different monitoring sites varied widely，with the highest MOI （6.64） at Anting town and the lowest MOI （2.09） at Huating town. The distribution of Aedes albopictus in different habitats also varied widely； the highest density was observed in environments as waste collection stations and construction sites， with the highest MOI 33.33 in waste collection stations in peak season. The MOI value of Aedes albopictus in residential areas was significantly higher than that in non-residential areas （χ² = 6.082， P = 0.014）. Conclusion Aedes albopictus is quite common in Jiading District. In certain areas， Aedes density may exceed the safety threshold from May to September. More targeted mosquito control measures should be implemented in waste collection stations， construction sites and residential areas.

Objective To study the detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-DNA in different kinds of blood and urine sample .Methods The CMV-DNA loads in 3 different kinds of blood sample from 52 patients and 3 different kinds of urine sample from 85 patients were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymer-ase chain reaction(FQ-PCR) .The differences in CMV-DNA detection rate and virus loads were compared a-mong different kinds of blood and urine samples .Results The CMV-DNA detection rates in serum ,whole blood ,plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from 52 patients were 48 .08％ ,71 .15％ ,57 .69％ and 69 .23％ respectively .The CMV-DNA detection rates of whole blood and PBMC were higher ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The quantitative results of PBMC was higher .The CMV-DNA detec-tion rates of mixed urine ,urine supernatant and urine sediment from 85 patients were 72 .94％ ,62 .35％ and 84 .71％ respectively ,the CMV-DNA detection rate of urine sediment was higher ,while the quantitative re-sults of mixed urine was higher .Conclusion The CMV-DNA detection results of blood and urine have large difference ,therefore using the same kind of sample for conducting detection has an important clinical signifi-cance in the clinical diagnosis ,treatment and monitoring of CM V infection .

Objective To study the health status ,the current health service needs and the influencing factors concerning the rural elderly population in Northern Jiangsu. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was conducted in elderly people over 60 in Xuzhou ,Lianyungang ,and Suqian.Participants were face-to-face interviewed with questionnaires.Information on health status and health service needs was collected and analyzed. Results A total of 2655 elderly people were enrolled in this study ,including 1252 males (47.2%)and 1403 (52.8%)females with a mean age of (70.9 ± 6.7)years.Self-assessed health was generally poor ,with the two-week morbidity at 26.6%and the prevalence of chronic diseases at 60.1%;46.5% of the participants regularly took medications ;4.1% of them had physical disability ;8.2% had impaired daily activities ;The two-week hospital visit rate was 29.4%;The one-year hospitalization rate was 18.5%;The rate of non-hospitalization for people in need of hospitalization was 27.6%.Multivariate analysis showed that old age(OR＝5.51) ,adequate income(OR＝2.29)and short journey to a medical institution (OR＝7.90) were associated with high two-week hospital visit rates ;old age(OR ＝ 1.76) ,female gender(OR ＝1.36) ,empty-nest(OR＝ 1.37 ) ,family harmony (OR＝ 1.91 ) ,having chronic diseases (OR＝ 3.49 ) , and high frequency in taking medications (OR＝1.69)were correlated with high hospitalization rates. Conclusions The elderly population in rural areas of Northern Jiangsu shows poor health ,has high needs for health services ,and lacks sufficient service utilization.

Objective To explore the effect of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) examination on parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism.Methods The clinical data of 41 PHPT patients who received IOPTH monitoring (IOPTH group) from Jan.2009 to Dec.2014 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical manifestation,examination and changes of parathyroid hormone and calcium before and after operation were collected.Results There were 12 males and 29 females.36 cases had parathyroid adenoma,and 5 cases were parathyroid carcinoma.23 cases were positive in 24 cases of 99Icm-MIBI parathyroid adenoma radionuclide examination,and 2 cases were positive in 3 cases of parathyroid carcinoma radionuclide 99Tcm-MIBI inspection (P＝ 0.213).10 mins after tumor resection,PTH in all cases decreased by 50％ or more than that before tumor resection except for one case of parathyroid carcinoma.23 cases appeared hypocalcemia in 36 cases of parathyroid adenoma after surgery and 2 cases appeared hypocalcemia in 5 cases of parathyroid cancer patients (P＝0.361).No postoperative hoarseness,cough,bleeding occoured.Patients were followed up from 6 to 72 months.Hypocalcemia symptoms recovered 2 weeks to 3 months after surgery.No permanent hypoparathyroidism occured.One case of parathyroid carcinoma died of hypercalcemia 5 months after surgery.The remaining 40 cases survived without recurrence or death.Conclusions Intraoperative PTH monitoring can help doctors analyze whether all the hyperthyroidism glands have been removed,which can help to avoid miss diagnosis of multiple gland disease and unnecessary bilateral neck exploration.This method is highly accurate so it is recommended for routine use in PHPT surgery.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism is the most common complication of patients with chronic kidney disease.For patients poorly responding to medical treatment,parathyroidectomy would be the best choice.This article reviews the indications and modalities of surgical treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) is a primary thyroid tumor discovered 20 years ago. This tumor is usually misdi-agnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma because of their many similar nuclear features. Although controversy has focused on the malig-nant potential of HTT, results show that this tumor has a favorable clinical prognosis. Improving the preoperative diagnosis of HTT can reduce the scope of operation because misdiagnosis before or during surgery may lead to unnecessary total thyroidectomy. This study re-viewed the pathology, diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of HTT.