Objective To summarize the core prescription for treating metabolic syndrome by academician TONG Xiaolin and explore the intervention mechanism.Methods Outpatient medical records of TONG Xiaolin's treatment for metabolic syndrome were input into the Ancient and Modern Medical Records Cloud Platform for data mining,then the core prescription was extracted.The effective components and therapeutic targets of the core prescription,and metabolic syndrome-related genes were obtained from relevant databases.The core targets were screened out by protein-protein interaction network.The network of core prescription-core compound-core target was constructed.Pathway enrichment analyses were carried out based on the core targets.Results A total of 1 028 records were enrolled and analyzed.The core prescription consists of 10 Chinese medicinals,such as Coptidis Rhizoma,Anemarrhenae Rhizoma,Paeoniae Radix Rubra,etc..The prescription was modified with three-herb formulas,which was composed of Fritillariae Thunbrgii Bulbus,Curcumae Rhizoma and Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma.A total of 151 active compounds and 64 potential targets for metabolic syndrome of the core prescription were obtained.The core compounds included isorhamnetin,calycosin,berberine and monacolin K.The core targets were MAPK3,MAPK8,and LDLR.The PI3K-Akt,AGE-RAGE and MAPK signaling pathways were involved.Conclusion The core prescription of academician TONG Xiaolin's treatment for metabolic syndrome was composed of Coptidis Rhizoma,Anemarrhenae Rhizoma.The prescription was modified according to symptoms in the form of three-herb formulas.The core prescription may exert its effect by regulating PI3K-Akt,AGE-RAGE,MAPK and other signaling pathways,which could reflect the characteristics of Chinese herbal compound,such as multi-component,multi-target,multi-pathway,and comprehensive regulation.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of curcumin on the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1)/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/endometrial expression of glucose 4 (GLUT4) signalling pathway and its regulator, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), in a rat model of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: PCOS model was induced by letrozole intragastric administration. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 4 groups according to a random number table: (1) control group; (2) PCOS group, which was subjected to PCOS and received vehicle; (3) curcumin group, which was subjected to PCOS and treated with curcumin (200 mg/kg for 2 weeks); and (4) curcumin+LY294002 group, which was subjected to PCOS, and treated with curcumin and LY294002 (a specific PI3K inhibitor). Serum hormone levels (17 β-estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and testosterone) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and insulin resistance (IR) was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment of IR. Ovarian tissues were stained with haematoxylin and eosin for pathological and apoptosis examination. Expression levels of key transcriptional regulators and downstream targets, including IRS1, PI3K, protein kinase B (AKT), GLUT4, and PTEN, were measured via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: The PCOS group showed impaired ovarian morphology and function. Compared with the PCOS group, curcumin treatment exerted ovarioprotective effects, down-regulated serum testosterone, restored IR, inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration in ovarian tissues, decreased IRS1, PI3K, and AKT expressions, and up-regulated GLUT4 and PTEN expressions in PCOS rats (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In contrast, IRS1, PI3K, AKT, and PTEN expression levels were not significantly different between PCOS and curcumin+LY294002 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The beneficial effects of curcumin on PCOS rats included the alteration of serum hormone levels and recovery of morphological ovarian lesions, in which, PTEN, a new target, may play a role in regulating the IRS1/PI3K/GLUT4 pathway.
Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Rats ; Cell Proliferation ; Curcumin/therapeutic use* ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; Glucose ; Hyperandrogenism ; Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/metabolism* ; Insulin Resistance ; Ovarian Cysts ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/metabolism* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/drug therapy* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Testosterone

