Thrombosis is a key factor that increases the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients and causes long COVID sequelae. Guanxinning Tablet (GXNT), which is composed of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Ligusticum Chuanxiong, has significant antithrombotic activity, but the similarities and differences between its anti-conventional thrombus and microthrombus induced by COVID-19 remain unclear. In this paper, the main active components, potential targets and mechanisms of GXNT in the treatment of thrombus and microthrombus caused by COVID-19 were preliminarily revealed by using anti-platelet experiments in vitro, network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking technology and molecular biology experiments. The results of platelet aggregation and adhesion experiments in vitro showed that GXNT had significant anti-platelet aggregation and adhesion activities in a dose-dependent manner. Using network pharmacology analysis, it was revealed that salvianolic acid B, tanshinone IIA, caffeic acid and ligustrazine in GXNT could resist thrombus and microthrombus caused by COVID-19 through key targets as the high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 6 (IL6) and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1). HMGB1 signaling pathway is one of its key common mechanisms. Western blot also indicated that GXNT significantly inhibited the expression of HMGB1 protein in platelets. In summary, this paper explores the similarities and differences between the mechanism of GXNT against conventional thrombus and microthrombus caused by COVID-19 and provides drug reference and theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment of long COVID sequelae. The animal experiment has been approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. TCM-LAEC2023187g1549).

Objective:To analyze the status quo and development of the Hope Houses for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Shanghai. Methods:In June, 2018, the organizers and managers of Hope Houses from 16 districts in Shanghai were investigated with the self-designed questionnaires, which covered the personal characteristics, knowledge of related policy, development of projects and obstacles, and rehabilitation recognition. The descriptive analysis and correlational analyses were conducted. Results:Totally, eleven organizers and 16 managers were investigated. The knowledge of related policy for organizers was not good enough. Eight Hope Houses in 16 districts in Shanghai were operated by social organizations. The average implementation rate of projects in Hope Houses was 60.6%, and the highest was rehabilitation knowledge education (96.3%). There was insufficient provision in legal services, job skills training, rehabilitation nursing guidance, job referral, medical referral and education referral, etc. The main related factors limiting the development of the Hope Houses were lacks of budgets, social consensus and professionals. The rehabilitation cognition of organizers and managers was generally good, but the cognition of rehabilitation principles and rehabilitation value needed to be strengthened. Conclusion:The Hope Houses for individuals with SCI in Shanghai work well, and the rehabilitation cognition of organizers and managers is satisfactory. It should be strenghened in resource input, comprehensive rehabilitation and standard of management, to expand the service timely.

Objective To analyze the current situation of institutional care for people with disabilities in Shanghai, China. Methods Sec-ondary data were collected from the synthetical information platform of Shanghai Disabled Persons' Federation, including data about the res-idential institutions and people with disabilities living in the institutions from 2004 to 2015. Results The number of residential institutions and people with disabilities showed an increasing tendency from 2004 to 2015. At the end of 2015, there was 368 residential institutions in Shanghai, providing institutional care for 5821 people with disabilities. People in the institutions were mainly with intelligence disability and mental disability, and mainly in 35 to 59 years old. Conclusion The institutional care for people with disabilities was generally in a good condition in Shanghai and met people's needs.

Objective To understand the development situation and existing problems of personnel allocation of assistive device institu-tions during the"Twelfth Five-Year"period in Shanghai,China.Methods A questionnaire was designed and a census was conducted to ob-tain the personnel allocation data from district and street level assistive institutions in 2010 and 2014 about age,education background,ma-jor and years of working, etc. Results During the comparison between 2010 and 2014, there was significant difference only on years of working from district level(P<0.01),and there were significant differences on age,education background,major and years of working from street level (χ2≥43.603, P<0.001). The personnel structures in urban districts and suburban districts were significantly different between 2010 and 2014(χ2≥16.166,P<0.001).Conclusion During the"Twelfth Five-Year"period,the construction of talents for assistive device in-stitutions got remarkable achievement in Shanghai,but it is still necessary to strengthen professional training and reduce the difference of structure.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) on allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in sensitized mice so as to provide experimental evidence for clinical treatment of allogeneic HSCT rejection in sensitized recipients. The BALB/c mice were divided into 5 groups: group A - mice were sensitized with injection of splenocytes; group B - mice were sensitized with splenocytes and treated with >5×10(5) Treg on day 7 before transplantation; group C - mice were sensitized with splenocytes and treated with 5×10(5) Treg on day 13 and 7 before transplantation; group D - mice were not sensitized, but treated with equal volume of PBS as control; group E - blank control. Each group had 15 mice. On day 0 of transplantation, mice in each group were irradiated lethally with 8 Gy by linear accelerator, and the bone marrow cells of C57BL/6 labeled by fluorescence staining were intravenously injected via the tail vein. The fluorescent cells in peripheral blood and organ tissue were detected by flow cytometry on different time points for homing assessment. Survival rates and hematopoietic reconstitution were also recorded and monitored. The results showed that on 12 and 24 hours after transplantation, as compared with the sensitized group, the number of fluorescence homing cells in different tissue of the applied Treg groups increased significantly and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The mice in sensitized group and blank control group all died on the 6-13 day, whereas the median survival time of mice in applied Treg once and twice were 15 days and 16 days respectively. Comparing with sensitized group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference between these two groups applied regulatory T cell (P > 0.05). It is concluded that applying Treg can induce immune tolerance of sensitized recipient to allogeneic HSCT and inhibit immune destruction and prolong the survival time, but can not induce full immune tolerance and at last sensitized mice died of rejection of hematopoietic stem cells.
Animals ; Graft vs Host Disease ; etiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Immune Tolerance ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology ; Transplantation, Homologous

Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

The article introduces a new method for three-dimensional reproduction of edentulous dental casts, and wax occlusion rims with jaw relation by using a commercial high-speed line laser scanner and reverse engineering software and evaluates the method's accuracy in vitro. The method comprises three main steps: (i) acquisition of the three-dimensional stereolithography data of maxillary and mandibular edentulous dental casts and wax occlusion rims; (ii) acquisition of the three-dimensional stereolithography data of jaw relations; and (iii) registration of these data with the reverse engineering software and completing reconstruction. To evaluate the accuracy of this method, dental casts and wax occlusion rims of 10 edentulous patients were used. The lengths of eight lines between common anatomic landmarks were measured directly on the casts and occlusion rims by using a vernier caliper and on the three-dimensional computerized images by using the software measurement tool. The direct data were considered as the true values. The paired-samples t-test was used for statistical analysis. The mean differences between the direct and the computerized measurements were mostly less than 0.04 mm and were not significant (P>0.05). Statistical significance among 10 patients was assessed using one-way analysis of variance (P<0.05). The result showed that the 10 patients were considered statistically no significant. Therefore, accurate three-dimensional reproduction of the edentulous dental casts, wax occlusion rims, and jaw relations was achieved. The proposed method enables the visualization of occlusion from different views and would help to meet the demand for the computer-aided design of removable complete dentures.
Analysis of Variance ; Computer-Aided Design ; Dental Models ; Denture Design ; Denture, Complete ; Dimensional Measurement Accuracy ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Jaw Relation Record ; Lasers ; Mouth, Edentulous ; rehabilitation ; Waxes

OBJECTIVETo measure the effect of laser fluence and scanning velocity on ablation efficiency of enamel and dentin.

METHODSTwo extracted human incisors and two molars were cut transversely along the axial plane with a diamond saw to obtain dentin and enamel slices with thickness of about 1 mm. Samples were fixed on a motorized translation stage, the linear reciprocating movement in the plane perpendicular to the direction of laser incident was programmed by the controller, and the laser focused on the tooth surface, then 36 ablation lines on enamel and 48 ablation lines on dentin were produced. A femtosecond laser system with wavelength of 800 nm, pulse width 30 fs, repetition frequency 1000 Hz was used, and the diameter of the focused spot was approximately 25 µm. A group of different fluence (1.33, 1.77, 2.21, 4.42, 8.85, 17.69 J/cm(2) for enamel and 0.44, 0.66, 0.88, 1.33, 1.77, 2.21, 4.42, 6.63 J/cm(2) for dentin) and two scanning velocity (10 mm/s and 20 mm/s) were tested. Confocal laser scanning microscope was used to measure the ablation volume.Ablation efficiency for enamel and dentin was then calculated.

RESULTSUnder the fluence of 8.85 J/cm(2) there was the highest ablation efficiency for enamel, 18.703×10(-3) mm(3)/J (20 mm/s), and the highest ablation efficiency for dentin was found under the fluence of 2.21 J/cm(2), ie.223.458×10(-3) mm(3)/J (20 mm/s).

CONCLUSIONSFluence and scanning speed of this femtosecond laser can affect ablation efficiency for both enamel and dentin, and this suggests that with appropriate choice of fluence and scanning speed we can improve the ablation efficiency for enamel and dentin.

Dental Enamel ; radiation effects ; Dentin ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Incisor ; anatomy & histology ; Lasers ; Molar ; anatomy & histology

Carbon Dioxide ; Dental Enamel ; injuries ; Dental Pulp ; injuries ; Dentin ; injuries ; Erbium ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; adverse effects ; Lasers ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Neodymium ; Tooth ; radiation effects

OBJECTIVETo establish the femtosecond laser experimental platform in vitro for numerical controlled cavity preparation, and to evaluate the roughness quantitatively and observe the microscopic morphology of the cutting surface.

METHODSEnamel and dentin planes were prepared on human third molars. A universal motion controller was used to control the samples to do rectangle wave motion perpendicular to the incident direction of the laser at focus. The surface roughness was observed with confocal laser scanning microscope.

RESULTSPrecise ablation of the dental hard tissues can be achieved with the established femtosecond laser numerical control platform. For enamel, the surface roughness of the cavity inside laser scanning line was 7.173 µm at the bottom and 2.675 µm on the wall of the cavity. The surface roughness of the cavity between laser scanning lines was 13.667 µm at the bottom and 33.927 µm on the wall. For dentin, the surface roughness of the cavity bottom was 51.182 µm and 25.629 µm for the wall. Scanning electron microscope images showed no micro-cracks or carbonization on enamel, while carbonization, cracks and a small amount of crystalline particles were observed on dentin.

CONCLUSIONSPrecise tooth preparation can be achieved with femtosecond laser numerical control flatform. The surface roughness of cavity wall was less than that of the bottom and can meet the clinical needs. Suitable femtosecond laser output power should be set for different cutting objects, otherwise it may result in tissue damages.

Dental Cavity Preparation ; methods ; Dental Enamel ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Dentin ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Hardness ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Molar, Third ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Surface Properties