Objective:To observe the effect of Yiqi Yangyin prescription on lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes rat model induced by high fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin （STZ）， and explore its mechanism in regulation of lipid metabolism. Method:The rats were fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks， and intraperitoneal injection of STZ was provided to establish diabetes model. The diabetic rats were randomly divided into model group， Yiqi Yangyin prescription high dose group， medium dose group and low dose group （9.00， 4.50， 2.25 g·kg^-1） and metformin group （0.20 g·kg^-1）. Another blank control group was set up. The high， medium and low dose groups were given with different oral doses of Yiqi Yangyin prescription granules， metformin was given in metformin group， the model group and the blank group received the same volume of normal saline. Intragastric administration was given for three weeks， and then the weight and blood glucose were measured. Automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， and content of total protein （TP）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissues in each group. Periodic acid-schiff stain （PAS） staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver glycogen. The lipid changes of liver tissues were observed by oil red O staining. The expression of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase （AMPK）/ sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c （SREBP1c）/acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase （ACC1）/peroxisome proliferator activated re-ceptor α （PPARα） pathway in liver tissues was observed by Western blot. Result:Compared with the blank group， TG， CHO， LDL-C， AST， ALT and ALP significantly increased and HDL-C significantly decreased in the model group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， TG and LDL-C contents significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）and LDL-C contents significantly increased in Yiqi Yangyin prescription groups （P<0.05）. Histomorphology showed that Yiqi Yangyin prescription significantly reduced the degree of hepatocyte intercellular vacuoles and steatosis in liver， and significantly reduced the lipid area of liver tissue. Compared with the blank group， the protein expression levels of p-AMPKα， PPARα， SREBP-1 （plasma） in the liver tissues significantly decreased in the model group， but such expression levels increased after treatment with Yiqi Yangyin prescription （P<0.05， P<0.01）， compared with the blank group， the protein expression levels of p-ACC1 and SREBP-1 （nuclear） significantly increased （P<0.01） in model group， but such expression significantly decreased after treatment with Yiqi Yangyin prescription （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Conclusion:Yiqi Yangyin prescription can significantly reduce blood lipid in the diabetic rats caused by high-fat feed combined with STZ. The decrease of blood lipid in the type 2 diabetes rats may be related to the influence on AMPK/ACC1/SREBP-1/PPAR pathway in rat liver.

OBJECTIVE: To develop an automated chimeric analysis and reporting platform based on short tandem repeat (STR) and capillary electrophoresis methods for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) so as to improve work efficiency. METHODS: Apache, MySQL, PHP and HTML5 were used to build the database and interface. The STR locus geno typing and chimeric analysis logic and flow were set up on the basis of STR rules and capillary electrophoresis. STR genotyping and 194 times of chimeric testing data of 100 patients after allo-HSCT were used to test the platform for automatic STR locus genotyping, chimeric calculation and report generation. RESULTS: The established platform could realize the functions of STR locus customization, STR genotype determination, automatic chimeric analysis, and detection information database management, which can automatically generate an integrated report including multiple sequential chimeric results and trend graphs for the same patient and can be accessed and used simultaneously by different users through different browser interfaces. The results of automated analysis by the platform are completely consistent with that of manual analysis by experienced technicians, and the possibility of manual analysis error is reduced through automation. The time required for automatic analysis using this platform is approximately 1/6-1/5 of manual analysis. CONCLUSION The automatic analysis platform built in this study is operation stable and reliable in analysis results, which can improve work efficiency and report connotation, thus worthing popularized and applicable.
Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Genotype ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Tissue Donors

Objective To investigate whether elevated baseline levels of high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) and neutrophil (NE) are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in Kailuan female cohort. Methods Females from Kailuan cohort (2006-2007) were included in this study. Information on check-up, hsCRP and NE were collected at baseline for all subjects. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of association between baseline hsCRP and NE values and breast cancer risk. Results By December 31, 2015, a total of 18 866 participants were enrolled in this study. During the follow-up, 183 new cases of breast cancer were observed. All participants were divided into three groups according to the level of hsCRP (<1 mg/L, 1-3 mg/L and >3 mg/L). The cumulative incidence of breast cancer were 829/105, 1 211/105 and 1 495/105 in these 3 groups, respectively ( 2=12.08， P=0.002). Compared with participants with lower hsCRP levels (<1 mg/L), individuals with the highest hsCRP (>3 mg/L) levels had significantly increased risk of breast cancer (HR=1.71,95%CI: 1.18-2.47, P=0.005), howerver, we didn’t find the statistically significant association between NE level (<3.70×109/Lvs. ≥3.70×109/L) and the risk of brease cancer (P>0.05). Conclusions Elevated levels of hsCRP at baseline might increase the risk of breast cancer in females.

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic effect of Yishen Qufeng Shengshi Recipe (, YQSR) in patients with glomerular proteinuria METHODS: A total of 145 patients with glomerular proteinuria were selected and randomly assigned to the treatment group (108 cases) and the control group (37 cases) according to a random number table in a ratio of 3:1. All patients received conventional and symptomatic treatment. In addition, patients in the treatment and control groups were given YQSR (200 mL, twice per day, orally) and losartan (50 mg/d orally), respectively for 6 months. The 24-h urine protein quantity, blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine in the two groups were measured at multiple time points before and after treatment.

RESULTSAt the end of the study, 5 cases were lost to follow-up in the treatment group and 1 in the control group. Finally, the statistical data included 103 cases in the treatment group and 36 cases in the control group. The total effectiveness after 2, 4, and 6 months was 81.6% (84/103), 87.4% (90/103), and 92.2% (95/103), respectively, in the treatment group and 47.2% (17/36), 55.6% (20/36), and 61.1% (22/36), respectively, in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01 at all observation points). In the treatment group, the curative effect after 6 months was better than that after 2 months (P<0.05). The 24-h urine protein quantity was significantly lower in the treatment group at 3, 4, 5, and 6 months than that in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01, respectively) CONCLUSION: YQSR could significantly reduce the amount of glomerular proteinuria in the early stage.

Background:The increasing prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China and the paucity of information about relevant expenditure highlight the necessity of better understanding the financial burden and effect of CRC diagnosis and treatment.We performed a survey to quantify the direct medical and non-medical expenditure as well as the resulting financial burden of CRC patients in China.Methods:We conducted a multicenter,cross-sectional survey in 37 tertiary hospitals in 13 provinces across China between 2012 and 2014.Each enrolled patient was interviewed using a structured questionnaire.All expenditure data were inflated to the 2014 Chinese Yuan (CNY;1 CNY =0.163 USD).We quantified the overall expenditure and financial burden and by subgroup (hospital type,age at diagnosis,sex,education,occupation,insurance type,household income,clinical stage,pathologic type,and therapeutic regimen).We then performed generalized linear modeling to determine the factors associated with overall expenditure.Results:A total of 2356 patients with a mean age of 57.4 years were included,57.1％ of whom were men;13.9％ of patients had stage Ⅰ cancer;and the average previous-year household income was 54,525 CNY.The overall average direct expenditure per patient was estimated to be 67,408 CNY,and the expenditures for stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲll,and Ⅳ disease were 56,099 CNY,59,952 CNY,67,292 CNY,and 82,729 CNY,respectively.Non-medical expenditure accounted for 8.3％ of the overall expenditure.The 1-year out-of-pocket expenditure of a newly diagnosed patient was 32,649 CNY,which accounted for 59.9％ of their previous-year household income and caused 75.0％ of families to suffer an unmanageable financial burden.Univariate analysis showed that financial burden and overall expenditure differed in almost all subgroups (P ＜ 0.05),except for sex.Multivariate analysis showed that patients who were treated in specialized hospitals and those who were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma or diagnosed at a later stage were likely to spend more,whereas those with a lower household income and those who underwent surgery spent less (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions:For patients in China,direct expenditure for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC seemed catastrophic,and non-medical expenditure was non-ignorable.The financial burden varied among subgroups,especially among patients with different clinical stages of disease,which suggests that,in China,CRC screening might be cost-effective.

Background: Esophageal cancer is associated with substantial disease burden in China, and data on the economic burden are fundamental for setting priorities in cancer interventions. The medical expenditure for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer in China has not been fully quantified. This study aimed to examine the medical expenditure of Chinese patients with esophageal cancer and the associated trends. Methods: From 2012 to 2014, a hospital-based multicenter retrospective survey was conducted in 37 hospitals in 13 provinces/municipalities across China as a part of the Cancer Screening Program of Urban China. For each esophageal cancer patient diagnosed between 2002 and 2011, clinical information and expense data were extracted by using structured questionnaires. All expense data were reported in Chinese Yuan (CNY; 1 CNY= 0.155 USD) based on the 2011 value and inflated using the year-specific health care consumer price index for China. Results: A total of 14,967 esophageal cancer patients were included in the analysis. It was estimated that the overall average expenditure per patient was 38,666 CNY, and an average annual increase of 6.27％ was observed from 2002 (25,111 CNY) to 2011 (46,124 CNY). The average expenditures were 34,460 CNY for stage Ⅰ, 39,302 CNY for stage Ⅱ, 40,353 CNY for stage Ⅲ, and 37,432 CNY for stage IV diseases (P < 0.01). The expenditure also differed by the therapy type, which was 38,492 CNY for surgery, 27,933 CNY for radiotherapy, and 27,805 CNY for chemotherapy (P < 0.05). Drugs contributed to 45.02％ of the overall expenditure. Conclusions: These conservative estimates suggested that medical expenditures for esophageal cancer in China substantially increased in the last 10 years, treatment for early-stage esophageal cancer costs less than that for advanced cases, and spending on drugs continued to account for a considerable proportion of the overall expenditure.

Objective To explore the effects of home-based exercise rehabilitation on anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI),and to improve both mental health and heart rehabilitation of the patients.Methods Totals of 108 patients who were diagnosed with CHD in Renmin hospital of Wuhan university and should have received PCI were recruited into the study from December 2013 to December 2015. The participants were randomly divided into two groups:intervention group (n=54) and control group (n=54). Based on the routine nursing care and discharged education,the intervention group also received home-based exercise rehabilitation with regular follow-up and supervision for exercise. The basic information,self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and exercise situation were documented and assessed before the intervention,as well as three months and six months after the intervention.Results 48 patients in the experimental group and 46 patients in the control group completed the study. Within the group effect:the SAS had a significant difference (P<0.05) but exercise related indicators (i.e. heart rate,SBP,DBP,sports days) showed no difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Within the time effect:both SAS and exercise related indicators demonstrated statistical differences between each time point (P<0.05). The interaction effects between time and group existed in SAS,SBP,DBP,and sports days (P<0.05),except for heart rate (P>0.05). The intervention group patients performed better exercise compliance (i.e. frequency,duration,intensity,self-protection,warm-up and relaxation exercise) after a six-month intervention,compared with the compliance before the intervention (P<0.05).Conclusions Home-based exercise rehabilitation can effectively alleviate patients' anxiety,and can also improve patients' cardiovascular function and reduce their blood pressure. The regular telephone follow-up and health education can better improve patients' adherence to the home-based exercise rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of Yishen Qingre Huashi Recipe (YQHR) in treating proteinuria of chronic glomerular disease patients with Pi-Shen deficiency complicated damp-heat syndrome (PSDCDHS).

METHODSTotally 121 stage 1 -2 primary chronic glomerular disease patients with PSDCDHS were randomly assigned to the treated group (85 cases) and the control group (36 cases) according to 2:1. All patients received conventional and symptomatic treatment. Patients in the treated group took YQHR additionally, while those in the control group took Losartan Potassium Tablet (50 mg each time, once per day) additionally. The therapeutic course for all was 6 months. Changes of 24 h urine protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine(SCr), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were observed at different time points. And the difference in therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSCompared with the control group after 6 months of treatment, 24 h urine protein obviously decreased in the treated group (P <0. 05). There was no statistical difference in SCr, BUN, or eGFR between the two groups after 6 months of treatment (P >0. 05). The total effective rate after 2, 4, and 6 months of treatment in the treated group was 77. 6% (66/85 cases), 82. 4% (70/85 cases), and 89. 4% (76/85 cases), respectively. They were 47. 2% (17/36 cases), 55. 6% (20/36 cases), and 61. 1% (22/36 cases) in the control group, respectively. Compared with before treatment in the treated group, the total effective effect after 6 months of treatment was higher than that after 2 months of treatment (χ2=4. 28, P <0. 01). Compared with the control group at the same time points, the total effective rate in the treated group after 2, 4, and 6 months of treatment was higher (χ2=10. 87, 9. 53, 13.16, P <0. 01).

CONCLUSIONYQHR could significantly lower proteinuria in chronic glomerular disease patients with PSDCDHS, improve the clinical effect, thereby providing clinical evidence for treating chronic glomerular disease proteinuria from resolving dampness and clearing heat.

Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; complications ; therapy ; Kidney Glomerulus ; pathology ; Losartan ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Proteinuria ; etiology ; therapy ; Syndrome ; Tablets